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Development of self-degradable lipid like material based on intraparticle reaction

Research Project

Project/Area Number 18K18377
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 90120:Biomaterials-related
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

Tanaka Hiroki  千葉大学, 大学院薬学研究院, 助教 (60801743)

Project Period (FY) 2018-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2018: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
KeywordsmRNA送達 / ドラッグデリバリー / 炎症性疾患 / ドラッグデリバリーシステム / リポソーム / Drug Delivery System / mRNA / 炎症 / 遺伝子治療 / 細胞内動態
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we developed a self-degradable lipid-like material which we refer as to ssPalmO-Phe for the delivery of mRNA. The ssPalmO-Phe can degrade itself under a reducing environment by intra-particle nucleophilic attacks to its phenyl ester moiety. The ssPalmO-Phe showed significant gene expression to the cells and moue liver. The toxicity of the ssPalmO-Phe was significantly lower than that of conventional lipid nanoparticle system. We then tried to cure the inflammatory diseases using fulminant hepatitis model and inflammatory bowel diseases. In the case of fulminant hepatitis, no therapeutic effect was observed. It's because the fulminant hepatitis model (D-Gal/LPS) was a lethal model and the supplementation of the protein by mRNA was not adequate modality. In the case of inflammatory bowel disease, we used DSS-colitis model. The introduction of IL-10, an immuno-suppressive cytokine, resulted in the amelioration of the disease.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

インビトロ転写で合成されるIVT-mRNAを用いた遺伝子の導入は、SARS-CoV-2に対するRNAワクチンの登場で大きな注目を集めた。一方、IVT-mRNAは任意のタンパク質を導入可能であるものの、ワクチン以外の応用は実用化されていない。これは、IVT-mRNAの送達に用いられる技術それ自体が免疫刺激性であるためである。本研究では、生体内で自発的に自己分解する素材を開発し、生体への影響をできるだけ低減したベクターを開発した。本ベクターを用い、炎症を抑えることで、潰瘍性大腸炎に対する治療効果が得られた。このような刺激性の低い分子は、IVT-mRNAを用いた治療の実現に有用であると期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • 2018 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (48 results)

All 2020 2019 2018 Other

All Journal Article (10 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 10 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (35 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 11 results,  Invited: 2 results) Remarks (1 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (2 results) (of which Overseas: 2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Self‐Degradable Lipid‐Like Materials Based on “Hydrolysis accelerated by the intra‐Particle Enrichment of Reactant (HyPER)” for Messenger RNA Delivery2020

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Hiroki、...Sakurai Yu、Ueda Keisuke、Higashi Kenjirou、Moribe Kunikazu、Shinsho Eiji、Nishida Ruka、Fukuzawa Kaori、Yonemochi Etsuo、Okuwaki Koji、Mochizuki Yuji、Nakai Yuta、Tange Kota、Yoshioka Hiroki、Tamagawa Shinya、Akita Hidetaka
    • Journal Title

      Advanced Functional Materials

      Volume: 30 Issue: 34 Pages: 1910575-1910575

    • DOI

      10.1002/adfm.201910575

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Development of lipid-like materials for RNA delivery based on intracellular environment-responsive membrane destabilization and spontaneous collapse.2020

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Sakurai Y, Anindita J, Akita H.
    • Journal Title

      Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

      Volume: 154-155 Pages: 210-226

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.addr.2020.07.001

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Vitamin E Scaffolds of pH-Responsive Lipid Nanoparticles as DNA Vaccines in Cancer and Protozoan Infection.2020

    • Author(s)
      Maeta M, Miura N, Tanaka H, Nakamura T, Kawanishi R, Nishikawa Y, Asano K, Tanaka M, Tamagawa S, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Harashima H, Akita H.
    • Journal Title

      Mol Pharm.

      Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Pages: 1237-1247

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01262

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Inhibition of the Inflammatory Pathway Enhances Both the <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> Transfection Activity of Exogenous <i>in Vitro</i>-Transcribed mRNAs Delivered by Lipid Nanoparticles2019

    • Author(s)
      Ohto T, Konishi M, Tanaka H, Onomoto K, Yoneyama M, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Akita H
    • Journal Title

      Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin

      Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Pages: 299-302

    • DOI

      10.1248/bpb.b18-00783

    • NAID

      130007587594

    • ISSN
      0918-6158, 1347-5215
    • Year and Date
      2019-02-01
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Development of a lipoplex-type mRNA carrier composed of an ionizable lipid with a vitamin E scaffold and the KALA peptide for use as an ex vivo dendritic cell-based cancer vaccine2019

    • Author(s)
      Tateshita N, Miura N, Tanaka H, Masuda T, Ohtsuki S, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Akita H
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Controlled Release

      Volume: 310 Pages: 36-46

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.002

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Development of an Alcohol Dilution–Lyophilization Method for Preparing Lipid Nanoparticles Containing Encapsulated siRNA2018

    • Author(s)
      Shirane D, Tanaka H, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Akita H
    • Journal Title

      Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin

      Volume: 41 Issue: 8 Pages: 1291-1294

    • DOI

      10.1248/bpb.b18-00208

    • NAID

      130007429032

    • ISSN
      0918-6158, 1347-5215
    • Year and Date
      2018-08-01
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] In Vivo Introduction of mRNA Encapsulated in Lipid Nanoparticles to Brain Neuronal Cells and Astrocytes via Intracerebroventricular Administration.2018

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Nakatani T, Frihata T, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Harashima H, Akita H.
    • Journal Title

      Mol Pharm

      Volume: 15 Issue: 5 Pages: 2060-2067

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01084

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A hepatic pDNA delivery system based on an intracellular environment sensitive vitamin E-scaffold lipid-like material with the aid of an anti-inflammatory drug.2018

    • Author(s)
      Togashi R, Tanaka H, Nakamura S, Yokota H, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Harashima H, Akita H
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Controlled Release

      Volume: 279 Pages: 262-270

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.04.022

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] DNA-loaded nano-adjuvant formed with a vitamin E-scaffold intracellular environmentally-responsive lipid-like material for cancer immunotherapy.2018

    • Author(s)
      Kawai M, Nakamura T, Mura N, Maeta M, Tanaka H, Ueda K, Higashi K, Moribe K, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Harashima H, Akita H
    • Journal Title

      Nanomedicine

      Volume: 14 Issue: 8 Pages: 2587-2597

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.nano.2018.08.006

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The delivery of mRNA to colon inflammatory lesions by lipid-nano-particles containing environmentally-sensitive lipid-like materials with oleic acid scaffolds.2018

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Watanabe A, Konishi M, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Ohkawara T, Takeda H, Harashima H, Akita H.
    • Journal Title

      Heliyon

      Volume: 4 Issue: 12 Pages: e00959-e00959

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00959

    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 人工mRNAベクターを基盤とするT細胞エンジニアリング技術の開発2020

    • Author(s)
      三山亮、田中浩揮、中井悠太、櫻井遊、玉川晋也、丹下耕太、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第43回日本分子生物学会、2020年12月2-4日、オンライン、ポスター発表
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 抗腫瘍免疫の正常化を目的とした脾臓の炎症環境の改善:RISET療法の提唱2020

    • Author(s)
      土井瑞貴、大東昂良、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、櫻井遊、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第24回日本がん免疫学会総会、2020年10月7-9日、ホテルライフォート札幌(北海道)(Web参加)、口頭発表
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ビタミンE足場型pH応答性新規材料を基盤とするmRNAがんワクチンの開発2020

    • Author(s)
      大山遼太朗、舘下菜穂、Jessica Anindita、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、櫻井遊、石亀晴道、岡田峰陽、丹下耕太、中井裕太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第24回日本がん免疫学会総会、2020年10月7-9日、ホテルライフォート札幌(北海道)(Web参加)、口頭発表
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] mRNAとビタミンE足場型の新規pH応答性材料を基盤とするがんワクチン技術の開発2020

    • Author(s)
      大山遼太朗、舘下菜穂、Jessica Anindita、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、櫻井遊、石亀晴道、岡田峰陽、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第36回日本DDS学会学術集会神戸学院大学 ポートアイランドキャンパス
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] エマルション型ナノ粒子製剤における薬物の疎水性が血中動態に及ぼす影響2020

    • Author(s)
      土井瑞貴、田中浩揮、櫻井遊、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第36回日本DDS学会学術集会 神戸学院大学ポートアイランドキャンパス
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA vaccine platform based on environmentally-responsive and self-degradable lipid-like material with Vitamin E scaffold( ssPalmE-Ph)2020

    • Author(s)
      Jessica Anindita、田中浩揮、大山遼太郎、萩原伸哉、白根大貴、櫻井遊、玉川晋也、中井悠太、丹下耕太、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬剤学会 第35年会、熊本
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 抗炎症薬搭載ナノ粒子による脾臓を標的とした新規がん治療戦略の開発2020

