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Transnational Diffusion and Evolution of Legal Norms

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H01408
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 05010:Legal theory and history-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Masayuki Tamaruya  東京大学, 大学院法学政治学研究科(法学部), 教授 (70323623)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 大林 啓吾  慶應義塾大学, 法学部(三田), 教授 (70453694)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2023: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Keywords法の伝播 / 憲法 / 信認法 / 表現の自由 / プロセス理論 / トランスナショナル・ロー / 信託法 / 法の伝播と変容 / トランスナショナルな法 / 生ける法 / フィデューシャリー法 / ガバナンス / 民主過程 / 憲法と尊厳 / 信託 / フィデューシャリー / 財産管理・財産承継 / コロナ感染症 / 移民政策 / 司法審査 / 比較法 / パブリックフォーラム
Outline of Research at the Start

今日の法秩序は、各国の内部では完結せず、国と国の関係を前提とした国際法でも規律しきれるものではない。国境を超えた法の展開は、国家の立法・行政・司法を通じた法の定立・執行・裁判に加え、市民やNGOの社会活動、企業や市場のプレーヤーの経済活動の中でのインフォーマルな規範形成をふまえて初めて理解できる。本研究は、その規範形成のメカニズムを、移民・団体のガバナンス・憲法規範など具体的なテーマから検討する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have conducted cross-disciplinary research on the international diffusion and transformation of law and norms, ranging from private law of trusts, corporate governance, and non-profits, to public law of constitutional law and administrative regulations including infectious disease control. We were able to advance our research not only on the traditional framework of legal transplants and the comparative laws of donor and recipient countries, but also on the dynamics of transnational legal transformation in light of the interrelationships among multiple countries and regions. We were able to deepen our research and publish our findings by organizing and participating in conferences bringing together many overseas researchers on themes such as transnational trust law, Asia-Pacific trust law, and comparative political process theory. Through these processes, we were able to examine the role of Japanese law in global issues and publish our findings internationally.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

今日の比較法は、比較対象となる国々も英米独仏に限らず、幅広いコモン・ロー、大陸諸国、さらにグローバル・サウスの諸国も包含する必要がある一方で、法分野も多様化・専門化が著しい。そうした中で本研究では、比較法研究者と憲法を中心とした実定法研究者が協力し、またそれぞれの人脈を生かした国内外の研究者との共同研究を展開し、トランスナショナルな法の変容という比較を進めてゆくことができた。国際的な法の展開についてその複雑さと多層性を取り込んだ研究をすることができるとともに、日本法の国際的な法秩序形成における意義・役割を問い直す試みを、邦語・英語の両面で展開できたことは極めて意義が大きかったと考えている。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (65 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (25 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 7 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (26 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 26 results,  Invited: 23 results) Book (13 results) Funded Workshop (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] 高齢者の財産管理の展望――アメリカ信託法からの示唆2023

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      公証法学

      Volume: 50 Pages: 117-141

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 表現者の主観的意図を考慮せずに客観的基準に基づいて脅迫罪を適用することは表現の自由を侵害するとした事例2023

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      判例時報

      Volume: 2568 Pages: 114-115

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 広告看板の敷地内で事業が行われていない場合には広告看板のデジタル化等を認めないオースティン市の条例が表現の自由を侵害するかどうかが争われた事件につき、本件規制は内容規制に当たらないとして原審に差し戻した事例 : レーガンナショナル広告会社判決2023

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      判例時報

      Volume: 2550 Pages: 102-103

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 比較法の視点から見る信託法研究と実際(新井誠教授との対談)2023

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      信託フォーラム

      Volume: 20 Pages: 4-13

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 世界の選挙事情―アメリカ国政選挙2022

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      Voters

      Volume: 67 Pages: 22-23

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] アリゾナ州の選挙規制(投票区規制と集票規制)が投票権法に違反するかどうかが争われた事例2022

