| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
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| Research Abstract |
This paper researched the relation between a common language and language crossing, which exist between nations, classes and regions to verify multilevel nature the Chinese language related to Qing's language policy and social change from the view point of streams of a common language under the rule of the Manchurian. It is during 17^<th> century to the beginning of 20^<th> century. In this research, analysis was carried out from following five view points : 1) "rule by ethnic minorities to majorities and co-existence between both ethnic group", and "the influence to Chinese language under the specific situation, that is, rule by the Manchurian" ; 2) "Sinicization (Hanization) of the Manchurian" and "the request to a common language" ; 3) "necessity of a common language for diplomatic negotiation" and "confrontation between Nanjing Mandarin and Beijing Mandarin" ; 4) "Specific classes related to political institutions" and "Ruling class dialect which matured and be populared" ; 5) "Raise and fall of governing ability of Qing dynasty" and "its' relation to language".
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