Creating Ibasho and Empowering Immigrant Youth: Using Community-Based Participatory Research

• Project/Area Number: 18K13094
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 09020:Sociology of education-related
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba (2019-2022); Gunma Prefectural Women's University (2018)
• Principal Investigator: Tokunaga Tomoko 筑波大学, 人間系, 准教授 (60751287)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
• Keywords: 居場所 / エンパワメント / 教育支援 / 移民 / 参加型アクションリサーチ（PAR） / 協働 / 日米比較 / アドボカシー / 参加型アクションリサーチ / CBPR

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using the participatory action research (PAR) approach, this study attempted to create ibasho (spaces of comfort and acceptance) and empower young people through collaboration with high schools and NPOs that support immigrant youth in Japan and the United States. Specifically, high school, NPO, and university collaborated and created a multilingual exchange club at a part-time high school in Japan to empower and advocate for immigrant youth. The project examined a strength-based approach to supporting immigrant youth through collaborating with immigrant youth and practitioners and co-creating knowledge and practices.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまで、移民の子ども・若者や実践者は、研究の「対象」とされることが多かった。本研究は、国内の教育学分野で取り組みの少ない参加型アクションリサーチのアプローチから、移民の若者や実践者を「パートナー」として捉え、関係性を構築し、共に「知」や実践を生み出し、状況改善や社会変革を目指した点で学術的意義がある。
研究成果は、協働した実践や若者と共にセミナーやイベントで発表し、共著で論文や著書をまとめ、広く一般向けにわかりやすい言葉で発信した。また、移民の若者をめぐる教育課題や支援のあり方などについて、教育行政関係者へのアドボカシーも行った。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign/University of Maryland/University of North Texas(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Frederick Community College(米国)
• [Journal Article] Pitfalls and Possibilities of Social Justice Ally Development Models: Lessons From Borderland Theories for Building Solidarity Across Difference (2023)
  • Author(s): Douthirt-Cohen Beth、Tokunaga Tomoko、McGuire T. Donte、Zewdie Hana
  • Journal Title: Educational Studies Volume: 59(1) Issue: 1 Pages: 14-29
  • DOI: 10.1080/00131946.2022.2153682
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Participatory Action Research in Education: Benefits and Tensions Across Contexts (2022)
  • Author(s): Sosnowski Jim、Tokunaga Tomoko、Evans Sarah A.
  • Journal Title: Annals of Anthropological Practice Volume: 46(1) Issue: 1 Pages: 19-25
  • DOI: 10.1111/napa.12174
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Participatory Action Research with Immigrant Youth in Tokyo: Possibilities and Challenges of <i>Ibasho</i> Creation Project (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokunaga Tomoko、Machado Da Silva Isabel、Fu Mengyuan
  • Journal Title: Annals of Anthropological Practice Volume: 46(1) Issue: 1 Pages: 40-51
  • DOI: 10.1111/napa.12173
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Co-researching with Immigrant Youth in Tokyo during COVID-19: Possibilities of Virtual Youth Participatory Action Research (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokunaga Tomoko, Dinesh Joshi. R., Watanabe Shinya, Shah Arjun
  • Journal Title: NEOS Volume: 14(1) Pages: 20-24
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] はざまにある生と教育―アメリカにおける移民女性の語りから (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子、住野満稲子
  • Journal Title: 教育学年報 Volume: 12 Pages: 157-177
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 「わたし」との協働的な「日本」の再想像／創造の試み―越境する女性たちをめぐるマルチサイテッド・エスノグラフィー― (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Journal Title: 異文化間教育 Volume: 53 Pages: 52-74
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Co-Creating Ibasho at a Part-Time High School in Tokyo: Affirming the Lives of Immigrant Students through Extracurricular Activities (2021)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Journal Title: Educational Studies in Japan: International Yearbook Volume: 15
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Co-constructing Belonging: ‘Voluntary Separation’ in Deaf and Immigrant Education in Japan (2020)
  • Author(s): Jennifer M. McGuire, Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Journal Title: Japanese Studies Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Pages: 291-311
  • DOI: 10.1080/10371397.2020.1851177
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] ‘Is He Allowed to Have a Crush on You?’ Interrupting Adultism in Fieldwork with Youth (2020)
  • Author(s): Beth Douthirt-Cohen, Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Journal Title: Ethnography and Education Volume: 15 Issue: 2 Pages: 207-221
  • DOI: 10.1080/17457823.2019.1568273
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Possibilities and Constraints of Immigrant Students in the Japanese Educational System (2018)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Journal Title: Background Paper commissioned for Global Education Monitoring Report 2019, Migration, Displacement and Education: Building Bridges, not Walls Volume: NA Pages: 1-16
