Mapping Stellar Systems Birth and Death with NIR Polarized Imaging at AU scales.

• Project/Area Number: 19H00703
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 16:Astronomy and related fields
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
• Principal Investigator: Kudo Tomoyuki 国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, RCUH職員 (80591495)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): Guyon Olivier 国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, RCUH職員 (90399288) ; Lozi Julien 国立天文台, ハワイ観測所, RCUH職員 (20806658) ; 橋本 淳 大学共同利用機関法人自然科学研究機構(新分野創成センター、アストロバイオロジーセンター、生命創成探究, アストロバイオロジーセンター, 特任助教 (20588610)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥42,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥32,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥9,720,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥7,020,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,620,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥8,580,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,980,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥26,520,000 (Direct Cost: ¥20,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥6,120,000)
• Keywords: 光赤外線天文学 / 補償光学 / 偏光 / 星・惑星系形成 / 晩期型星 / 装置開発 / 光学赤外線天文学

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、星の生と死に関わる情報を引き出すための「偏光観測」を、すばる望遠鏡に搭載された極限補償光学システム(SCExAO)を使って進めていく。

偏光観測用の機械系のアップグレードと、制御系ソフトウェアの整備を行い、若い恒星を取り巻く原始惑星系円盤や、年老いた晩期型星の質量放出現象の観測を進めることで、我々の太陽系の成り立ちと、将来への進化過程の解明に挑む。

また、本研究における技術的/解析的ノウハウは、建設予定である30mTMT望遠鏡を用いた高精度偏光観測への応用へと繋げていく。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have successfully developed two advanced near infrared polarimetric imaging capabilities on the existing SCExAO high contrast imaging instrument at the Subaru Telescope/NAOJ. In combination with existing half-waveplate and newly installed wollaston prism, CHARIS instrument became the high contrast polarization imaging detector with integral field spectrograph at near infrared wavelengths. In addition, newly installed C-RED-1 detector with a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal (FLC) became the first near-IR instrument to allow fast(~1kHz) polarization observation on a large telescope. Our instrument upgrade serve as a technical and scientific precursor to polarimetric imaging of circumstellar materials with the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT).

