| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Both Catholic theologians such as Johann Eck and Protestant theologians such as Martin Luther tried to write impressive and effective polemical documents by using various means of rhetorics. However, Catholics usually made use of indirect expressions with irony because of their superior social position, whereas Protestants attacked often their opponents with rough and direct expressions in order to defeat the Establishment. Furthermore, while Protestants regarded it as important, to enlighten and agitate common people, they wrote documents, which were easy to understand for lay people, but Catholics lacked such idea and they thought, that common lay people should not be introduced to theological discussion.
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