| Project/Area Number |
18K14564
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 42010:Animal production science-related
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| Research Institution | Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
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| Keywords | 集団ゲノミクス / ニワトリ / 産卵性能 / 遺伝 / ゲノム科学 / 産卵率 / 日本鶏 / 次世代シークエンサー / 集団ゲノム解析 / マッピング / 選抜の痕跡 / 遺伝子 / バイオインフォマティクス |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Using population genomics with Japanese fancy chickens (egg production rate: around 32%) and Japanese utility chickens (egg production rate: around 68%), we aimed to reveal what genomic regions were selected via long-term selection for egg production in Japanese indigenous chicken breeds. We have analyzed whole-genome sequencing of two Japanese utility breeds (n = 36) and three Japanese fancy breeds (n = 30). After adding publicly available whole-genome sequencing of wild ancestor (n = 29), we found more than 31,380,000 SNPs. PBE statistics were estimated from three Fst values (fancy vs utility, fancy vs ancestor, and utility vs ancestor) in each 20-kb window. Ultimately, we could achieve high resolution mapping for egg production and identify 48 genomic regions, which have Japanese utility breed-specific variants.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
我が国では、ギフジドリ・ミエジドリ・ショウコク等の観賞用品種が長く維持されており、戦後、産卵性能の向上を目指した本格的な改良が行われ始め、ナゴヤ、ヒナイドリ等の実用鶏品種が作られてきた。本研究では、日本オリジナルの多様な遺伝資源である日本鶏品種から、ギフジドリ・ミエジドリ・ショウコクの観賞用鶏3品種の集団およびナゴヤ・ヒナイドリの実用鶏2品種の集団の計66個体の全ゲノム解析を新規に行い、実用鶏特異的なゲノム変異を有する48の領域を発見した。今後、ニワトリの産卵性能に関わる遺伝的基盤の理解を進め、ゲノム情報を活用した地鶏の産卵性能の遺伝的改良に応用したい。
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