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Physics of photonuclear reactions triggered by lightning discharges studied by simultaneous mapping observations of gamma rays and radio

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00683
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 15:Particle-, nuclear-, astro-physics, and related fields
Research InstitutionInstitute of Physical and Chemical Research (2020-2022)
Kyoto University (2019)

Principal Investigator

Enoto Teruaki  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 開拓研究本部, 理研白眉研究チームリーダー (20748123)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 鴨川 仁  静岡県立大学, その他部局等, 特任准教授 (00329111)
森本 健志  近畿大学, 理工学部, 教授 (60403169)
小野 英理  京都大学, 学術情報メディアセンター, 助教 (80827460)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥44,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥34,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,260,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥11,440,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,640,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥14,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,450,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥9,750,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,250,000)
Keywordsphotonuclear reaction / gamma-ray glow / atmospheric physics / radiation measurement / lightning discharge / neutron / citizen science / 高エネルギー大気物理学 / 雷放電 / 光核反応 / 雷雲ガンマ線 / シチズンサイエンス / 放射線計測 / オープンサイエンス / 中性子 / 雷雲プロジェクト / GROWTH / レーダー / 放射線測定 / Thunder Cloud Project / 冬季雷 / 冬季雷雲 / GROWTH Collaboration / Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash / Collective Power of Science / マッピング観測 / 雷雲
Outline of Research at the Start

雷では電場加速された電子がガンマ線を放射する。近年、このガンマ線が大気中の窒素や酸素の原子核と光核反応を起こす観測的な証拠が発見された (Enoto et al., Nature 2017)。本研究では、この光核反応が雷放電のどのプロセスで、どれくらいの量の反応が起きているのかを明らかにするため、金沢を中心とした地域に放射線のモニタリング観測網を構築し、電波、大気電場計と連携させ、高エネルギー大気物理学という新しい分野を切り拓く。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research aims to elucidate high-energy atmospheric physics by observing the radiation associated with thunderclouds and lightning discharges, which have become increasingly found in recent years. In particular, we study the evolution of lightning discharges and electron acceleration, photonuclear reactions associated with lightning, and the triggering mechanism of lightning discharges. During the three-year research period, we established a new observation system of more than 70 small radiation monitors around Kanazawa, famous for its winter lightning, using the Citizen Science framework. As a result, we found an association between the gamma-ray glow from a thundercloud (electron acceleration area) and the initiation of lightning discharges by the gamma-ray and radio measurements. This is one of the attractive evidence of our efforts to solve the mystery of the lightning trigger, and we proposed the subsequent Fundamental Research A.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

放電は強い電場で発生するが、雷雲内で放電を開始するだけの強電場が観測できないことから、雷がどのように始まるかは大気科学における長年の未解決問題である。本研究は宇宙線空気シャワーと雷雲の相互作用が雷放電のトリガーに関わるのではないかという作業仮説を観測的に研究する学術的な意義がある。また、その実施においては金沢の市民サポーターと連携したシチズンサイエンスという手法を持ち込んでおり、科学をその成果創出だけではなく、科学そのものを市民とともに楽しむという社会的意義がある。実際、2022年度には市民サポーターを巻き込んだワークショップを金沢で実施し、科学と文化の融合を狙っている。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (45 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 5 results) Presentation (28 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Invited: 16 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (5 results)

  • [Journal Article] Characteristics of Low‐Frequency Pulses Associated With Downward Terrestrial Gamma‐Ray Flashes2022

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Morimoto T.、Nakamura Y.、Wu T.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Ushio T.、Yuasa T.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Geophysical Research Letters

      Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021gl097348

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Atmospheric Electron Spatial Range Extended by Thundercloud Electric Field Below the Relativistic Runaway Electron Avalanche Threshold2022

    • Author(s)
      Diniz G.、Wada Y.、Ohira Y.、Nakazawa K.、Enoto T.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 127 Issue: 3 Pages: 1-14

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021jd035958

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Catalog of gamma-ray glows during four winter seasons in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Matsumoto T.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Yuasa T.、Furuta Y.、Yonetoku D.、Sawano T.、Okada G.、Nanto H.、Hisadomi S.、Tsuji Y.、Diniz G. S.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Research

      Volume: 3 Issue: 4 Pages: 043117-043117

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevresearch.3.043117

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Multiple Gamma‐Ray Glows and a Downward TGF Observed From Nearby Thunderclouds2021

