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Testing the "local feedback hypothesis" as a basic mechanism of memory in the single identified neuron

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H00998
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Medium-sized Section 44:Biology at cellular to organismal levels, and related fields
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Principal Investigator

Yoshihara Motojiro  国立研究開発法人情報通信研究機構, 未来ICT研究所神戸フロンティア研究センター, 上席研究員 (80222397)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥45,760,000 (Direct Cost: ¥35,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥10,560,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥8,840,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,040,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥17,550,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,050,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥19,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥14,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,470,000)
Keywordsローカルフィードバック仮説 / フィーディング・ニューロン / ショウジョウバエ / 記憶 / シナプス可塑性 / 連合学習 / パブロフ条件反射 / コマンドニューロン
Outline of Research at the Start

記憶の素過程と想定されるニューロン同士のつながり形成については、まだよくわかっていない。その機構として、申請者は”ローカルフィードバック仮説”を案出した(Science, 2005)。このミクロの細胞機能をマクロの行動に結びつけるため、ショウジョウバエの摂食行動を司令する”フィーディング・ニューロン”を発見した(Nature, 2013)。さらに、脳内を見ながら機械刺激を摂食行動に連合するパブロフの条件付けに成功し、条件付けに伴うフィーディング・ニューロンの活動性変化を確認した(発表準備中)。この記憶のミクロとマクロの対応により仮説を検証し、記憶の分子細胞機構を解明する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

As a basic principle of memory, I have thought out “local feedback hypothesis” (Science, 2005). To correlate the cellular change depicted in the hypothesis to behavioral changes, we have identified the feeding neuron, which commands feeding behavior in Drosophila brain (Nature, 2013). In this study, we have established an experimental system of Pavlovian conditioning, where mechanical stimulation is associated to feeding behavior. We found that mechanical stimulation highjacks the feeding neuron through change in input onto the feeding neuron during the conditioning (Curr. Biol., 2021). Taking advantage of this experimental system, which allows subcellular analysis of the feeding neuron during the conditioning, we discovered the first "engram synapse" carrying the memory at the real time.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の成果は、記憶の細胞レベルでのリアルタイム観察を初めて可能にする実験系を確立したことである。それは、歴史上初めての記憶の脳内実体(エングラム)の発見につながり、さらには研究代表者が案出した仮説を検証することを可能にするため、記憶の基本原理が明らかになることが期待される。その学術的意味にとどまらず、本研究は、脳内記憶素子であるニューロンの情報処理の記憶時の変化を初めて明らかにすることのできる研究であるため、その知見をAIなどの情報工学ならびに、医学へも応用可能という社会的意義を持つ。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Comments on the Screening Results   Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results) Remarks (3 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] マサチューセッツ工科大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] マサチューセッツ工科大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Alteration in information flow through a pair of feeding command neurons underlies a form of Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakurai Akira、Littleton J. Troy、Kojima Hiroaki、Yoshihara Motojiro
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 31 Issue: 18 Pages: 4163-4171

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.021

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Synaptotagmin 7 switches short-term synaptic plasticity from depression to facilitation by suppressing synaptic transmission2021

    • Author(s)
      Fujii Takaaki、Sakurai Akira、Littleton J. Troy、Yoshihara Motojiro
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 4059-4059

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-83397-5

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Functional change of a feeding command neuron underlies Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2020

    • Author(s)
      Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      新学術"スクラップ&ビルド"班会議
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] A neural correlate of Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2019

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai1,, J. Troy Littleton, Hiroaki Kojima, and Motojiro Yoshihara
    • Organizer
      Cold Spring Harbor Symposium, Neurobiology of Drosophila
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Synaptotagmin 7 suppresses synaptic transmission and is not the high affinity Ca2+ sensor for facilitation or asynchronous release at Drosophila embryonic NMJs2019

    • Author(s)
      Takaaki Fujii, Akira Sakurai, Akemi Kishi, J. Troy Littleton, and Motojiro Yoshihara
    • Organizer
      Cold Spring Harbor Symposium, Neurobiology of Drosophila
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Feeding command neuron is a modification site in the Drosophila feeding neural circuit.2019

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai, Hiroaki Kojima, Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      第42回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Drosophila feeding circuit to connect synaptic plasticity to memory2019

    • Author(s)
      Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      新学術"スクラップ&ビルド"班会議
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Yoshihara lab

    • URL

      http://www2.nict.go.jp/frontier/memory/MotoPage2.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] プレスリリース、「脳の短期記憶のスイッチメカニズムを発見」

    • URL

      https://www.nict.go.jp/press/2021/03/01-2.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] プレスリリース、「パブロフ条件反射の正体を発見」

    • URL

      https://www.nict.go.jp/press/2021/08/05-1.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 条件付けに用いる刺激の付与方法、試験の方法、方法を実施する装置、及び、脳灌流液2021

    • Inventor(s)
      櫻井晃、吉原基二郎
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      櫻井晃、吉原基二郎
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2021-171185
    • Filing Date
      2021
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 先合いばさみ2020

    • Inventor(s)
      吉原基二郎
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      吉原基二郎
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2020-029436
    • Filing Date
      2020
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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