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Establishment of a method for characterizing Earth-like planets

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00700
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 16:Astronomy and related fields
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

Matsuo Taro  名古屋大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (00548464)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 芝井 広  大阪大学, その他部局等, 名誉教授 (70154234)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥42,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥33,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥8,320,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,920,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥30,940,000 (Direct Cost: ¥23,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥7,140,000)
Keywords中間赤外線分光器 / 高安定 / 極低温 / 中間赤外線検出器 / 瞳分光 / 太陽系外惑星 / 分光器 / 食分光 / 地球型系外惑星 / 大気分光 / 高安定分光器 / 指向擾乱 / 太陽系外惑星科学 / 赤外線天文学 / 分光測光 / 極低温実験 / 分光測光器 / 安定性 / 高精度分光測光 / 中間赤外線 / 極低温装置 / 望遠鏡模擬システム
Outline of Research at the Start

太陽系外の恒星の周りで3000を超える系外惑星が発見されている。系外惑星の中には、地球と同程度の大きさで、かつ主星からほどよい距離にある水を保有する可能性のある生命居住可能惑星が含まれる。本研究は、地球型系外惑星の大気分光のために、太陽系近傍の食を起こす地球型系外惑星の分光観測ための技術を確立するものである。2016年に提案された瞳収縮分光は、望遠鏡の姿勢変化や検出器ゲインの時間変化の影響を抑えて、10万分の1の測光分光の安定性を達成できる可能性が示された。本研究は、宇宙観測環境を模擬する望遠鏡シミュレータを開発し、観測環境下での瞳収縮分光器の性能を評価する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research aims to detect the thermal emission and atmospheric absorption of terrestrial exoplanets orbiting late-type stars in the vicinity of the solar system, realizing highly stable spectrophotometric observations in the mid-infrared. In order to realize the highly stable spectroscopy in the mid-infrared, we experimentally developed a densified pupil spectrograph, which forms a spectrum of the pupil plane optically conjugated to the entrance pupil and in principle can achieve high spectrophotometric precision. We developed a cryogenic testbed for demonstration and evaluation of the densified pupil spectrograph at NASA Ames Research Center. Through this experiment, we succeeded in forming the densified pupil spectroscopic image on the detection plane and obtained a stability of 10 parts-per-million (ppm) for a long-term observation by combining a mid-infrared Si:As detector for James Webb Space Telescope with the densified pupil spectrograph.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球型系外惑星の大気分光は、宇宙における生命探査の最初の一歩として位置付けられる。惑星大気の分子組成から点として観測される惑星の表層での生命活動の可能性を検証することが可能である。本研究は、NASAが提案した極低温宇宙望遠鏡ミッションコンセプトに、瞳分光器を搭載することによって、2030年代に食分光を通して生命探査の実現を目指すものであった。その搭載に向けて、NASA Ames Research Centerにおいて技術実証を行い、技術の確立を目指した。結果として、当初目指していた分光測光精度100万分の10に到達することができ、これは生命探査を可能にする性能である。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Ames Research Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Ames Research Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Ames Research Center(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A Coronagraph with a Sub-λ/D Inner Working Angle and a Moderate Spectral Bandwidth2022

    • Author(s)
      Itoh, S., Matsuo, T.
    • Journal Title

      Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 163 Issue: 6 Pages: 279-279

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/ac658a

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Development progress of diffraction-limited coronagraphs with moderate spectral bandwidths2022

    • Author(s)
      Itoh, S., Matsuo, T., Ota, S., Ikeda, Y., Kojima, R., Yamada, T., Sumi, T.
    • Journal Title

      Proc. of SPIE

      Volume: 12188 Pages: 158-158

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2629087

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Development of a high-precision spectrograph for diffraction-limited coronagraphs2022

    • Author(s)
      Ota, S., Matsuo, T., Itoh, S., Kano, T., Ikeda, Y., Kojima, R., Sukegawa, T., Nakayasu, T., Koyama, M., Sumi, T., Yamada, T.
    • Journal Title

      Proc. of SPIE

      Volume: 12188 Pages: 1218851-1218851

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2629324

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] The Japan-United States Infrared Interferometry Experiment (JUStIInE): balloon-borne pathfinder for a space-based far-IR interferometer2022

