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Understanding Thermal Evolution through Experimental Constraints on Conduction Properties in the Earth's Outer and Inner Core

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00716
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 17:Earth and planetary science and related fields
Research InstitutionTokyo Institute of Technology

Principal Investigator

Kenji Ohta  東京工業大学, 理学院, 准教授 (20727218)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 伊藤 正一  京都大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (60397023)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥45,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,590,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥7,800,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,800,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥8,580,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,980,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥19,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,500,000)
Keywords地球中心核 / 電気抵抗率 / 熱伝導率 / 粘性率 / 鉄合金 / ダイヤモンドアンビルセル / 二次イオン質量分析法 / 自己拡散係数 / 輸送特性 / 高温高圧実験 / 鉄 / 電気伝導度 / SIMS
Outline of Research at the Start

高温高圧環境の地球中心から地表へと向かう熱流は、外核とマントルの対流を誘起し、約40億年続くとされる地球ダイナモやプレート運動などの原動力となっている。熱伝導率や電気伝導度、粘性率などの輸送特性は地球内部の温度構造と熱進化、ダイナミクスを探るための基礎的な物理量だが、地球核の環境での測定例は極めて少ない。本研究は、核を構成する鉄合金の液体、固体状態での熱輸送特性を実際の地球核の温度圧力条件における実験から制約する。実験で得られた核構成物質の電気・熱伝導率と構成物質中の元素の自己拡散係数から、初期地球温度とその冷却過程、内核の誕生時期とダイナミクスなどの地球の熱進化に制約を与えることを目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study is to clarify the transport properties of the Earth's core from high-pressure experiments and to promote the understanding of the thermal evolution process of the Earth. 4 years of research have established several methods to determine the electrical and thermal conductivity and self-diffusion coefficient of the iron alloy that makes up the core under high-pressure conditions. As a result, we succeeded in determining the electrical resistivity of liquid iron and the thermal conductivity of solid iron under actual Earth's core conditions, achieving a major breakthrough. The determination of the diffusion coefficient of Ni in iron-light element alloys has also provided new constraints on the viscosity of the Earth's inner core. It can be said that a consensus among researchers has been reached on the magnitude of the conductivity of the Earth's core, which was disputed at the beginning of this study.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

地球中心核を構成する物質の輸送特性は内核の年齢など地球の構造進化史を解明する上で重要な物性値である。しかし、地球中心核に相当する条件での物質の輸送特性(電気・熱伝導率、粘性率)は実験による制約が難しい物性であった。本研究の結果から結論付けられる重要な知見は、地球中心核の伝導度がこれまでの予想の上限値に近く、内核は10億歳以下の年齢で、熱対流を起こさないということである。このことを実証するような地球物理学的観測と古地磁気観測結果が今後更に展開されていくだろう。本研究の成果から新たに湧き上がる疑問は今後の別の課題として提案されていく。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (41 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (17 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 17 results,  Open Access: 5 results) Presentation (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Invited: 2 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (8 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Colombia University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Colombia University(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Oslo(ノルウェー)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Thermal conductivity of platinum and periclase under extreme conditions of pressure and temperature2023

    • Author(s)
      Hasegawa Akira、Ohta Kenji、Yagi Takashi、Hirose Kei
    • Journal Title

      High Pressure Research

      Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Pages: 68-80

    • DOI

      10.1080/08957959.2023.2193892

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Measuring the electrical resistivity of liquid iron to 1.4 Mbar2023

    • Author(s)
      Ohta Kenji, Suehiro Sho, Kawaguchi Saori, Okuda Yoshiyuki, Wakamatsu Tatsuya, Hirose Kei, Ohishi Yasuo, Manabu Kodama, Hirai Shuichiro, Azuma Shintaro
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: -

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Compressional wave velocity for iron hydrides to 100 gigapascals via picosecond acoustics2022

    • Author(s)
      Wakamatsu Tatsuya、Ohta Kenji、Tagawa Shoh、Yagi Takashi、Hirose Kei、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Physics and Chemistry of Minerals

      Volume: 49 Issue: 5 Pages: 17-17

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00269-022-01192-8

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Viscosity of Earth’s inner core constrained by Fe-Ni interdiffusion in Fe-Si alloy in an internal-resistive-heated diamond anvil cell2022

    • Author(s)
      Park, Y., Yonemitsu, K., Hirose, K., Kuwayama, Y., Azuma, S., Ohta, K.,
    • Journal Title

