Determining the optimal resistance training method for improving sprint performance

Research Project

Project/Area Number	18K17815
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Review Section	Basic Section 59020:Sports sciences-related
Research Institution	Kogakkan University (2019-2020) National Agency for the Advancement of Sports and Health (2018)
Principal Investigator	Yoshimoto Takaya 皇學館大学, 教育学部, 助教 (20756465)
Project Period (FY)	2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status	Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help	¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000) Fiscal Year 2020: ¥260,000 (Direct Cost: ¥200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥60,000) Fiscal Year 2019: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000) Fiscal Year 2018: ¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥780,000)
Keywords	大臀筋 / 半腱様筋 / 100m走 / 臀筋群 / ハムストリングス / 内転筋群 / ノルディックハムストリングス / ヒップスラスト / グッドモーニング / MRI法 / 筋活動水準 / ウエイトトレーニング
Outline of Final Research Achievements	In this study, T2 weighted magnetic resonance imagings were used to clarify level of the lower extremity muscles during sprinting, to determine the muscles that are important for sprinting, and to examine the differences in muscle activity level between areas and between exercises for each resistance training muscle and within the same muscle. In addition, the effects of resistance training on the morphological and mechanical characteristics of muscles and sprint performance were investigated. It was shown that identifying the muscles that contribute to sprinting and training to stimulate these muscles accurately can improve performance.
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究は，これまで定量が困難であったダイナミックな筋収縮における下肢筋群の筋活動水準を競技レベル毎や，部位毎，種目毎に定量することができたことにある．これによって，スプリント走において筋活動水準が高い筋や部位を特定できたとともに，どのトレーニングがどの筋，どの部位を改善しうるのかを明らかにすることができた．そして，スプリント走を行ううえで筋の形態的特徴を科学的に理想的なものへ近づけることができた可能性があり，疾走能力に改善がみられた．本研究の成果は，科学的な知見に基づく効果的なトレーニングプログラムとして競技スポ―ツ現場に提案できると考えられる．