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      判例時報

      Volume: 2512 Pages: 120-121

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 信託法の世界的変容と日本法――法人と相続との制度間競争を軸に2022

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      信託法研究

      Volume: 46 Pages: 49-66

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 公益団体のガバナンスと成長――日米比較からの問題提起(上)2022

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      法律時報

      Volume: 94(2) Pages: 92-96

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 公益団体のガバナンスと成長――日米比較からの問題提起(下)2022

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      法律時報

      Volume: 94(3) Pages: 83-87

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 契約とContract2021

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      法学教室

      Volume: 488 Pages: 4-7

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] シンポジウム:裁判手続とIT化――情報開示と個人情報保護:シンポジウム趣旨2021

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      アメリカ法

      Volume: 2020-2 Pages: 167-168

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 至高の判決と判決の思考――アメリカの同性婚訴訟を素材として2021

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      法学セミナー

      Volume: 66(9) Pages: 14-20

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 新型コロナの憲法問題に関する覚書―ロックダウンとワクチンを中心にして2021

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      千葉大学法学論集

      Volume: 36(2) Pages: 148-149

    • NAID

      120007168826

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 外国法の参照・日本法の参照2020

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      法律時報

      Volume: 92巻4号 Pages: 42-48

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] シンポジウム:トランプ大統領と法の支配――トラベル・バンと差止命令を巡って2020

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾・溜箭将之
    • Journal Title

      アメリカ法

      Volume: 2019-2 Pages: 131-134

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] オリンピック開催のリスク分析――信託的立憲主義の観点から2020

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      法学セミナー

      Volume: 65(8) Pages: 12-17

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 党派的ゲリマンダリングの問題はそれが違憲かどうかを判断する法的基準を見つけることができず、司法判断適合性に欠けるため、政治問題の法理を適用して判断を回避した事例 ――ルチョ対コモンコーズ判決2020

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      判例時報

      Volume: 2438 Pages: 118-119

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 入国禁止令と司法審査2020

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Journal Title

      アメリカ法

      Volume: 2019-2 Pages: 183-202

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] シンポジウム トランプ大統領と法の支配 : トラベル・バンと差止命令を巡って2020

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾、溜箭将之他
    • Journal Title

      アメリカ法

      Volume: 2019-2 Pages: 131-227

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 外国法の参照・日本法の参照2020

    • Author(s)
      溜箭 将之
    • Journal Title

      法律時報

      Volume: 92(4) Pages: 42-48

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] The Japanese Law of Fiduciaries from Comparative and Transnational Perspectives2020

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya & Mutsuhiko Yukioka
    • Journal Title

      UC Irvine Journal of International, Transnational, and Comparative Law

      Volume: 5 Pages: 135-162

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 信託と遺留分の相克は解けないか――一英米法研究者の思考実験2020

    • Author(s)
      溜箭 将之
    • Journal Title

      立教法学

      Volume: 101 Pages: 94-107

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Japanese Wealth Management and the Transformation of the Law of Trusts and Succession2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Journal Title

      Trust Law International

      Volume: 33 Pages: 147-162

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 政府が開設したフェイスブックページはパブリックフォーラムに当たるとし、その批判者をブロックすることは観点差別であって表現の自由を侵害するとした事例ーーデイビソン判決2019

    • Author(s)
      大林 啓吾
    • Journal Title

      判例時報

      Volume: 2399 Pages: 117-118

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] 敵意の法理2019

    • Author(s)
      大林 啓吾
    • Journal Title

      千葉大学法学論集

      Volume: 33巻3・4号 Pages: 1-52

    • NAID

      120006643118

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Donor Advised Funds & Community Foundations: An Asia-Pacific Comparison of Public Philanthropic Intermediaries2024

    • Author(s)
      Ian Murray & Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Charity Law Association for Australia and New Zealand
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Political Process Theory Is Not Utility Knife: CPPT, Constitutional Theory and Judicial Review in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      Symposium: The New Comparative Political Process Theory at Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Boundaries of Japanese Trust Law: Family Trusts, Crypto Assets, and Cross-border Contexts2023

