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Measurement of gravity using feedback-cooled mechanical oscillators

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00671
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 15:Particle-, nuclear-, astro-physics, and related fields
Research InstitutionGakushuin University (2021-2023)
Tohoku University (2019-2020)

Principal Investigator

Matsumoto Nobuyuki  学習院大学, 理学部, 准教授 (30750294)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥42,380,000 (Direct Cost: ¥32,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,780,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,810,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,110,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥5,590,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,290,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥14,820,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,420,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥13,260,000 (Direct Cost: ¥10,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,060,000)
Keywords光計測 / 光共振器 / 低散逸振動子 / 重力定数 / 量子制御 / 光ばね / フィードバック冷却 / 重力測定 / オプトメカニクス / 安定化光源 / 低周波防振 / 度量衡 / 光学トラップ / ウィーナフィルタ / カルマンフィルタ / 量子もつれ / 微小重力 / レーザー溶接 / ナノファイバー
Outline of Research at the Start

重力定数の測定精度は全ての物理定数の中で最も低い。これまでは、ねじれ振り子や原子干渉計により、質量90 g以上の大きな物体が生成する重力が測定されてきた。しかし、大きな物体を精度よく作製することは困難なため、測定の系統誤差が大きいという問題があった。系統誤差を低減するため、精密に作製された小さな振動子間の重力を測定すれば良い。しかし、重力の測定は重力源の質量で感度が決まるため、小さな物体の生成する重力の測定は困難である。本研究では、mgスケールの微小な物体間の重力の初検出に挑む。
微小物体間の重力の測定は重力定数の測定精度向上のみならず、重力相互作用の量子性の検証にもつながることが期待される。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Aiming to measure microgravi using mechanical oscillators under feedback cooling, the following four objectives were achieved: (1) development of a suspended mirror by two wires, with a Q value greater than 1 million, (2) development of an optical cavity with five times shorter length, (3) development of a stabilized light source capable of 3 × 10^-18 m/sqrt(Hz) @ 500 Hz, and (4) development of vacuum-compatible low-frequency vibration isolation devices (>0.5 Hz). Objective (1) sufficiently reduced thermal noise, and the use of two suspension wires enabled the realization of a compact cavity insensitive to frequency noise as in (2). With (3) and (4), both laser noise and ground vibration were adequately mitigated.

Furthermore, toward achieving quantum control of massive oscillators, the following two objectives were accomplished: (5) development of quantum filters for realizing conditional quantum control, and (6) elucidation of the limits of Q-value enhancement by optical springs.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

冷却振動子を用いることで従来よりも微小なスケールで重力測定を実現すれば、度量衡分野で大きな問題となっている重力定数の系統誤差の低減が期待されるほか、近年、基礎物理学の分野で大きな注目を集めている重力相互作用の量子的性質の解明につながることも期待される。重力は極めて弱いため、これらの目標を実現するためには、種々の雑音を極限まで低減するための地道な技術開発を進めるほかはない。本研究では、熱雑音、光源雑音、地面振動という3つの重要な雑音の低減に成功した。また、重力の量子性解明に向けて、巨視的な物体を量子制御するための新たな手法を開発することに成功した。

Report

(7 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (24 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 17 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Effective description of a suspended mirror coupled to cavity light -Limitations of Q-enhancement due to normal mode splitting by an optical spring-2023

    • Author(s)
      Yuuki Sugiyama, Tomoya Shichijo, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, Akira Matsumura, Daisuke Miki, Kazuhiro Yamamoto
    • Journal Title

      Phys. Rev. A

      Volume: 107 Issue: 3 Pages: 033515-033515

    • DOI

      10.1103/physreva.107.033515

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Generating quantum entanglement between macroscopic objects with continuous measurement and feedback control2023

    • Author(s)
      Daisuke Miki, Nobuyuki Matsumoto, Akira Matsumura, Tomoya Shichijo, Yuuki Sugiyama, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Naoki Yamamoto
    • Journal Title

      Phys. Rev. A

      Volume: 107 Issue: 3 Pages: 032410-032410

    • DOI

      10.1103/physreva.107.032410

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Recent advances toward mesoscopic quantum optomechanics2023

    • Author(s)
      M. Croquette, S. Deleglise, T. Kawasaki, K. Komori, M. Kuribayashi, A. Lartaux-Vollard, N. Matsumoto, Y. Michimura, et al.
    • Journal Title

      AVS Quantum Sci.

      Volume: 5 Issue: 1 Pages: 014403-014403

    • DOI

      10.1116/5.0128487

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] High- Q Milligram-Scale Monolithic Pendulum for Quantum-Limited Gravity Measurements2020

    • Author(s)
      Seth B. Catano-Lopez, Jordy G. Santiago-Condori, Keiichi Edamatsu, and Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: 123 Issue: 22 Pages: 221102-221102

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevlett.124.221102

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 精密変位計測に基づく低散逸振動子の重力/量子実験への応用2023

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      レーザー学会第43回年次大会、2023年1月18-20日
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 超軽量ダークマター探索に向けた巨視的振動子の量子計測2023

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      第5回新方式精密計測による物理・工学的変革を目指す回路技術調査専門委員会、京都大学、2023年10月28日
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 精密変位計測に基づく低散逸振動子の重力/量子実験への応用2023

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      レーザー学会第43回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Quantum control and gravity sensing by using low-dissipative pendulum2022

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      QUP workshop: toward Project Q
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Conditional squeezing of a macroscopic pendulum near quantum regimes2022

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      15th Asia Pacific Physics Conference (APPC15)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 力の精密計測が拓く物理学2022

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      KEK WPI研究所(QUP)プロジェクト検討会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 巨視的振り子の条件付き位置スクイーズ状態の生成2022

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      光応用工学特別研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Towards quantum sensing with table-top scale pendulum2021

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      Quantum sensors of magnetic and inertial forces
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Towards quantum sensing with table-top scale pendulum2021

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      WHERE QUANTUM INFORMATION & QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES MEET GRAVITY IN LABORATORY
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] High Q mg-scale monolithic pendulum for quantum-limited force sensing2021

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      XI International Symposium on Modern Problems of Laser Physics and School for young scientists (MPLP-2021)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 量子振り子の開発と応用2021

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      KEK物構研コロキウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 微小な重力の観測に向けた低散逸振動子の量子計測2021

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      巨視的量子現象と量子重力
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 光計測による巨視的物体の量子制御2021

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      量子エレクトロニクス研究会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Demonstration of conditional mechanical squeezing of a massive pendulum2021

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      KEK IPNS-IMSS-QUP Joint workshop
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 微小重力センシングを目指したメカニカルレーザークーリング2020

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Organizer
      一般社団法人レーザー学会学術講演会第40回年次大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Displacement sensing of a pendulum for gravity measurements2019

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Quantum Metrology and Sensing
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Considerations with specific architectures: suspended pendulums2019

    • Author(s)
      Nobuyuki Matsumoto
    • Organizer
      Quantum Optomechanical Architectures for Dark Matter Detection
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] 物理科学この一年 2020(担当範囲:機械振動子の量子制御と低雑音重力センサー)2020

    • Author(s)
      松本伸之
    • Total Pages
      166
    • Publisher
      丸善出版
    • ISBN
      9784621304860
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 学習院大学 松本研究室

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/matsumotolab-gakushuin/publication

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 学習院大学 松本研究室

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/matsumotolab-gakushuin/home

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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