Plasma turbulence study by frequency scanning millimeter-wave scattering measurement using additive manufacturing array antenna

• Project/Area Number: 19H01880
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 14020:Nuclear fusion-related
• Research Institution: National Institute for Fusion Science
• Principal Investigator: Tokuzawa Tokihiko 核融合科学研究所, ヘリカル研究部, 准教授 (90311208)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥16,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,840,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥2,990,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥690,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥5,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,380,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
• Keywords: 立体造形 / 3Dプリンタ / アンテナアレイ / 散乱計測 / ドップラーレーダー / プラズマ乱流 / ３Dプリンタ / ３Dプリンター

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、将来の核燃焼炉心内部のような低衝突プラズマにおいてその特性に大きな影響を及ぼすことが予想されている微視的乱流の観測システムを確立するため、(1)3Dプリンターを用いた立体造形によって複雑な三次元構造のアレイアンテナを精密かつ安価に製作し、(2)機械駆動機構が無く高速かつ堅牢に様々な角度にミリ波ビームをスキャンすることのできる周波数走査型のレーダー散乱計測システムを構築し、(3)高温プラズマ実験装置に適用してプラズマの微視的乱流の計測を行い、予測理論研究との比較を行うことにより、新しい乱流物理の知見を得ることを目的とする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Understanding and suppressing turbulence in high-temperature plasmas is important to improve the performance of magnetic confinement plasmas for fusion power reactors, and it is necessary to develop a method to observe turbulence characteristics in detail that can be applied in future high-load severe environments.
In this research, we established a technique to fabricate a phased array antenna that can be composed only of a metal housing without a driving mechanism using a 3D metal printer.　By constructing a Doppler radar system using this antenna as a transmitter/receiver antenna, we were able to develop a method for observing the spatial structure, rotation velocity, and energy spectrum of turbulent flows.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

フェーズドアレイアンテナは社会において通信や防衛など様々な分野で活用されている。本研究で開発を行った漏れ波アレイアンテナは従来からある技術に最新の金属３Dプリンタ―を用いた造形技術を組合わせることによって、初めて実現することができた。立体造形ならではの構造物の実現化とそれによる科学的成果の現実化を示した例であると言える。プラズマ物理研究においてもこの新しいアンテナを用いた観測技法によりこれまでに観測することができなかった乱流のエネルギースペクトルの時空間構造変化を調べられることとなり、これから新たな物理的な知見が得られると期待できる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] 3D metal powder additive manufacturing phased array antenna for multichannel Doppler reflectometer (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokuzawa T.、Nasu T.、Inagaki S.、Moon C.、Ido T.、Idei H.、Ejiri A.、Imazawa R.、Yoshida M.、Oyama N.、Tanaka K.、Ida K.
  • Journal Title: Review of Scientific Instruments Volume: 93 Issue: 11 Pages: 113535-113535
  • DOI: 10.1063/5.0101723
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Application of Dual Frequency Comb Method as an Approach to Improve the Performance of Multi-Frequency Simultaneous Radiation Doppler Radar for High Temperature Plasma Diagnostics (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokuzawa Tokihiko、Inagaki Shigeru、Inomoto Michiaki、Ejiri Akira、Nasu Tatsuhiro、Tsujimura Toru Ii、Ida Katsumi
  • Journal Title: Applied Sciences Volume: 12 Issue: 9 Pages: 4744-4744
  • DOI: 10.3390/app12094744
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Receiver circuit improvement of dual frequency-comb ka-band Doppler backscattering system in the large helical device (LHD) (2022)
  • Author(s): Nasu T.、Tokuzawa T.、Tsujimura T. I.、Ida K.、Yoshinuma M.、Kobayashi T.、Tanaka K.、Emoto M.、Inagaki S.、Ejiri A.、Kohagura J.
