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Decoding nucleosynthesis in neutron star mergers through accurate atomic data of the heavy elements

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00694
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 16:Astronomy and related fields
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Tanaka Masaomi  東北大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (70586429)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 田沼 肇  東京都立大学, 理学研究科, 教授 (30244411)
中村 信行  電気通信大学, レーザー新世代研究センター, 教授 (50361837)
加藤 太治  核融合科学研究所, 研究部, 教授 (60370136)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥44,850,000 (Direct Cost: ¥34,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,350,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥10,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,490,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥10,790,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,490,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥12,610,000 (Direct Cost: ¥9,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,910,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥10,660,000 (Direct Cost: ¥8,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,460,000)
Keywords中性子星合体 / 原子データ / 重力波 / 重元素
Outline of Research at the Start

2017年に中性子星合体からの重力波が初めて検出され、電磁波対応天体の観測から中性子星合体で鉄よりも重い元素が作られた兆候が得られた。本研究は、中性子星合体の分光データを読み解き、合成された元素の種類を明らかにすることを目的として、原子構造計算とイオン分光実験によって精密な重元素の原子データを網羅的に構築し、輻射輸送シミュレーションによって中性子星合体からの電磁波放射の正確な計算を行う。本研究の結果から、中性子星合体が合成・放出している元素の種類と量を明らかにすることで、宇宙における重元素の起源を解明する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

By performing systematic atomic calculations for heavy elements synthesized in neutron star mergers, we have constructed fundamental atomic data for the interpretation of kilonova signal. Also, we performed laser induced breakdown spectroscopy to measure transition probabilities of heavy elements, which serve as benchmark for theoretical atomic calculations. By using these results, we constructed complete and accurate atomic data for the application to kilonova. We have performed radiative transfer simulations using the new atomic data and succeeded in identifying heavy element features in optical and near-infrared spectra of kilonova.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究は、中性子星合体からの電磁波シグナル(キロノバ)の解釈のために必要不可欠な重元素の原子データを構築することに成功した。その結果、キロノバのスペクトルの解釈が可能となり、中性子星合体でストロンチウム、セリウム、ランタンといった元素が合成されたことを初めて分光学的に明らかにすることができた。本研究の成果は、宇宙における重元素の起源の理解を大きく進めるものである。また、構築した原子データは全世界に向けて公開されており、本研究の成果は広く研究コミュニティに貢献するものである。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (47 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (22 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 22 results,  Peer Reviewed: 22 results,  Open Access: 22 results) Presentation (20 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 12 results,  Invited: 16 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Vilnius University(リトアニア)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Vilnius University(リトアニア)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Vilnius University(リトアニア)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Opacity of the Highly Ionized Lanthanides and the Effect on the Early Kilonova2022

    • Author(s)
      Banerjee Smaranika、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kawaguchi Kyohei、Domoto Nanae
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 934 Issue: 2 Pages: 117-117

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac7565

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Tungsten versus Selenium as a potential source of kilonova nebular emission observed by Spitzer2022

    • Author(s)
      Hotokezaka Kenta、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

      Volume: 515 Issue: 1 Pages: L89-L93

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnrasl/slac071

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Lanthanide Features in Near-infrared Spectra of Kilonovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Domoto Nanae、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Kawaguchi Kyohei、Hotokezaka Kenta、Wanajo Shinya
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 939 Issue: 1 Pages: 8-8

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac8c36

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Theoretical investigation of energy levels and transitions for Pr IV2022

    • Author(s)
      Gaigalas G、Rynkun P、Banerjee S、Tanaka M、Kato D、Radziute L
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 517 Issue: 1 Pages: 281-293

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac2401

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Er II for Transition Probability Measurements2022

    • Author(s)
      Naoi Yuki、Iwata Masayuki、Yokota Daichi、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kato Daiji、Murakami Izumi、Sakaue Hiroyuki、Sekiguchi Yuichiro、Tanaka Masaomi、Tanuma Hajime、Wanajo Shinya、Nakamura Nobuyuki
    • Journal Title

