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A study on laser-based signal injection attack and its countermeasure

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K18047
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 60070:Information security-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Electro-Communications

Principal Investigator

Sugawara Takeshi  電気通信大学, 大学院情報理工学研究科, 准教授 (60785236)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywordsハードウェアセキュリティ / センサのセキュリティ / 音声アシスタント / レーザー / 光音響効果 / 情報セキュリティ / ハードウェア / センサ / セキュリティ / センサー / レーザ / サイバーフィジカルシステム
Outline of Final Research Achievements

We discovered a new attack that injects arbitrary audio signals to a target microphone by aiming an amplitude-modulated light at the microphone’s aperture, and proposed a command injection attack on voice-controllable systems such as smartphones and smart speakers. We evaluated several products showing that we can achieve a successful injection from more than 100 meters using laser power similar to ordinary laser pointers. The paper is accepted at USENIX Security 2020, which is one of the most prestigious conference in the computer-security research field. We made responsible disclosure and collaborated with the vendors for mitigating the vulnerability.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

センサに誤情報を挿入する攻撃は活発に研究されているが,提案法は,物理量変換(光から振動)を伴う初めて攻撃である点に大きな学術的意義がある.また,スマートスピーカーのマイクを対象とする攻撃研究の流れとしては,従来法の数倍に攻撃可能距離を延伸した点に意義がある.また,成果への社会的関心も高く,脆弱性開示のタイミングでは,CNN を始めとする一流メディアで報道された.また,スマートスピーカーのメーカーなどの関係各所に対して脆弱性開示するとともに,攻撃の理解と対策について協力を行った.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Invited: 3 results) Remarks (4 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] ミシガン大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Michigan(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Light Commands: Laser-Based Audio Injection on Voice-Controllable Systems2020

    • Author(s)
      T. Sugawara, B. Cyr, S. Rampazzi, D. Genkin, and K. Fu
    • Journal Title

      USENIX Security Symposium 2020

      Volume: 2020

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 組込機器のセキュリティを脅かすレーザーフォールト攻撃2019

    • Author(s)
      菅原 健,﨑山 一男
    • Journal Title

      レーザー研究「新しい光セキュリティの研究開発動向」特集号

      Volume: 47 Pages: 305-309

    • NAID

      130008074098

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Probing Attack of Share-Serial Threshold Implementation of Advanced Encryption Standard2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Sugawara, Yang Li, and Kazuo Sakiyama
    • Journal Title

      IET Electronics Letters

      Volume: - Issue: 9 Pages: 517-519

    • DOI

      10.1049/el.2018.7518

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Side-Channel Leakage from Sensor-Based Countermeasures against Fault Injection Attack2019

    • Author(s)
      Takeshi Sugawara, Natsu Shoji, Kazuo Sakiyama, Kohei Matsuda, Noriyuki Miura, and Makoto Nagata
    • Journal Title

      Microelectronics Journal

      Volume: Volume 90 Pages: 63-71

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.mejo.2019.05.017

    • NAID

      120006713576

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] ライトコマンド: レーザーを用いて音声コマンドを挿入する攻撃2020

    • Author(s)
      菅原 健, シア ベンジャミン, ランパッジ サラ, ゲンキン ダニエル, フー ケビン
    • Organizer
      コンピュータセキュリティシンポジウム2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ライトコマンド: レーザー照射により音声コマンド を挿入する攻撃2020

    • Author(s)
      菅原健
    • Organizer
      第5回 IoT セキュリティフォーラム
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Light Commands: レーザーを用いて音声コマンドを挿入する攻撃2020

    • Author(s)
      T. Sugawara, B. Cyr, S. Rampazzi, D. Genkin, and K. Fu
    • Organizer
      暗号と情報セキュリティワークショップ2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Laser Injection Attacks on Integrated Circuits and Sensors2020

    • Author(s)
      T. Sugawara
    • Organizer
      SPQR Laboratory Embedded Security Workshop
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 様々な実験条件におけるジャイロセンサのセンサなりすまし攻撃に関する基礎的検討2018

    • Author(s)
      西山優太, 李陽, 崎山一男, 菅原健
    • Organizer
      電子情報通信学会2018年ソサイエティ大会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] Laser-Based Audio Injection on VCS

    • URL

      https://lightcommands.com

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] レーザーを用いて音声コマンドを挿入する攻撃

    • URL

      https://lightcommands.com/index_jp.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 研究成果のデモ動画

    • URL

      https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2y3z169n9xXxPEBtxcAYjA

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 研究成果のWebページ

    • URL

      https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2y3z169n9xXxPEBtxcAYjA

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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