Systemic effects of exercise on mitochondrial adaptations

• Project/Area Number: 18K17941
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
• Research Institution: Kanagawa University
• Principal Investigator: Kitaoka Yu 神奈川大学, 人間科学部, 准教授 (30726914)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥120,000); Fiscal Year 2018: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000)
• Keywords: エクサカイン / 運動 / エクソソーム / ミトコンドリア

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We found that blood samples taken immediately after high-intensity interval exercise contain "exerkine" that enhances glycolytic capacity and mitochondrial respiratory function in skeletal muscle cells. Our results suggested that these factors may be secreted by exercise in extracellular vesicles. However, it remains unclear that whether "exerkine" is actually involved in the chronic adaptation of the whole body.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

運動は健康の維持および増進に貢献すると考えられているが、そのメカニズムは不明な点が多い。近年、骨格筋から分泌される生理活性因子であるマイオカインの重要性が示唆されているが、運動効果をもたらす物質は骨格筋由来の因子だけとは限らない。本研究では運動によって体内で分泌される因子をエクサカインと定義し、細胞外小胞に含まれる形で分泌されるエクサカインが運動による身体の適応に関与する可能性を示した。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Effect of post-exercise muscle cooling on PGC-1α and VEGF mRNA expression in Thoroughbreds (2021)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka, Kazutaka Mukai, Sena Tonai, Hajime Ohmura, Toshiyuki Takahashi
  • Journal Title: Comparative Exercise Physiology Volume: -
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Short‐term hypoxic training increases monocarboxylate transporter 4 and phosphofructokinase activity in Thoroughbreds (2020)
  • Author(s): Wenxin Wang, Kazutaka Mukai, Kenya Takahashi, Hajime Ohmura, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Hideo Hatta, Yu Kitaoka
  • Journal Title: Physiological Reports Volume: 8 Issue: 11
  • DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14473
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Effect of lactate administration on exercise-induced PGC-1α mRNA expression in Thoroughbreds (2020)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka, Kazutaka Mukai, Kenya Takahashi, Hajime Ohmura, Hideo Hatta
  • Journal Title: Comparative Exercise Physiology Volume: - Issue: 4 Pages: 253-258
  • DOI: 10.3920/cep200009
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Effects of Nrf2 deficiency on mitochondrial oxidative stress in aged skeletal muscle (2019)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka, Yuki Tamura, Kenya Takahashi, Kohei Takeda, Tohru Takemasa, Hideo Hatta
  • Journal Title: Physiological Reports Volume: 7 Issue: 3 Pages: e13998-e13998
  • DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13998
  • NAID: 120007133486
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Effect of Voluntary Wheel Running Exercise on Mitochondrial Fusion and Fission Proteins in Aged Mouse Skeletal Muscle (2018)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka, Shin Fujimaki, Masanao Machida, Tohru Takemasa
  • Journal Title: Advances in Exercise and Sports Physiology Volume: 24 Pages: 39-43
  • NAID: 40021754747
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Presentation] 高強度運動後の血清が骨格筋ミトコンドリアに及ぼす影響 (2019)
  • Author(s): 北岡祐, 武田紘平, 武政徹
  • Organizer: 第27回日本運動生理学会大会
• [Presentation] 加齢および運動が骨格筋ミトコンドリアに及ぼす影響 (2018)
  • Author(s): 北岡祐, 藤巻慎, 武政徹
  • Organizer: 第26回日本運動生理学会大会
• [Presentation] Nrf2欠損マウスにおける加齢によるミトコンドリア機能の変化 (2018)
  • Author(s): 北岡祐、田村優樹、高橋謙也、武田紘平、武政徹、八田秀雄
  • Organizer: 日本筋学会第4回学術集会
• [Presentation] Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dynamics, and muscle atrophy (2018)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka
  • Organizer: International Conference for Adaptations and Nutrition in Sports
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Effect of Nrf2 Deficiency on Age-related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria (2018)
  • Author(s): Yu Kitaoka, Yuki Tamura, Kenya Takahashi, Kohei Takeda, Tohru Takemasa, Hideo Hatta
  • Organizer: ACSM Integrative Physiology of Exercise Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Book] 筋肉研究最前線 ～代謝メカニズム、栄養、老化・疾病予防、科学的トレーニング法～（第2章第5節：骨格筋の乳酸代謝メカニズム） (2019)
  • Author(s): 北岡祐（計53名, 森谷敏夫編集）
  • Total Pages: 342
  • Publisher: エヌ・ティー・エス(NTS)
  • ISBN: 9784860436155