    • Author(s)
      土井瑞貴、大東昂良、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、櫻井遊、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬剤学会 第35年会、熊本
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 人工mRNAベクターを基盤とするT細胞エンジニアリング技術の開発2020

    • Author(s)
      三山亮、田中浩揮、中井悠太、櫻井遊、玉川晋也、丹下耕太、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬剤学会 第35年会、熊本
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 凍結乾燥を基盤とするmRNA内封脂質ナノ粒子Ready-to-Use製剤の創成2020

    • Author(s)
      萩原伸哉、田中浩揮、白根大貴、高田奈依、櫻井遊、玉川晋也、中井悠太、丹下耕太、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬剤学会 第35年会、熊本
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Development of DDS material and formulation technology that accelerates therapeutic application of mRNA2019

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tanaka
    • Organizer
      Dean's Grand Rounds Seminar, University of Alberta
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA carriers based on self-degradable materials2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Konishi M, Takata N, Takahashi T, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Tamagawa N, Akita H
    • Organizer
      1st Chiba-Alberta Joint Symposium on Pharmaceutics
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cytoplasmic delivery of exogenous IVT-mRNA using self-degradable lipid-like material2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Konishi M, Takata N, Takahasi T, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Tamagawa S, Akita H
    • Organizer
      7th International mRNA Health Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Cytoplasmic delivery of exogenous IVT-mRNA using lipid-like material2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Konishi M, Takata N, Takahasi T, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Tamagawa S, Akita H
    • Organizer
      Liposome Research Days 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA vaccine platform based on environment-responsive materials for cancer immunotherapy2019

    • Author(s)
      Anindita J, Tateshita N, Miura N, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Tanaka H, Akita H.
    • Organizer
      1st Chiba-Alberta Joint Symposium on Pharmaceutics
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA vaccine platform based on an intracellular environment-responsive lipid-like material with Vitamin E-scaffold2019

    • Author(s)
      Oyama R, Tateshita N, Anindita J, Tanaka H, Miura N, Sakurai Y, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Akita H
    • Organizer
      19th Symposium for Gene, Design and Delivery
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of freeze-dried formulation of RNA-loaded neutral lipid-nanoparticle based on pH-sensitive lipid-like material2019

    • Author(s)
      Shirane D, Tanaka H, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Sakurai Y, Akita H
    • Organizer
      19th Symposium for Gene, Design and Delivery
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of DNA/RNA vaccine platform based on an intracellular environment-responsive material (ssPalm) for cancer immune therapy2019

    • Author(s)
      Tateshita N, Ohyama R, Anindita J, Tanaka H, Miura N, Nakai Y, Tange K, Yoshioka H, Tamagawa S, Sakurai Y, Akita H
    • Organizer
      Lymphatic Forum 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA vaccine platform based on an intracellular environment-responsive lipid-like material with Vitamin E-scaffold2019

    • Author(s)
      Oyama R, Tateshita N, Anindita J, Tanaka H, Miura N, Sakurai Y, Tange K, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Akita H
    • Organizer
      Liposome Research Days 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 凍結乾燥ワンポット法を用いた核酸搭載型脂質ナノ粒子乾燥製剤の開発2019

    • Author(s)
      白根大貴、田中浩揮、丹下耕太、中井悠太、吉岡宏樹、櫻井遊、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第35回日本DDS学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ビタミンE足場型pH応答性脂質様材料を基盤とするmRNAワクチンの開発2019

    • Author(s)
      大山遼太朗、舘下菜穂、Jessica Anindita、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、櫻井遊、丹下耕太、中井裕太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第25回創剤フォーラム若手研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 自己分解性脂質様物質を用いたmRNAの肝臓導入と反復投与に関する検討2019

    • Author(s)
      小西真奈美、田中浩揮、白根大貴、中井悠太、丹下耕太、玉川晋也、櫻井遊、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第35回日本DDS学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ワンポット調製法を用いた siRNA 搭載型中性脂質ナノ粒子の開発2019

    • Author(s)
      白根 大貴, 田中 浩揮, 吉岡 宏樹, 丹下 耕太, 中井 悠太, 秋田 英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬学会第138年会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] COPD 根治治療薬としての Am80 封入 ssPalm ナノ粒子の有用性の検討2019