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

星の生と死に関わる情報を引き出すための「偏光観測機能」を、すばる望遠鏡に搭載された極限補償光学システム「SCExAO」に追加することに成功した。若い恒星を取り巻く原始惑星系円盤や、年老いた晩期型星の質量放出現象の観測をより詳細に進めることができるようになり、星の進化の普遍性や多様性への解明が進むと期待できる。本研究の進展は、我々の太陽系の成り立ち(過去)と終焉(未来)の理解にも繋がる。また、これまでに実現できた偏光観測や解析のノウハウ、機械系のアップグレード、制御系アルゴリズムの実装等における技術的成果も、建設予定である30mTMT望遠鏡を用いた高精度偏光観測への実現に繋がる。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr./Caltech/Princeton Univ.(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Univ. of Sydney(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Leiden Observatory(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur/Observatoire de Paris(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] University of Victoria(カナダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Univ. of Sydney(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Caltech/NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr./Princeton Univ.(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Leiden Observatory(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Univ. of Sydney(オーストラリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Caltech/NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr./Princeton Univ.(米国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Leiden Observatory(オランダ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur(フランス)
• [Journal Article] Direct imaging and astrometric detection of a gas giant planet orbiting an accelerating star (2023)
  • Author(s): Currie Thayne、Brandt G. Mirek、Brandt Timothy D.、Lacy Brianna、Burrows Adam、Guyon Olivier、Tamura Motohide、Liu Ranger Y.、Sagynbayeva Sabina、Tobin Taylor、Chilcote Jeffrey、Groff Tyler、Marois Christian、Thompson William、Murphy Simon J.、Kuzuhara Masayuki、Lawson Kellen、Lozi Julien、、、Kudo Tomoyuki、et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 380 Issue: 6641 Pages: 198-203
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.abo6192
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] High contrast and high angular imaging at Subaru Telescope (2022)
  • Author(s): Guyon Olivier、Ahn Kyohoon、Akiyama Masayuki、Currie Thayne、Deo Vincent、Hattori Takashi、Kudo Tomoyuki、Lozi Julien、Minowa Yosuke、Ono Yoshito .、Skaf Nour、Tamura Motohide、Vievard Sebastien
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE 12185, Adaptive Optics Systems VIII, 121856J (29 August 2022) Volume: - Pages: 248-248
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2630534
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Images of embedded Jovian planet formation at a wide separation around AB Aurigae (2022)
  • Author(s): Currie T., Lawson K., Schneider G., Lyra W., Wisniewski J., Grady C., Guyon O., Tamura M., Kotani T., Kawahara H., Brandt T., Uyama T., Muto T., Dong R., Kudo T., Hashimoto J., Fukagawa M., Wagner K., Lozi J., Chilcote J., Tobin T., Groff T., Ward-Duong K., Januszewski W., Norris B., Tuthill P., et al.
  • Journal Title: Nature Astronomy Volume: 6 Issue: 6 Pages: 751-759
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41550-022-01634-x
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Full characterization of the instrumental polarization effects of the spectropolarimetric mode of SCExAO/CHARIS (2021)
  • Author(s): 't Hart Joost、van Holstein Rob G.、Bos Steven、Ruigrok Jasper、Snik Frans、Lozi Julien、Guyon Olivier、Kudo Tomoyuki、et al.
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE 11833, Polarization Science and Remote Sensing X, 118330O (9 August 2021) Volume: - Pages: 32-32
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2602859
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] New NIR spectro-polarimetric modes for the SCExAO instrument (2020)
  • Author(s): Julien Lozi, Olivier Guyon, Tomoyuki Kudo, Jin Zhang, Nemanja Jovanovic, Barnaby Norris, Marc-Antoine Martinod, Tyler D. Groff, Jeffrey Chilcote, Motohide Tamura, Steven Bos, Frans Snik, Sebastien Vievard, Ananya Sahoo, Vincent Deo, Frantz Martinache, Jeremy Kasdin
  • Journal Title: Proc. SPIE 11448, Adaptive Optics Systems VII Volume: 11448 Pages: 304-304
  • DOI: 10.1117/12.2562792
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] すばる望遠鏡用極限補償光学装置SCExAOによる高速偏光撮像モードの開発 (2022)
  • Author(s): 工藤智幸, Lozi Julien, Deo Vincent (国立天文台ハワイ観測所), Guyon Olivier (国立天文台ハワイ 観測所 / アリゾナ大学/ アストロバイオロジーセンター), Norris Barnaby (シドニー大学) ほか、Subaru/SCExAO team.
  • Organizer: 2022年度 日本天文学会 秋季年会
• [Presentation] Fast NIR Polarimetric Differential Imaging modes on Subaru/SCExAO. (2022)
  • Author(s): T. Kudo, J. Lozi, V. Deo (Subaru/NAOJ), O. Guyon (Subaru/ABC/Univ. of Arizona), B. Norris (Univ. of Sydney), J. Hashimoto (ABC) and Subaru/SCExAO team.
  • Organizer: In the Spirit of Lyot 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] High contrast and high angular imaging at Subaru Telescope (2022)
  • Author(s): Guyon Olivier、Ahn Kyohoon、Akiyama Masayuki、Currie Thayne、Deo Vincent、Hattori Takashi、Kudo Tomoyuki、Lozi Julien、Minowa Yosuke、Ono Yoshito .、Skaf Nour、Tamura Motohide、Vievard Sebastien
  • Organizer: SPIE 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Remarks] Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics
  • URL: https://www.naoj.org/Projects/SCEXAO/scexaoWEB/000home.web/indexm.html
• [Remarks] すばる望遠鏡が捉えた、生まれつつある惑星
  • URL: https://subarutelescope.org/jp/results/2022/04/04/3038.html