    • Author(s)
      Hisadomi S.、Nakazawa K.、Wada Y.、Tsuji Y.、Enoto T.、Shinoda T.、Morimoto T.、Nakamura Y.、Yuasa T.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 126 Issue: 18 Pages: 1-13

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021jd034543

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Generation Possibility of Gamma‐Ray Glows Induced by Photonuclear Reactions2021

    • Author(s)
      Diniz G. S.、Ferreira I. S.、Wada Y.、Enoto T.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 126 Issue: 3

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020jd034101

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photoneutron detection in lightning by gadolinium orthosilicate scintillators2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Nakazawa K.、Enoto T.、Furuta Y.、Yuasa T.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review D

      Volume: 101 Issue: 10 Pages: 102007-102007

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevd.101.102007

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 1. Verification and Modeling of Reaction and Propagation Processes2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Odaka H.、Furuta Y.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 20 Pages: 1-17

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020jd033193

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model2020

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Yuasa T.、Furuta Y.、Odaka H.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

      Volume: 125 Issue: 20 Pages: 1-15

    • DOI

      10.1029/2020jd033194

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Thundercloud Project: Exploring high-energy phenomena in thundercloud and lightning2020

    • Author(s)
      Yuasa Takayuki、Wada Yuuki、Enoto Teruaki、Furuta Yoshihiro、Tsuchiya Harufumi、Hisadomi Shohei、Tsuji Yuna、Okuda Kazufumi、Matsumoto Takahiro、Nakazawa Kazuhiro、Makishima Kazuo、Miyake Shoko、Ikkatai Yuko
    • Journal Title

      Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

      Volume: 2020 Issue: 10 Pages: 1-27

    • DOI

      10.1093/ptep/ptaa115

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Gamma-ray glow preceding downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada Yuuki、Enoto Teruaki、Nakamura Yoshitaka、Furuta Yoshihiro、Yuasa Takayuki、Nakazawa Kazuhiro、Morimoto Takeshi、Sato Mitsuteru、Matsumoto Takahiro、Yonetoku Daisuke、Sawano Tatsuya、Sakai Hideo、Kamogawa Masashi、Ushio Tomoo、Makishima Kazuo、Tsuchiya Harufumi
    • Journal Title

      Communications Physics

      Volume: 2 Issue: 1 Pages: 67-67

    • DOI

      10.1038/s42005-019-0168-y

    • NAID

      120006647300

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Downward Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flash Observed in a Winter Thunderstorm2019

    • Author(s)
      Wada Y.、Enoto T.、Nakazawa K.、Furuta Y.、Yuasa T.、Nakamura Y.、Morimoto T.、Matsumoto T.、Makishima K.、Tsuchiya H.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: 123 Issue: 6 Pages: 061103-061103

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevlett.123.061103

    • NAID

      120007185892

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] シチズンサイエンスを活用した金沢での放射線マッピング「雷雲プロジェクト」2022

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      日本大気電気学会第100回研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] シンチレータを用いた自然放射線の科学観測2022

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      第69回応用物理学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 雷トリガーの謎に挑むシチズンサイエンス「雷雲プロジェクト」のプラットフォーム構築2022

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      理研シンポジウム: 理研ハッカソン
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 中性子測定の宇宙への新展開: 雷の核反応と月の水資源2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      RANSシンポジウム 「いよいよ見えてきた小型中性子源の現場利用と拓けて来たさらなる応用 -コンクリート反射イメージングから宇宙へ-」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 雷雲ガンマ線のマッピング観測を狙うシチズンサイエンス「雷雲プロジェクト」の進捗2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      Japan Geoscience Union Meeting (JpGU)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Photonuclear Reactions Triggered by Lightning2021

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto
    • Organizer
      3rd International Conference on Nuclear Photonics (NP2020)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 共創型サイエンスによる高エネルギー大気物理学の開拓2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      原子・分子・光科学 (AMO) 討論会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] オープンサイエンスも活用した雷と雷雲からの放射線計測2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      第59回 JAEA核化学夏の学校
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 雷と雷雲の高エネルギー大気物理学2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      宇宙地球惑星科学会・若手会「夏の学校」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Citizen science approach for observation of gamma-ray glows at Kanazawa2021

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Thunderstorm Radiation
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷雲電場における粒子加速と宇宙線シャワーへの影響の観測的研究2021