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya and Hitoshi Kimura
    • Organizer
      Asia-Pacific Trust Law Conference 2023: Boundaries in Contexts (The University of Tokyo)
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Influence of Political Process Theory to Japan2022

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      The Global Summit on Constitutionalism
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Japanese Nonprofits and Governance Challenges: Past Reforms and Current Debates,2022

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Harvard Law School East Asian Legal Studies Program Japanese Law Conference
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Japanese Nonprofits and Governance Challenges: Past Reforms and Current Debates2022

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Charity Law Workshop
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Stewardship Codes and their Transnational Contexts2022

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Symposium: Global Shareholder Stewardship (University of Tokyo)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] ESG in Japan: A Case of a Mixed Legal System2022

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya & Mutsuhiko Yukioka
    • Organizer
      ESG Conference (Bucerius Law School)
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Weak Free Speech: Japanese Free Speech Law Comparing U.S. Approach2022

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      Seventh Annual ACS Constitutional Law Scholars Forum, Virtual Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 『同性婚訴訟――家族の多様化と世界的変化の中で』趣旨説明2021

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Organizer
      日米法学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Quarantine: A transnational evolution of anti-pandemic measures2021

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      14th BESETO Annual Conference,
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Accessory liability and tracing: Japanese trust law’s adaptation in the present-day contexts,2021

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Asia-Pacific Trust Law: Adaptation in Context, Seoul National University, online
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Settlor Control and Beneficial Interests: Convergence and Divergence from a Comparative Perspective2021

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      The Interface between Trust Law and Contract Law in Express Trusts, Hong Kong Commercial and Maritime Law Centre, City University of Hong Kong
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Accessory liability and tracing: Japanese trust law’s adaptation in the present-day contexts2021

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Seoul National University & University of Tokyo Trust Law Workshop (online)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] An Overview of the Japanese Free Speech Law and Its Implication for Hate Speech Regulation2021

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      Freedom of Speech Research Group, International Association of Constitutional Law
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Trust Law’s Transnational Evolution: The Nature of the Beneficiary’s Interest2021

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      The Asian Trust and Succession Law Workshop 2021
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report 2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 裁判における情報の保護と活用――日米比較と実証研究2020

    • Author(s)
      溜箭将之
    • Organizer
      日米法学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] トランプ大統領と法の支配 : トラベル・バンと差止命令を巡って2019

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾、溜箭将之
    • Organizer
      日米法学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Japanese, East Asian, and Transnational Fiduciary Orders2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      International Fiduciary Workshop Cambridge 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Law and Practice of Trust in Japan:The Trends in Commercial Trust and the Rise of Family Trust2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Contemporary Issues in the Law of Trusts in Asia
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Japanese Wealth Management and the Transformation of the Law of Trusts and Succession2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Asian Wealth and the Global Context
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Japanese Law of Fiduciaries from Comparative and Transnational Perspectives2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya & Mutsuhiko Yukioka
    • Organizer
      Transnational Fiduciary Law Workshop
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] The Transformation of Japanese Trust Law and Practice: Historical Contexts and Future Challenges2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Asia-Pacific Trusts Law Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] A Comparative and Conceptual Synthesis of Fiduciary Norms The History and the Recent Reform of Japanese Law on Non-Profit Organization2019

    • Author(s)
      Masayuki Tamaruya
    • Organizer
      Firm Governance: The Anatomy of Fiduciary Organizations in Business
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Trust Your Government?: The Meaning of "Trust" in the Constitution of Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      Tenth Annual Constitutional Law Colloquium at Loyola University Chicago School of Law, Chicago, United States
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Human Dignity as Individualism in the Japanese Constitutional Jurisprudence2019

