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Experimental Approach for Income Disparity

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H01470
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 07010:Economic theory-related
Research InstitutionWaseda University

Principal Investigator

Shimizu Kazumi  早稲田大学, 政治経済学術院, 教授 (20308133)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 上條 良夫  早稲田大学, 政治経済学術院, 教授 (40453972)
大薗 博記  鹿児島大学, 法文教育学域法文学系, 准教授 (50709467)
後藤 晶  明治大学, 情報コミュニケーション学部, 専任准教授 (80707886)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥10,010,000 (Direct Cost: ¥7,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥2,310,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,730,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥630,000)
Keywords所得格差 / 投資ゲーム / 実験室実験 / オンライン実験 / 構造推定 / ラボ実験 / 実験経済学 / 公平性
Outline of Research at the Start

ここ数十年来,世界的に見て,国家間,国内での所得格差は拡大してきている.社会に大きな
影響を及ぼしうる所得格差のダイナミクス-発生・拡大・縮小-をミクロレベルから説明する理論モデルは管見ながら非常に少なく,そのモデルに基づいた実証研究はほとんどない.
本研究の目的は,所得格差のダイナミクスを,標準的な経済理論のみならず社会心理学・行動経済学の知見を応用しつつ,個人内・個人間・世代間過程としてミクロレベルから明らかにすることである.この研究を推進することができれば重要な社会経済現象の実証研究に資するだけではなく,社会を安定化し,効率的な経済を構築することにも役立つと思われる.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In the present study, we try to determine how the increasing visibility of others’ wealth, which is accelerated by information technology and globalization, affects people’s investment behaviour, wealth accumulation, and wealth satisfaction, by designing an economic experiment with the investment (private goods provision) game and conducting a structural estimation based on the learning model.
We have three main findings. First, the low-ranked people (i.e., poor) are more
likely to invest when a distribution of others’ wealth is visible than when it is not. Second, active investment enables people to move frequently in the economic hierarchy of the group and decreases the wealth disparity. Last, low-ranked people are less satisfied with their final wealth when they are aware of others’ wealth. We can derive an important trade-off between active investment, social mobility, and wealth satisfaction.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

他人の富の可視化が、人々の投資行動、富の蓄積、富の満足度にどのような影響を与えるかに関して,以下のような知見が得られた.第一に、低位者(=貧困者)は、他者分配が行われた場合に他人の富の分配が可視化されている場合には、可視化されていない場合よりも投資を行う可能性が高い。第二に、積極的な投資によって、人々は集団の経済階層を頻繁に移動できるようになり、貧富の格差が減少する。最後に、低ランクの人々は、他人の富を意識すると、最終的な自分の富に対する満足度が低くなる。我々は、積極的投資、社会的流動性、富の満足度の間の重要なトレードオフを導き出すことができた。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020

All Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 11 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (3 results)

  • [Journal Article] Risk-Averse and Self-Interested Shifts in Groups in Both Median and Random Rules,2023

    • Author(s)
      Kamijo, Tamura
    • Journal Title

      Games

      Volume: 14 Pages: 0-10

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Designing division of labor with strategic uncertainty within organizations: Model analysis and a behavioral experiment,2023

    • Author(s)
      Kamijo, Nakama
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Economics & Management Strategy

      Volume: 1 Pages: 0-10

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Effects of experimental situation on group cooperation and individual performance: Comparing laboratory and online experiments2022

    • Author(s)
      Ozono Hiroki、Nakama Daisuke
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Pages: e0267251-e0267251

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0267251

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 学会選挙のオンライン化に関する研究: コロナ禍における社会情報学会選挙から2022

    • Author(s)
      後藤晶, 本田正美, & 岡田勇
    • Journal Title

      社会情報学

      Volume: 10(3) Pages: 31-47

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Bargaining over a jointly produced pie: The effect of the production function on bargaining outcomes2022

    • Author(s)
      Takeuchi Ai、Veszteg Robert F.、Kamijo Yoshio、Funaki Yukihiko
    • Journal Title

      Games and Economic Behavior

      Volume: 134 Pages: 169-198

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.geb.2022.03.016

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] he Trolley Problem and the Ethics of Autonomous Vehicles in the Eyes of the Public: Experimental Evidence2022

    • Author(s)
      Akira Inoue, Kazumi Shimizu, Daisuke Udagawa, and Yoshiki Wakamatsu
    • Journal Title

      Autonomous Vehicles Ethics: The Trolley Problem and Beyond

      Volume: 1 Pages: 1-10

    • DOI

      10.1093/oso/9780197639191.003.0005

    • ISBN
      0197639194, 9780197639191, 9780197639221
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Effects of experimental situation on group cooperation and individual performance: comparing laboratory and online experiments.2022

    • Author(s)
      Ozono, H., & Nakama, D.
    • Journal Title

      Plos one

      Volume: 17(4) Pages: 0-10

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] An Analysis on the Tolerance of Surveillance in the Information Society: Focusing on Surveillance Subject and Media2021

    • Author(s)
      後藤晶
    • Journal Title

      Socio-Informatics

      Volume: 9 Issue: 3 Pages: 17-33

    • DOI

      10.14836/ssi.9.3_17

    • NAID

      130008056343

    • ISSN
      2187-2775, 2432-2148
    • Year and Date
      2021-05-31
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Economic Game Experiment in the Big Data Era: The Implementation of Large-scale Public Goods Game Experiments Using Crowdsourcing2021

    • Author(s)
      後藤晶
    • Journal Title

      情報処理学会論文誌

      Volume: 62 Issue: 5 Pages: 1246-1260

    • DOI

      10.20729/00211093

    • NAID

      170000184881

    • Year and Date
      2021-05-15
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Asymmetric effects of social and economic incentives on cooperation in real effort based public goods games2021

    • Author(s)
      Hackel Jakob、Yamamoto Hitoshi、Okada Isamu、Goto Akira、Taudes Alfred
    • Journal Title

      PLOS ONE

      Volume: 16 Issue: 4 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pone.0249217

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Function of hierarchy on Cooperation in large-scale human societies2021

    • Author(s)
      大薗博記
    • Journal Title

      Japanese Journal of Animal Psychology

      Volume: 71 Issue: 1 Pages: 63-75

    • DOI

      10.2502/janip.71.1.6

    • NAID

      130008055555

    • ISSN
      0916-8419, 1880-9022
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The role of peer reward and punishment for public goods problems in a localized society2020

    • Author(s)
      Ozono Hiroki、Kamijo Yoshio、Shimizu Kazumi
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 8211-8211

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-020-64930-4

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Does time inconsistency differ between gain and loss? An intra-personal comparison using a non-parametric elicitation method2020

    • Author(s)
      Shiba, S., Shimizu, K
    • Journal Title

      Theory and Decision

      Volume: 88 Issue: 3 Pages: 431-452

    • DOI

      10.1007/s11238-019-09728-1

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 武力保持の規定因を探る:保持/不保持選択付き先制攻撃ゲームによる検討2022

    • Author(s)
      大薗博記・仲間大輔
    • Organizer
      日本社会心理学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] パンデミック下における研究方法―コロナ禍における研究・臨床実践を踏まえて―2021

    • Author(s)
      金井嘉宏,田中佑樹,森石千尋,後藤晶,藤本志乃
    • Organizer
      日本健康心理学会第34回大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 情報通信技術を活用した心理学研究と臨床応用2021

    • Author(s)
      山本 哲也,国里 愛彦,北崎 充晃,後藤 晶,松田 壮一郎,山下 裕子,杉浦 義典
    • Organizer
      日本心理学会第85回大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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