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Causes and Consequences of Election Timing: Comparative Analysis of Autocracies and Democracies

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H01447
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
Research InstitutionKochi University of Technology

Principal Investigator

Yanai Yuki  高知工科大学, 経済・マネジメント学群, 准教授 (50580693)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 東島 雅昌  東北大学, 情報科学研究科, 准教授 (10756349)
清水 直樹  高知県立大学, 文化学部, 准教授 (20508725)
鷲田 任邦  東洋大学, 法学部, 准教授 (50744893)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Keywords選挙タイミング / 比較政治学 / 選挙 / 議会制と大統領制 / 民主制と独裁制 / 議会の解散 / 世論 / 選挙操作 / 選挙不正 / 大統領制と議会制 / 比較政治 / 選挙暴力 / 政治体制 / 執政制度
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、選挙タイミングの決定要因とその帰結について、民主制だけでなく、独裁制も対象にして分析する。選挙タイミングの変更が制度的に予定されている議院内閣制の国々だけでなく、選挙タイミングが固定されているはずの大統領制諸国も合わせて分析し、選挙タイミングを包括的に理解することを目指す。具体的には、(1) 選挙タイミングの決定要因、(2) 選挙タイミングが選挙結果などのマクロな政治的結果に与える影響、(3) 選挙タイミングが有権者の態度や行動などのミクロな政治的結果に及ぼす影響の3点を明らかにする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We have studied the causes and consequences of election timing not only for democracies but also for autocracies. We collected original data and analyzed them in the study. Previous studies have not focused on the timing of elections in presidential systems with fixed terms of office. By expanding our attention to dictatorships, we found that changes in the timing of elections are not uncommon even in presidential systems. While previous studies have shown that elections are more likely to occur during boom periods when governments are more likely to win elections, the analysis including dictatorships also showed that governments may try to maintain power by holding elections in times of crisis.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

選挙における最大の関心事は、誰が勝ち、どのような政権が生まれるかという選挙結果であり、選挙結果に影響を及ぼす要因は多数存在する。そのうちの1つが選挙タイミングである。選挙をいつ行うかによって、選挙結果は変わりうる。実施時期によって選挙結果が変わるとすれば、再選を目指す与党は勝ちやすい時期に選挙を実施することを望み、議院内閣制における選挙タイミングは政権与党によって都合よく操作される可能性がある。さらに、選挙タイミングが有権者の選挙に対する評価にも影響を与え、選挙の正当性を揺るがすかもしれない。本研究は、タイミングという観点から民主制と独裁制において選挙が果たす役割を再検討する。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (26 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Presentation (24 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 13 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Presentation] Moralized Attitudes toward Election Timing2023

    • Author(s)
      Jinhyuk Jang and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      JSQPS
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Growth or Virus? Electoral Cycles of Government Policies during the Pandemic2022

    • Author(s)
      東島雅昌, 清水直樹, 矢内勇生, 鷲田任邦
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Moralized Attitudes toward Election Timing2022

    • Author(s)
      Jinhyuk Jang and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      実験社会科学カンファレンス
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Election Timing and Autocrats' Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic2022

    • Author(s)
      Hidekuni Washida and Yuki Yana
    • Organizer
      日本大学法学部政治経済学科 研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Growth or Virus? Anti-Virus Policy, Fiscal Stimulus, and Democratic Advantages in the COVID-19 Pandemic2022

    • Author(s)
      清水直樹, 東島雅昌
    • Organizer
      日本大学法学部政治経済学科 研究会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Structures of Contention and Mass Reactions to Election Timing Maneuvering: Evidence from a Conjoint Experiment in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Higashijima, Naoki Shimizu, Hidekuni Washida, and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Election Timing and Government Response to COVID- 192021

    • Author(s)
      Hidekuni Washida and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Off-Schedule Elections and Popular Attitudes: Dynamic Effects of Election Timing Maneuvering on Public Support2021

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Higashijima, Hisashi Kadoya, Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      International Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Fed up with Elections? A Natural Experiment Using By-elections2021

    • Author(s)
      Sohei Shigemura and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      International Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 民主制と独裁制の垣根を越えた選挙タイミングの包括的分析:Election Timing across Autocracy and Democracy2021

    • Author(s)
      清水直樹, 矢内勇生, 鷲田任邦, 東島雅昌
    • Organizer
      日本選挙学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Mass Reactions to Endogenous Election Timing: Evidence from Conjoint Experiments in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Masaaki Higashijima
    • Organizer
      JPOSS
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Does Manipulating Election Timing Benefit Incumbent Governments? An Analysis of Election Timing and Electoral Results in Democracies and Autocracies2021

    • Author(s)
      Naoki Shimizu
    • Organizer
      International Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 議会解散権の形式的設計と実質的運用:議院内閣制における早期選挙と経済状況2021

    • Author(s)
      鷲田任邦, 今井真士
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Opportunistic Election Timing and Opposition Coordination2021

    • Author(s)
      Hidekuni Washida
    • Organizer
      International Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Costs of Calling Unscheduled Elections in Autocracies2021

    • Author(s)
      Hidekuni Washida
    • Organizer
      Japanese Society for Quantitative Political Science
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] カザフスタンにおけるサーベイ実験データの暫定的分析: 二頭体制、抗議運動、移民そしてCOVID-19への市民の認識2021

    • Author(s)
      東島雅昌
    • Organizer
      北海道大学スラブ・ユーラシア研究センター 客員研究員セミナー
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Fed up with Elections?2020

    • Author(s)
      Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 選挙タイミングの変更による現政権の利益:民主制と独裁制の比較分析2020

    • Author(s)
      清水直樹
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 独裁制における選挙タイミング:独裁者はなぜ経済危機下で選挙を行うのか2020

    • Author(s)
      矢内勇生, 東島雅昌
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Election Timing in Autocracy: When Do Dictators Call Elections?2019

    • Author(s)
      Higashijima, Masaaki, and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      American Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Election Timing in Autocracy: When Do Dictators Call Elections?2019

    • Author(s)
      Higashijima, Masaaki, and Yuki Yanai
    • Organizer
      Midwest Political Science Association
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Effect of Election Timing on Electoral Performance: An Analysis of Japanese Elections2019

    • Author(s)
      Shimizu, Naoki
    • Organizer
      European Consortium for Political Research
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Electoral Manipulation and Political Participation in Malaysia2019

    • Author(s)
      Washida, Hidekuni
    • Organizer
      Consortium for Southeast Asian Studies in Asia
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 選挙に良い結果を与えるのは経済状況か支持率か:日本の選挙データを用いた選挙タイミングと選挙結果の分析2019

    • Author(s)
      清水直樹
    • Organizer
      日本選挙学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Japan Decides 2021: The Japanese Genral Election, Ch.152022

    • Author(s)
      Robert J. Pekkanen, Steven Reed, and Daniel M. Smith
    • Total Pages
      400
    • Publisher
      Palgrave Macmillan
    • ISBN
      9783031113246
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] ETAD

    • URL

      https://github.com/yukiyanai/ETAD

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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