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, Gabriel Diniz, 沼澤正樹, 加藤陽, 中澤知洋, 久富富平, 辻結菜, 一方井祐子, 三宅晶子, 土屋晴文, 湯浅孝行, 高垣徹, 森本健志, 中村佳敬, 鴨川仁, 佐藤陽祐, 篠田太郎, 小野英理
    • Organizer
      東京大学宇宙線研究所・2020年度共同利用成果報告会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 冬季に観測された広範囲に進展する雷放電の放電様相2021

    • Author(s)
      田尻貴浩、森本健志、中村佳敬、酒井英男、清水雅仁
    • Organizer
      日本大気電気学会第99回研究発表会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Thunder Cloud Project : Ground-based multipoint radiation measurement campaign of high-energy atmospheric phenomena2020

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto, Yuuki Wada, Takayuki Yuasa, Yuko Ikkatai, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Shohei Hisadomi, Yuna Tsuji, Harufumi Tsuchiya, Takeshi Morimoto, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Masashi Kamogawa, Yousuke Sato
    • Organizer
      the JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷雲プロジェクト:シチズンサイエンスも活用した高エネルギー大気物理現象の観測網2020

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚, 和田有希, 久富富平, 辻結菜, 中澤知洋, 湯浅孝行, 一方井裕子, 三宅晶子, 土屋晴文
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会2020年秋季大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] みんなで探る雷の不思議2020

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚, 志岐真
    • Organizer
      理研DAY: 研究者と話そう!(招待講演)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] High-Energy Atmospheric Physics of Lightning and Thunderstorms Observed along the Sea of Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto
    • Organizer
      Connecting high-energy astroparticle physics for origins of cosmic rays and future perspectives
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Thundercloud Project: Citizen Science Observation Campaign of High-energy Atmospheric Phenomena from Lightning and Thunderstorms in Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto, Yuuki Wada, Takayuki Yuasa, Yuko Ikkatai,Shohei Hisadomi, Yuna Tsuji, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, Gabriel Sousa Diniz, Harufumi Tsuchiya, Takeshi Morimoto, Yoshitaka Nakamura, Masashi Kamogawa, Yousuke Sato
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union - Fall Meeting 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] X線天文学者が挑む雷の不思議2020

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚, 早野龍五
    • Organizer
      おうちでアストロノミー・パ
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Internet-based services used for obtaining scientific information according to the degrees of interests in science and technology2020

    • Author(s)
      Eiri Ono, Yuko Ikkatai
    • Organizer
      2020 9th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 雷放電で拓く高エネルギー大気物理学の新展開2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      2019年度 音羽電機工業株式会社・日刊工業新聞社主催・雷と雷保護技術セミナー(大阪会場)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 雷のガンマ線!?オープンサイエンスで挑戦2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      SPIRITS 成果報告会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 宇宙観測の技術で雷の謎に挑む2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      京都産業大学理学部宇宙物理・気象学科談話会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] オープンサイエンスを活用して挑む雷の高エネルギー大気物理学2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      ナイスステップな研究者2018講演会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Photonuclear Reactions Triggered by Lightning2019

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto
    • Organizer
      1st Symposium on Evolution of Matter in the Universe
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] X線天文学者が挑む雷の謎2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      京都大学金曜天文講座2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 雷がつくる反粒子2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      朝日カルチャーセンター新宿「反物質シリーズ講座」
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] X-ray astronomers are trying to work out a mystery of lightning2019

    • Author(s)
      Teruaki Enoto
    • Organizer
      国立天文台科学研究部コロキウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 雷でおきる核反応2019

    • Author(s)
      榎戸輝揚
    • Organizer
      原子核物理分野の若手放談会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Book] 雷の疑問562021

    • Author(s)
      鴨川 仁、吉田 智、森本健志
    • Total Pages
      238
    • Publisher
      成山堂書店
    • ISBN
      9784425983919
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 雷雲プロジェクト:ふしぎな雷雲ガンモを探せ!

    • URL

      https://fabcafe.com/jp/labs/kyoto/thunderstorm/

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 榎戸極限自然現象理研白眉研究チーム

    • URL

      http://enotolab.com

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Thundercloud Project

    • URL

      https://thdr.info

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 雷雲プロジェクト:ふしぎな雷雲ガンモを探せ!

    • URL

      https://fabcafe.com/jp/labs/%25branch%25/thunderstorm/

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Nature NEWS FEATURE

    • URL

      https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00395-3?utm_source=twt_nnc&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=naturenews

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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