    • Author(s)
      Keigo Obayashi
    • Organizer
      Law and Society Association 2019 Annual Meeting: Dignity at Hyatt Regency Washington on Capitol Hill, Washington, D.C., United States
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Book] Transnational Fiduciary Law (Japanese, East Asian, and Transnational Fiduciary Orders pp. 188-215執筆)2024

    • Author(s)
      Seth Davis, Thilo Kuntz, and Gregory Shaffer
    • Total Pages
      312
    • Publisher
      Cambridge University Press
    • ISBN
      9781009310321
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Governance and Regulation of Charities: International and Comparative Perspectives (Charity Governance in Japan: Past Reforms and Current Debates, pp. 184-207執筆)2023

    • Author(s)
      Rosemary Teele Langford
    • Total Pages
      304
    • Publisher
      Edward Elgar
    • ISBN
      9781035310739
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Asia-Pacific Trust Law: Vol. 2 Adaptations in Context (Masayuki Tamaruya, Accessory Liability and Tracing: Modern Adaptations of Japanese Trust Law pp. 327-348執筆)2023

    • Author(s)
      Ying Khai Liew & Ying Chieh Wu eds.
    • Total Pages
      416
    • Publisher
      Hart Publishing
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 講座 立憲主義と憲法学 人権Ⅱ 3巻(「第4の壁―表現の自由の社会的機能」105-142頁執筆)2022

    • Author(s)
      毛利透編
    • Total Pages
      320
    • Publisher
      信山社
    • ISBN
      9784797212273
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Human Dignity In Asia: Dialogue Between Law And Culture (Keigo Obayashi, The Development of Individual Dignity in Japan Overcoming Constraints in Law, Family, and Society, pp 40-61 執筆)2022

    • Author(s)
      Jimmy Chia-Shin Hsu ed.
    • Total Pages
      386
    • Publisher
      Cambridge University Press
    • ISBN
      9781108886598
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] "Fiduciary Obligations in Business" ('Fiduciary Law and Japanese Nonprofits: A Historical and Comparative Synthesis')2021

    • Author(s)
      Arthur Laby & Jacob Russell eds.
    • Total Pages
      400
    • Publisher
      Cambridge University Press
    • ISBN
      110848512X
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 『アメリカ憲法と民主政』2021

    • Author(s)
      大沢秀介・大林啓吾編
    • Total Pages
      638
    • Publisher
      成文堂
    • ISBN
      9784792306939
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] "Asia-Pacific Trust Law: Vol. 1 Theory and Practice in Context" ('The Transformation of Japanese Trust Law and Practice: Historical Contexts and Future Challenges')2021

    • Author(s)
      Ying Khai Liew & Matthew Harding eds.
    • Total Pages
      424
    • Publisher
      Hart
    • ISBN
      1509934790
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 『高齢社会における民法・信託法の展開――新井誠先生古稀記念論文集』2021

    • Author(s)
      岡伸浩他編
    • Total Pages
      672
    • Publisher
      日本評論社
    • ISBN
      9784535524521
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 感染症と憲法2021

    • Author(s)
      大林啓吾
    • Total Pages
      284
    • Publisher
      青林書院
    • ISBN
      9784417018087
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 『アメリカ憲法の群像――裁判官編』「ジョン・マーシャル」2020

    • Author(s)
      山本龍彦・大林啓吾
    • Total Pages
      392
    • Publisher
      尚学社
    • ISBN
      9784860311414
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] 各国における遺言執行の理論と実態2020

    • Author(s)
      道垣内弘人
    • Total Pages
      226
    • Publisher
      トラスト未来フォーラム
    • Related Report
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  • [Book] 『フィデューシャリー・デューティーと利益相反』「第3章 米国金融機関に対する司法判断の状況」2019

    • Author(s)
      神作 裕之
    • Total Pages
      322
    • Publisher
      岩波書店
    • ISBN
      9784000613507
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Funded Workshop] 日米法学会「トランプ大統領と法の支配――トラベル・バンと差止命令を巡って」2019

    • Related Report
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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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