    • Author(s)
      David Leisawitz, Taro Matsuo, Gregory Mosby Jr., Peter Ade, Rachel Akeson, Dale Fixsen, Qian Gong, Hidehiro Kaneda, Stephen F. Maher, Lee G. Mundy, Shunsuke Ota, Gioia Rau, Elmer Sharp III, Toru Shimokawa, Johannes Staguhn, Carole Tucker, Gerard van Belle
    • Journal Title

      Proc. of SPIE

      Volume: 12190 Pages: 98-98

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2629426

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Detecting Atmospheric Molecules of Nontransiting Temperate Terrestrial Exoplanets Using High-resolution Spectroscopy in the Mid-infrared Domain2021

    • Author(s)
      Yuka Fujii, Taro Matsuo
    • Journal Title

      Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 161 Issue: 4 Pages: 180-180

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/abe129

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Spectroscopic Fourth-order Coronagraph for the Characterization of Terrestrial Planets at Small Angular Separations from Host Stars2021

    • Author(s)
      T. Matsuo, S. Itoh, Y. Ikeda
    • Journal Title

      Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 161 Issue: 2 Pages: 83-83

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/abd248

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Laboratory experiment of densified pupil spectrograph for the Origins Space Telescope2020

    • Author(s)
      T. Matsuo, T. P. Greene, R. R. Johnson, R. E. McMurray, T. Roellig, K. Ennico-Smith, B. P. Helvensteijn, A. Kashani, H. Shibai, T. Sumi, S. Itoh, I. Sakon, T. Yamamuro, Y. Ikeda, T. Manome, N. Iida, K. Yanagibashi, M. Kamiura
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11443 Pages: 212-212

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2560421

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Photometric Precision of a Si:As Impurity Band Conduction Mid-Infrared Detector and Application to Transit Spectroscopy2019

    • Author(s)
      T. Matsuo, T. Greene, R. Johnson, R. E. McMurray, T. Roellig, K. Ennico
    • Journal Title

      Publication of Astronomical Society of Pacific

      Volume: 131 Issue: 1006 Pages: 1006-1006

    • DOI

      10.1088/1538-3873/ab42f1

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 回折限界の Inner Working Angle を持つ新しいコロナグラフ原理の確認実験2022

    • Author(s)
      伊藤 哲司、松尾 太郎、太田 峻介、池田 優二、小島 礼己、山田 亨、住 貴宏
    • Organizer
      2022年度天文学会秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 広帯域コロナグラフマスクの実現に向けた同心型分光器の性能測定2022

    • Author(s)
      太田 峻介、松尾 太郎、伊藤 哲司、叶哲生、池田 優二、小島 礼己、山田 亨、住 貴宏
    • Organizer
      2022年度天文学会秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 赤外線宇宙干渉計(SEIRIOS)のための観測手法の考案とミッション機器の設計2022

    • Author(s)
      松尾 太郎、五十里 哲、近藤 宙貴、太田 峻介、原 健介、山室 智康、中須賀 真一
    • Organizer
      第66回宇宙科学技術連合講演会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 宇宙赤外線干渉計ミッションSEIRIOS実現に向けた高精度な光路長制御手法2022

    • Author(s)
      近藤 宙貴、五十里 哲、松尾 太郎、中須賀 真一
    • Organizer
      第66回宇宙科学技術連合講演会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 日米共同気球搭載赤外線干渉計2022

    • Author(s)
      松尾 太郎、金田 英宏、芝井 広、太田 峻介、宮田 隆志、上塚 貴史、大薮 進喜、松尾 宏、江澤 元、和田 武彦、土居 明広、Leisawitz David、Mosby Gregory
    • Organizer
      2022年度大気球シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Laboratory experiment of densified pupil spectrograph for the Origins Space Telescope2020

    • Author(s)
      Taro Matsuo
    • Organizer
      国際光学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Laboratory experiment of densified pupil spectrograph for the Origins Space Telescope2020

    • Author(s)
      Matsuo Taro、Greene Thomas P.、Johnson Roy R.、McMurray Robert E.、Roellig Thomas L.、Ennico-Smith Kimberly、Helvensteijn Bernardus P.、Kashani Ali、Shibai Hiroshi、Sumi Takahiro、Itoh Satoshi、Sakon Itsuki、Yamamuro Tomoyasu、Ikeda Yuji、Manome Takeo、Iida Naoto、Yanagibashi Kentaro、Kamiura Masatsugu
    • Organizer
      SPIE
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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