      Applied Sciences

      Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Pages: 2219-2219

    • DOI

      10.3390/app12042219

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A Low-mass Binary Neutron Star: Long-term Ejecta Evolution and Kilonovae with Weak Blue Emission2021

    • Author(s)
      Kawaguchi Kyohei、Fujibayashi Sho、Shibata Masaru、Tanaka Masaomi、Wanajo Shinya
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 913 Issue: 2 Pages: 100-100

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abf3bc

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Optical follow-up observation for GW event S190510g using Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam2021

    • Author(s)
      Ohgami Takayuki、Tominaga Nozomu、Utsumi Yousuke、Niino Yuu、Tanaka Masaomi、Banerjee Smaranika、Hamasaki Ryo、Yoshida Michitoshi、Terai Tsuyoshi、Takagi Yuhei、Morokuma Tomoki、Sasada Mahito、Akitaya Hiroshi、Yasuda Naoki、Yanagisawa Kenshi、Ohsawa Ryou
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: 2 Pages: 350-364

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psab002

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] R-process enhancements of Gaia-Enceladus in GALAH DR32021

    • Author(s)
      Matsuno T.、Hirai Y.、Tarumi Y.、Hotokezaka K.、Tanaka M.、Helmi A.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 650 Pages: 110-119

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202040227

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Signatures of r-process Elements in Kilonova Spectra2021

    • Author(s)
      Domoto Nanae、Tanaka Masaomi、Wanajo Shinya、Kawaguchi Kyohei
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 913 Issue: 1 Pages: 26-26

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abf358

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] J-GEM optical and near-infrared follow-up of gravitational wave events during LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run2021

    • Author(s)
      Sasada Mahito et al.
    • Journal Title

      Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics

      Volume: 007 Issue: 5 Pages: 1-25

    • DOI

      10.1093/ptep/ptab007

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Nebular Emission from Lanthanide-rich Ejecta of Neutron Star Merger2021

    • Author(s)
      Hotokezaka Kenta、Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 506 Pages: 5863-5877

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab1975

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Extended Calculations of Energy Levels and Transition Rates for Singly Ionized Lanthanide Elements. II. Tb-Yb2021

    • Author(s)
      Radziute Laima、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kato Daiji、Rynkun Pavel、Tanaka Masaomi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 257 Issue: 2 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ac1ad2

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Theoretical investigation of energy levels and transition for Ce IV2021

    • Author(s)
      Rynkun P.、Banerjee S.、Gaigalas G.、Tanaka M.、Radziute L.、Kato D.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomy & Astrophysics

      Volume: 658 Pages: A82-A82

    • DOI

      10.1051/0004-6361/202141513

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Systematic opacity calculations for kilonovae2020

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka Masaomi、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kawaguchi Kyohei
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 496 Issue: 2 Pages: 1369-1392

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa1576

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarized kilonovae from black hole?neutron star mergers2020

    • Author(s)
      Bulla M、Kyutoku K、Tanaka M、Covino S、Bruten J R、Matsumoto T、Maund J R、Testa V、Wiersema K
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 501 Issue: 2 Pages: 1891-1899

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa3796

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Simulations of Early Kilonova Emission from Neutron Star Mergers2020

    • Author(s)
      Banerjee Smaranika、Tanaka Masaomi、Kawaguchi Kyohei、Kato Daiji、Gaigalas Gediminas
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 901 Issue: 1 Pages: 29-29

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/abae61

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Extended Calculations of Energy Levels and Transition Rates for Singly Ionized Lanthanide Elements. I. Pr-Gd2020

    • Author(s)
      Radziute Laima、Gaigalas Gediminas、Kato Daiji、Rynkun Pavel、Tanaka Masaomi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 248 Issue: 1 Pages: 17-17

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ab8312

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Energy Level Structure and Transition Data of Er2+2020

    • Author(s)
      Gaigalas Gediminas、Rynkun Pavel、Radziute Laima、Kato Daiji、Tanaka Masaomi、Jonsson P.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series

      Volume: 248 Issue: 1 Pages: 13-13

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4365/ab881a

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Constraint on the Ejecta Mass for Black Hole Neutron Star Merger Event Candidate S190814bv2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawaguchi Kyohei、Shibata Masaru、Tanaka Masaomi
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 893 Issue: 2 Pages: 153-153

