| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
|
|---|
| Research Abstract |
Since 9/11 terror attacks, due to the worsening political environment such as alienation, discrimination and "Islamophobia", the American Muslims have become more active in political participation for safeguarding their human rights and civil liberty. This trend, embodied by the call for voter registration and block voting, was clearly demonstrated during the Presidential campaigns in 2008. It is also observed that the nature of Muslim political engagement and their political orientations are becoming diversified according to their changing identity, generation and political ideologies.
|