      American Mineralogist

      Volume: - Issue: 6 Pages: 1064-1071

    • DOI

      10.2138/am-2022-8541

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Persistent Spin-Orbit Mott Insulating State in Highly Compressed Post-Perovskite CaIrO32022

    • Author(s)
      Aoyama Takuya、Ohta Kenji、Shimizu Katsuya、Ohgushi Kenya
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Physical Society of Japan

      Volume: 91 Issue: 4 Pages: 045003-045003

    • DOI

      10.7566/jpsj.91.045003

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Low-spin ferric iron in primordial bridgmanite crystallized from a deep magma ocean2021

    • Author(s)
      Okuda Yoshiyuki、Ohta Kenji、Nishihara Yu、Hirao Naohisa、Wakamatsu Tatsuya、Suehiro Sho、Kawaguchi Saori I.、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 19471-19471

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-98991-w

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Numerous chondritic impactors and oxidized magma ocean set Earth’s volatile depletion2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakuraba Haruka、Kurokawa Hiroyuki、Genda Hidenori、Ohta Kenji
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 20894-20894

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-99240-w

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Thermal conductivity of CaSiO3 perovskite at lower mantle conditions2021

    • Author(s)
      Zhang Zhen、Zhang Dong-Bo、Onga Kotaro、Hasegawa Akira、Ohta Kenji、Hirose Kei、Wentzcovitch Renata M.
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review B

      Volume: 104 Issue: 18 Pages: 184101-184101

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevb.104.184101

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A cylindrical SiC heater for an externally heated diamond anvil cell to 1500 K2021

    • Author(s)
      Okuda Yoshiyuki、Kimura Seiji、Ohta Kenji、Park Yohan、Wakamatsu Tatsuya、Mashino Izumi、Hirose Kei
    • Journal Title

      Review of Scientific Instruments

      Volume: 92 Issue: 1 Pages: 015119-015119

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0036551

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The thermal conductivity of the Earth's core and implications for its thermal and compositional evolution2020

    • Author(s)
      Ohta Kenji、Hirose Kei
    • Journal Title

      National Science Review

      Volume: 8 Issue: 4

    • DOI

      10.1093/nsr/nwaa303

    • NAID

      120007140334

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Thermal conductivity of Fe-bearing post-perovskite in the Earth's lowermost mantle2020

    • Author(s)
      Okuda Yoshiyuki、Ohta Kenji、Hasegawa Akira、Yagi Takashi、Hirose Kei、Kawaguchi Saori I.、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Earth and Planetary Science Letters

      Volume: 547 Pages: 116466-116466

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116466

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Laboratory-based x-ray computed tomography for 3D imaging of samples in a diamond anvil cell in situ at high pressures2020

    • Author(s)
      Ohta Kenji、Wakamatsu Tatsuya、Kodama Manabu、Kawamura Katsuyuki、Hirai Shuichiro
    • Journal Title

      Review of Scientific Instruments

      Volume: 91 Issue: 9 Pages: 093703-093703

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0014486

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Anomalous compressibility in (Fe,Al)-bearing bridgmanite: implications for the spin state of iron2020

    • Author(s)
      Okuda Yoshiyuki、Ohta Kenji、Sinmyo Ryosuke、Hirose Kei、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Physics and Chemistry of Minerals

      Volume: 47 Issue: 9 Pages: 40-40

    • DOI

      10.1007/s00269-020-01109-3

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Resistivity saturation of hcp Fe-Si alloys in an internally heated diamond anvil cell: A key to assessing the Earth's core conductivity2020

    • Author(s)
      Inoue Hayato、Suehiro Sho、Ohta Kenji、Hirose Kei、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      Earth and Planetary Science Letters

      Volume: 543 Pages: 116357-116357

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116357

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] High-temperature electrical resistivity measurements of hcp iron to Mbar pressure in an internally resistive heated diamond anvil cell2019

    • Author(s)
      Suehiro Sho、Wakamatsu Tatsuya、Ohta Kenji、Hirose Kei、Ohishi Yasuo
    • Journal Title

      High Pressure Research

      Volume: 39 Issue: 4 Pages: 579-587

    • DOI

      10.1080/08957959.2019.1692008

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Hydrogen-Storing Salt NaCl(H2) Synthesized at High Pressure and High Temperature2019

    • Author(s)
      Matsuoka Takahiro、Muraoka Shu、Ishikawa Takahiro、Niwa Ken、Ohta Kenji、Hirao Naohisa、Kawaguchi Saori、Ohishi Yasuo、Shimizu Katsuya、Sasaki Shigeo
    • Journal Title

