| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2007: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Medical ethics is taught as a principle of medicine at medical schools in Japan. But it is not clear that how to teach decision making in practice which involves ethical dilemmas for medical students. Therefore, we conducted a national survey of 80 medical schools in Japan to identify the current issues in teaching medical ethics. We enquired how and when students learned medical ethics at medical school and also the objectives, achievement goals, contents and curricula for 1st to 6th grade and postgraduate studies.
Preliminary study of educational affairs at the faculty of medicine (response rate 99%) showed that medical ethics is most likely to be taught in the lowest grade (1st year 60.3%) and less likely to be taught in the upper grades (5th-6th grade 11%,respectively). Only 28% of lecturers who teach medical ethics are familiar with the whole curriculum of medical ethics and only 15 medical schools had cross-faculty teaching. Lecturer's satisfaction for the system of teaching medic
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al ethics at medical school was related with 'introducing the element of medical ethics in bed-side teaching'. Sufficiency of contents for teaching medical ethics was associated with 'being discussed with clinicians' with logistic regression model adjusted by lecturer's specialty.
It was indicated that teaching medical ethics should aim to have a discipline for the students in lower grades, starting from having an interest in medical ethics in group discussion, case study, and visual aids, rather than listening to lectures only. In the upper grades, introducing more realistic cases to cultivate the sense of ethics within healthcare, namely clinical ethics, is important to build relationship of trust between patients and doctors, acquire communication skill, and managing the risk. Despite the recent increased recognition of medical ethics in practice, the human resources for teaching at medical schools are scarce and insufficient. However, teaching medical ethics, especially clinical ethics should be more emphasized in Japan, along with teacher's teaching and career-long education. Less
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