    • Author(s)
      長島 彰太, 加藤 大貴, 三浦 可南子, 秋田 智后, 田中 浩揮, 秋田 英万,山下 親正
    • Organizer
      日本薬学会第138年会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ナノ粒子物性がリンパシステム内動態に及ぼす影響:リンパ流改変モデルマウスを用いた検証2019

    • Author(s)
      五味昌樹、櫻井遊、田中浩揮、三浦尚哉、秋田新介、山路佳久、三科信之、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬学会 第139年会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 細胞内/粒子内環境に応答性を有する脂質様材料の分子設計と核酸キャリアの物性評価2019

    • Author(s)
      田中浩揮, 中井悠太, 丹下耕太, 吉岡宏樹, 秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本薬学会 第139年会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Development of RNA carriers based on self-degradable materials2019

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tanaka, Manami Konishi, Nae Takata, Tatsunari Takahasi, Yuta Nakai, Kota Tange, Hiroki Yoshioka, Shinya Tamagawa, Hidetaka Akita
    • Organizer
      1st Chiba-Alberta Joint Symposium on Pharmaceutics
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 環境応答性材料ssPalmを用いたmRNAキャリアの開発と癌免疫療法を目指したワクチン技術への応用2018

    • Author(s)
      館下菜穂、三浦尚也、田中浩揮、中井悠太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第34回日本DDS学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 凍結乾燥ワンポット法によるsiRNA 搭載型中性脂質ナノ粒子の開発と機能評価2018

    • Author(s)
      白根大貴、田中浩揮、丹下耕太、中井悠太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第34回日本DDS学会学術集会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 還元環境依存的な粒子内分解機構を搭載した自己崩壊型RNA送達システムの開発2018

    • Author(s)
      高田奈依、田中浩揮、高橋達成、小西真奈美、中井悠太、丹下耕太、吉岡宏樹、玉川晋也、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      日本核酸医薬学会第4回年会
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] リンパ流改変モデルマウスの開発およびナノ粒子の物性がリンパ節移行性に及ぼす影響の解析2018

    • Author(s)
      五味昌樹、櫻井遊、田中浩揮、三浦尚也、秋田新介、山路佳久、三川信之、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      遺伝子・デリバリー研究会 第18回夏期セミナー
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 粒子内自己分解性脂質様材料の開発とmRNA送達への応用2018

    • Author(s)
      高橋達成、田中浩揮、中井悠太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      遺伝子・デリバリー研究会 第18回夏期セミナー
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 細胞内環境応答性脂質様材料を基盤とするin vivoメッセンジャーRNA送達システムの開発2018

    • Author(s)
      小西真奈美、田中浩揮、高橋達也、高田奈依、中井悠太、丹下耕太、吉岡宏樹、玉川晋也、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第12回 次世代を担う若手医療薬科学シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 抗腫瘍免疫の正常化を目的とした脾臓および腫瘍組織における炎症環境の同時改善:がん治療における RISET 戦略の提唱2018

    • Author(s)
      大東昂良、田中浩揮、土井瑞貴、三浦尚也、丹下耕太、中井悠太、吉岡宏樹、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第40回 生体膜と薬物の相互作用シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] 環境応答性脂質様物質を用いた生体投与型mRNAデリバリーシステムの構築2018

    • Author(s)
      田中浩揮、小西真奈美、高田奈江、高橋達成、中井悠太、丹下耕太、吉岡宏樹、玉川晋也、秋田英万
    • Organizer
      第40回 生体膜と薬物の相互作用シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Development of self-hydrolyzable lipid-like material equipped with environment sensing motifs.2018

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka H, Konishi M, Takata N, Takahashi T, Nakai Y, Yoshioka H, Akita H.
    • Organizer
      18th Symposium for Gene, Design and Delivery
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] 細胞の中で自発的に内封物を放出するナノカプセルを開発~mRNAを用いた遺伝子治療の実現を加速~

    • URL

      https://prtimes.jp/main/html/rd/p/000000419.000015177.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 脂質ナノ粒子の凍結乾燥組成物2020

    • Inventor(s)
      秋田英万、田中浩揮ほか
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      秋田英万、田中浩揮ほか
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Filing Date
      2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Overseas
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 細胞内動態を改善した新規カチオン性脂質2019

    • Inventor(s)
      秋田英万、田中浩揮他
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      秋田英万、田中浩揮他
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Filing Date
      2019
    • Related Report
      2018 Research-status Report
    • Overseas

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Published: 2018-04-23   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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