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ab8309

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Diversity of Kilonova Light Curves2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawaguchi, Shibata, M., Tanaka, M.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 889 Issue: 2 Pages: 171-171

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ab61f6

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] On the possibility of GW190425 being a black hole--neutron star binary merger2020

    • Author(s)
      Koutarou Kyutoku, Sho Fujibayashi, Kota Hayashi, Kyohei Kawaguchi, Kenta Kiuchi, Masaru Shibata, Masaomi Tanaka
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 890 Issue: 1 Pages: 4-4

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ab6e70

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Short GRB 160821B: a reverse shock, a refreshed shock, and a well-sampled kilonova2019

    • Author(s)
      Lamb, G. P., et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 883 Issue: 1 Pages: 48-48

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ab38bb

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] マルチメッセンジャー天文学・時間領域天文学2023

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      第22回高宇連研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Heavy element opacity for multi-messenger observations of neutron star mergers2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      IAU Symposium 371 Honoring Charlotte Moore Sitterly:Astronomical spectroscopy in the 21st century
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Radiative transfer simulations for kilonovae2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Kilonova: Multimessenger and Multiphysics
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Kilonovae: recent progress and future outlook2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Exploring the Transient Universe
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Neutron star merger and r-process nucleosynthesis2022

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      UKAKUREN-RCNP Conference on AstroNuclear Physics
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 中性子星合体からの電磁波放射「キロノバ」における原子過程2022

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      原子分子データ応用フォーラムセミナー
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Modeling Kilonova Emission from Neutron Star Mergers2021

    • Author(s)
      Masaomi Tanaka
    • Organizer
      IAU Symposium 363 Neutron Star Astrophysics at the Crossroads: Magnetars and the Multimessenger Revolution
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 突発天体と可視光・赤外線観測2021

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会 2021年秋季大会 シンポジウム「ニュートリノ・重力波時代のマルチメッセンジャー天文学の展望」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Kilonova2021

    • Author(s)
      Masaomi Tanaka
    • Organizer
      Extreme Outflows in Astrophysical Transients
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Multimessenger astronomy and the origin of heavy elements in the Universe2020

    • Author(s)
      Masaomi Tanaka
    • Organizer
      APCTP-KPS-JPS Meeting
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Systematic Opacity Calculations for Kilonovae2020

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Joint symposium of MEXT innovative area x KONAN GAKUEN 100th Anniversary International Scientific Symposium Series
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Multimessenger signature of compact binary coalescence2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      16th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Kilonova: Electromagnetic signature of r-process nucleosynthesis2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics IX
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Astrophysics of gravitational wave sources and atomic data for heavy elements2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      The 28th International Toki Conference on Plasma and Fusion Research
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Neutron star mergers and atomic data for heavy elements2019

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      宇宙における物質進化--原子核・原子・分子 第1回シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] すばるとTMTによるマルチメッセンジャー天文学2019

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2019年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 重力波天体のマルチメッセンジャー観測2019

    • Author(s)
      田中雅臣
    • Organizer
      シミュレーションによる宇宙の基本法則と進化の解明に向けて
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Atomic opacities for kilonova2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Yukawa International Seminar 2019 Black Holes and Neutron Stars with Gravitational Waves
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Optical/infrared counterparts of gravitational wave sources2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      Subaru Telescope 20th Anniversary - Optical & Infrared Astronomy for the Next Decade -
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Neutron star mergers: r-process nucleosynthesis and kilonova2019

    • Author(s)
      Tanaka, M.
    • Organizer
      JINA-CEE IReNA/NAOJ Workshop
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] マルチメッセンジャー天文学が捉えた新しい宇宙の姿 宇宙の物質の起源に迫る2021

    • Author(s)
      田中 雅臣
    • Total Pages
      274
    • Publisher
      講談社
    • ISBN
      4065261341
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 中性子星の合体で合成されたレアアースを初めて特定

    • URL

      https://www.sci.tohoku.ac.jp/news/20221027-12319.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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