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] 外国につながる生徒の把握と包括的支援に向けた課題―都立高校における質問紙調査とインタビューをもとに― (2022)
  • Author(s): 額賀美紗子・金侖貞・三浦綾希子・徳永智子・角田仁
  • Organizer: 異文化間教育学会第43回大会
• [Presentation] 後期中等教育における移民生徒の教育機会と進路保障―都立高校調査にもとづく問題提起― (2022)
  • Author(s): 額賀美紗子・布川あゆみ・髙橋史子・金侖貞・徳永智子・角田仁
  • Organizer: 日本教育学会第81回大会
• [Presentation] コロナ禍を生きる移民の若者との協働実践―若者参加型アクションリサーチ（YPAR）を通して― (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 日本文化人類学会第55回研究大会
• [Presentation] Co-researching with Immigrant Youth during COVID-19: Dilemma between Protection and Participation (2021)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga, Joshi Ratala Dinesh Prasad
  • Organizer: 日本教育社会学会第73回大会
• [Presentation] Unpacking Collaboration in Youth Participatory Action Research during COVID-19: Reflecting on Collaborative Project with Immigrant Youth in Tokyo (2021)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Organizer: Annual Conference of the American Anthropological Association 2021
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 越境する女性の『日本』をめぐるマルチサイテッド・エスノグラフィー―『わたし』との協働的な再想像／創造― (2020)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 異文化間教育学会第41回大会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Tabunka Kyousei: Ideologies of Multiculturalism and Integration in Japanese Education (2020)
  • Author(s): Isabel Saenz, Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Organizer: 20th International Conference on Diversity in Organizations, Communities & Nations
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Is Japan Home? Is the US Home? Diverging Paths of Asian Immigrant Girls in Japan and the US (2020)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Organizer: AAS (Association for Asian Studies)-in-Asia 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] アメリカにおける中国系移民生徒の居場所づくりに関する参加型アクションリサーチ (2020)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 日本教育社会学会第72回大会
• [Presentation] Diverging Academic Trajectories of Immigrant Students in Japan: The Possibilities of In-and-Out of School Policies and Practices (2019)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga, Misako Nukaga
  • Organizer: The Annual Conference of the Comparative and International Education Society 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] (Un)Learning Forms of Knowledge and Positionings: Dialogic Autoethnography of Transnational Female Academics in Japan (2019)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga, Yuki Imoto
  • Organizer: Annual Conference of the American Anthropological Association 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 定時制高校における参加型アクションリサーチの可能性と課題―居場所づくりの協働実践をふりかえる― (2019)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 異文化間教育学会第40回大会
• [Presentation] 越境する若者の「日本」をめぐるマルチサイテッド・エスノグラフィー―日本とアメリカを生きる「アジア系」移民女性― (2019)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 異文化間教育学会2020年度特定課題研究・第1回公開研究会
• [Presentation] アメリカにおける中国系移民の若者と居場所づくり―「居場所プロジェクト」をふりかえる― (2018)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Organizer: 異文化間教育学会第39回大会
• [Presentation] Exploration of Collaborative Ibasho Creation Project with Youth in Tokyo: Using Participatory Action Research (2018)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Organizer: Annual Conference of the American Anthropological Association
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] これからの教育社会学 (2023)
  • Author(s): 相澤 真一、伊佐 夏実、内田 良、徳永 智子
  • Total Pages: 278
  • Publisher: 有斐閣
  • ISBN: 9784641200036
• [Book] 「居場所」・「ハイブリディティ」異文化間教育学会編『異文化間教育事典』 (2022)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Total Pages: 288
  • Publisher: 明石書店
  • ISBN: 9784750353999
• [Book] 「アメリカのNPOによる中国系移民の教育支援―ストレングス・アプローチから」恒吉僚子・額賀美紗子編『新グローバル時代に挑む日本の教育―多文化社会を考える比較教育学の視座』 (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Total Pages: 256
  • Publisher: 東京大学出版会
  • ISBN: 9784130520829
• [Book] 「〈わたし〉から始める教育開発―日米における移民の子どものエスノグラフィー―」荻巣崇世・橋本憲幸・川口純編『国際教育開発への挑戦―これからの教育・社会・理論』 (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子
  • Total Pages: 237
  • Publisher: 東信堂
  • ISBN: 9784798916712
• [Book] 「マイノリティ」北村友人・佐藤真久・佐藤学（編）『SDGs時代の教育：すべての人に質の高い学びの機会を』 (2019)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子、高橋史子
  • Total Pages: 304
  • Publisher: 学文社
  • ISBN: 9784762028755
• [Book] 「ノンフォーマルな教育と居場所―夜間中学校・NPO・エスニック組織・メディア」額賀美紗子・芝野淳一・三浦綾希子編『移民から教育を考える― 子どもたちをとりまくグローバル時代の課題』 (2019)
  • Author(s): 徳永智子、住野満稲子
  • Total Pages: 249
  • Publisher: ナカニシヤ出版
  • ISBN: 9784779513695
• [Book] “To Find a Better Way to Live a Life in the World”: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Ibasho Project with Chinese Immigrant Youth in the United States. In Mahmoudi, H. and Mintz, S. (Eds). Children and Globalization: Multidisciplinary Perspectives (2019)
  • Author(s): Tomoko Tokunaga
  • Total Pages: 214
  • Publisher: Routledge
  • ISBN: 9780429261633