      The Journal of Physical Chemistry C

      Volume: 123 Issue: 41 Pages: 25074-25080

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b06639

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Combination of pulsed light heating thermoreflectance and laser-heated diamond anvil cell for in-situ high pressure-temperature thermal diffusivity measurements2019

    • Author(s)
      Akira Hasegawa, Takashi Yagi, Kenji Ohta
    • Journal Title

      Review of Scientific Instruments

      Volume: 90 Issue: 7 Pages: 74901-74901

    • DOI

      10.1063/1.5093343

    • NAID

      120006889163

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Electrical and thermal conductivity of iron under extreme conditions2022

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta
    • Organizer
      OPIC2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Measuring the electrical resistivity of liquid iron at the pressures of planetary cores2022

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta
    • Organizer
      SEDI 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Inversion of the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity of hcp iron under high pressure2022

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta
    • Organizer
      AIRAPT 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 地球コア相当の高圧力条件における鉄の熱伝導率とローレンツ数2021

    • Author(s)
      長谷川暉、太田健二、八木貴志、廣瀬敬、大石泰生
    • Organizer
      第62回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 高圧溶融鉄の電気抵抗率2021

    • Author(s)
      太田健二、末廣翔、河口沙織、奥田善之、若松達也、廣瀬敬、大石泰生
    • Organizer
      第62回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Advances in a high pressure-temperature experiment for understanding thermal transport property of the Earth’s core2020

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta, Sho Suehiro, Hayato Inoue, Akira Hasegawa
    • Organizer
      Japan Geophysical Union Annual Meeting
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Evaluating self-diffusion coefficient of iron under high pressure by a combination of resistive-heated diamond anvil cell and secondary ion mass spectrometry2019

    • Author(s)
      Yohan Park, Kenji Ohta, Shoichi Itoh, Kei Hirose
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] In-situ high-pressure geometry observation on sample in a diamond anvil cell using X-ray CT technique2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta, Manabu Kodama, Yutaro Matsuki, Katsuyuki Kawamura, Shuichiro Hirai
    • Organizer
      日本高圧力学会第60回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Sound velocity measurements on hcp-FeHx (x<1) under high pressures by femtosecond pulse laser pump-probe technique2019

    • Author(s)
      Tatsuya Wakamatsu, Kenji Ohta, Shoh Tagawa, Takashi Yagi, Kei Hirose, Yasuo Ohishi
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Electrical resistivity of fcc phase of iron hydrides at high pressures and temperatures2019

    • Author(s)
      Kenji Ohta, Sho Suehiro, Kei Hirose, Yasuo Ohishi
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Electrical resistivity saturation in Fe-Si alloys at high P-T conditions2019

    • Author(s)
      Hayato Inoue, Sho Suehiro, Kenji Ohta, Kei Hirose, Yasuo Ohishi
    • Organizer
      American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Measurement of electrical resistivity of melting iron at high P-T conditions2019

    • Author(s)
      Sho Suehiro, Tatsuya Wakamatsu, Kenji Ohta, Kei Hirose, Yasuo Ohishi
    • Organizer
      日本高圧力学会第60回高圧討論会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 高圧力の科学・技術事典2022

    • Author(s)
      日本高圧力学会
    • Total Pages
      500
    • Publisher
      朝倉書店
    • ISBN
      9784254102970
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Kenji Ohta's HP

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/kenji-ohta

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] researchmap

    • URL

      https://researchmap.jp/7000018082

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 太田健二のホームページ

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/kenji-ohta

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 東京工業大学理学院地球惑星科学系太田研究室のホームページ

    • URL

      http://www.geo.titech.ac.jp/lab/ohta/Ohta_Lab._HP/Ohta_Lab_Home.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Kenji Ohta's Homepage

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/kenji-ohta

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 東京工業大学理学院地球惑星科学系太田研究室ホームページ

    • URL

      http://www.geo.titech.ac.jp/lab/ohta/Ohta_Lab._HP/Ohta_Lab_Home.html

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 太田健二 個人ホームページ

    • URL

      https://sites.google.com/view/kenji-ohta/home?authuser=0

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 京都大学大学院理学研究科 地球惑星科学専攻 宇宙地球化学分科 宇宙地球化学講座

    • URL

      http://www.kueps.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~web-geochem/

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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