  • Journal Title: Review of Scientific Instruments Volume: 93 Issue: 11 Pages: 113518-113518
  • DOI: 10.1063/5.0101588
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Preceding propagation of turbulence pulses at avalanche events in a magnetically confined plasma (2022)
  • Author(s): Kenmochi N.、Ida K.、Tokuzawa T.、Yasuhara R.、Funaba H.、Uehara H.、Den Hartog D. J.、Yamada I.、Yoshinuma M.、Takemura Y.、Igami H.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 12 Issue: 1 Pages: 6979-6979
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10499-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Development of the Q-band ECE imaging system in the large helical device (2022)
  • Author(s): Goto Y.、Tokuzawa T.、Kuwahara D.、Ichinose K.、Tsuchiya H.、Nishiura M.、Shimizu T.、Kubo S.、Yamada I.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Instrumentation Volume: 17 Issue: 01 Pages: C01016-C01016
  • DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/c01016
  • NAID: 120007191889
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Correlation Analysis between Density and Magnetic Field Low Frequency Fluctuations in Improved Confinement Mode on LHD (2021)
  • Author(s): HU Wenqing、KOBAYASHI Tatsuya、SUZUKI Yasuhiro、YOSHINUMA Mikiro、TOKUZAWA Tokihiko、IDA Katsumi
  • Journal Title: Plasma and Fusion Research Volume: 16 Issue: 0 Pages: 2402031-2402031
  • DOI: 10.1585/pfr.16.2402031
  • NAID: 130008028410
  • ISSN: 1880-6821
  • Year and Date: 2021-03-19
• [Journal Article] W-band millimeter-wave back-scattering system for high wavenumber turbulence measurements in LHD (2021)
  • Author(s): Tokuzawa T.、Tanaka K.、Tsujimura T.、Kubo S.、Emoto M.、Inagaki S.、Ida K.、Yoshinuma M.、Watanabe K. Y.、Tsuchiya H.、Ejiri A.、Saito T.、Yamamoto K.、LHD Experiment Group
  • Journal Title: Review of Scientific Instruments Volume: 92 Issue: 4 Pages: 043536-043536
  • DOI: 10.1063/5.0043474
• [Journal Article] Non-Contact and Non-Invasive Driver's Monitor Using Microwave Reflectometer (2020)
  • Author(s): A. Mase, Y. Kogi, T. Maruyama, T. Tokuzawa, M. Kunugita, T. Koike, and H. Hasegawa
  • Journal Title: Progress In Electromagnetics Research M Volume: 90 Pages: 81-88
  • DOI: 10.2528/pierm20010103
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Non-contact and real-time measurement of heart rate and heart rate variability using microwave reflectometry (2020)
  • Author(s): A. Mase, Y. Kogi, T. Maruyama, T. Tokuzawa, F. Sakai, M. Kunugita, T. Koike, H. Hasegawa
  • Journal Title: Review of Scientific Instruments Volume: 91 Issue: 1 Pages: 014704-014704
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5128959
  • NAID: 120007180025
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Isotope effect in transient electron thermal transport property and its impact on the electron internal transport barrier formation in LHD (2020)
  • Author(s): Kobayashi T.、Ida K.、Tanaka K.、Yoshinuma M.、Tsujimura T.Ii、Inagaki S.、Tokuzawa T.、Tsuchiya H.、Tamura N.、Igami H.、Yoshimura Y.、Itoh S.-I.、Itoh K.、Experiment Group LHD
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 60 Issue: 7 Pages: 076015-076015
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab9005
  • NAID: 120007116690
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Extended investigations of isotope effects on ECRH plasma in LHD (2019)
  • Author(s): Tanaka K、Nakata M、Ohtani Y、Tokuzawa T、Yamada H、Warmer F、Nunami M、Satake S、Tala T、Tsujimura T、Takemura Y、Kinoshita T、Takahashi H、Yokoyama M、Seki R、Igami H、Yoshimura Y、Kubo S、Shimozuma T、Akiyama T、Yamada I、Yasuhara R、Funaba H、Yoshinuma et al
  • Journal Title: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion Volume: 62 Issue: 2 Pages: 024006-024006
  • DOI: 10.1088/1361-6587/ab5bae
  • NAID: 120007126855
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Isotope effects on energy, particle transport and turbulence in electron cyclotron resonant heating plasma of the Large Helical Device (2019)
  • Author(s): K. Tanaka, Y. Ohtani, M. Nakata, F. Warmer, T. Tsujimura, Y. Takemura, T. Kinoshita, H. Takahashi, M. Yokoyama, R. Seki, H. Igami, Y. Yoshimura, S. Kubo, T. Shimozuma, T. Tokuzawa, T. Akiyama, I. Yamada, R. Yasuhara, H. Funaba, M. Yoshinuma, K. Ida, M. Goto, et al
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 59 Issue: 12 Pages: 126040-126040
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab4237
  • NAID: 120007126859
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Isotope effect on energy confinement time and thermal transport in neutral-beam-heated stellarator-heliotron plasmas (2019)
  • Author(s): H. Yamada, K. Tanaka, R. Seki, C. Suzuki, K. Ida, K. Fujii, M. Goto, S. Murakami, M. Osakabe, T. Tokuzawa, M. Yokoyama, M. Yoshinuma
  • Journal Title: Physical Review Letters Volume: 123 Issue: 18 Pages: 185001-185001
  • DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.185001
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Impact of a resonant magnetic perturbation field on impurity radiation, divertor footprint, and core plasma transport in attached and detached plasmas in the Large Helical Device (2019)
  • Author(s): M. Kobayashi, R. Seki, S. Masuzaki, S. Morita, H.M. Zhang, Y. Narushima, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, T. Tokuzawa, M. Yokoyama, T. Ido, I. Yamada, and the LHD Experimental group
  • Journal Title: Nuclear Fusion Volume: 59 Issue: 10 Pages: 109601-109601
  • DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ab3a13
  • NAID: 120007116720
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Spatial structure of low-frequency fluctuations throughout the transition of poloidal flow velocity in edge plasmas of LHD (2019)
  • Author(s): Moon C.、Kobayashi T.、Ida K.、Tokuzawa T.、Hidalgo C.、Yoshinuma M.、Ogawa K.、Itoh K.、Fujisawa A.、and LHD Experiment Group
  • Journal Title: Physics of Plasmas Volume: 26 Issue: 9 Pages: 092302-092302
  • DOI: 10.1063/1.5098954
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Development plan and status of phase-space diagnostics in high temperature plasma (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, T. Kobayashi, M. Nishiura, N. Kenmochi, R. Yanai, T. I. Tsujimura, I. Yamada, and N. Tamura
  • Organizer: The 31st International Toki Conference on Plasma and Fusion Research
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 3D Metal Powder Additive Manufacturing Phased Array Antenna for Multichannel Doppler Reflectometer (2022)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, T. Nasu, S. Inagaki, C. Moon, T. Ido, H. Idei, A. Ejiri, R. Imazawa, M. Yoshida, K. Tanaka, and K. Ida
  • Organizer: High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Characteristics of 3D metal powder additive manufacturing waveguides and antenna for microwave Doppler reflectometry and trial experiments at PANTA (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, T. Nasu, S. Inagaki, C. Moon, T. Ido, H. Idei, A. Ejiri, R. Imazawa, M. Yoshida, N. Oyama, K. Tanaka, and K. Ida
  • Organizer: 15th International Reflectometry Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Edge turbulence excitation experiments in LHD (2022)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, T. Tsujimura, M. Nishiura, H. Igami, S. Inagaki, T. Nasu, K. Ida, T. Kobayashi, M. Yoshinuma, K. Tanaka, Y. Takemura, I. Yamada, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 18th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Electron scale turbulence responses in deuterium and hydrogen plasmas in LHD (2021)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, K. Tanaka, T. Tsujimura, S. Kubo, M. Emoto, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, H. Yamada, K. Y. Watanabe, A. Ejiri, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 47th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Turbulence spreading controlled by edge ECH heat deposition ? (2021)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, T. Tsujimura, K. Tanaka, T. Kobayashi, M. Yoshinuma, M. Nishiura, H. Igami, Y. Goto, Y. Takemura, A. Ejiri, I. Yamada, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: Asia-Pacific Transport Working Group Meeting, US-EU Transport Task Force Workshop
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Introduction to LHD diagnostics (2021)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa
  • Organizer: International Conference on DIAGNOSTICS FOR FUSION REACTORS
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Controlled turbulence excitation in LHD plasma edge region (2021)
  • Author(s): Tokihiko Tokuzawa, T. Tsujimura, M. Nishiura, H. Igami, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, T. Kobayashi, M. Yoshinuma, K. Tanaka, Y. Goto, Y. Takemura, A. Ejiri, I. Yamada, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Physics, Remote e-conference
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] シンポジウム「高周波技術と核融合」 マイクロ波計測Microwave Diagnostics for fusion plasma (2021)
  • Author(s): 徳沢 季彦
  • Organizer: 第38回 プラズマ・核融合学会 年会
• [Presentation] Developments of Millimeter and Sub-Millimeter Wave Backscattering Systems for Fusion Plasma Turbulence Diagnostics (2020)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, K. Tanaka, K. Y. Watanabe, S. Kubo, A. Ejiri, S. Inagaki, J. Kohagura, K. Yamamoto, T. Saito, H. Idei, R. Imazawa, N. Oyama, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 45th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves IRMMW-THz 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] W-band millimeter-wave back-scattering system for high wave number turbulence measurements in LHD (2020)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, K. Tanaka, T. Tsujimura, S. Kubo, M. Emoto, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, M. Yoshinuma, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Tsuchiya, A. Ejiri, T. Saito, K. Yamamoto, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 23rd High-Temperature Plasma Diagnostics 2020
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] JT-60SAへのマイクロ波ドップラー反射計適用に向けた詳細設計研究 (2020)
  • Author(s): 徳沢 季彦, 江尻 晶, 稲垣 滋, 出射 浩, 田中 謙治, 吉田 麻衣子, 今澤 良太, 大山 直幸
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会2020年秋季大会
• [Presentation] 乱流抑制配位創成に向けたミリ波帯計測器群の検討 (2020)
  • Author(s): 徳沢季彦, 永岡賢一, 仲田資季, 井戸毅, 小林達也, 西本守, 藤原大, 沼波政倫, 田中謙治, 大館暁, 林祐貴、坂本隆一, 村瀬尊則
  • Organizer: 第37回 プラズマ・核融合学会 年会
• [Presentation] Dual-Comb Microwave Doppler Reflectometer System in LHD and Feasibility Study for a JT-60SA Doppler Reflectometer (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, S. Inagaki, A. Ejiri, H. Idei, R. Imazawa, N. Oyama, M. Yoshida, K. Tanaka1, H. Tsuchiya, K. Ida, K. Y. Watanabe, and H. Yamada
  • Organizer: 14th International Reflectometry Workshop (IRW14)
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Observation of turbulence response from attached to detached phases in LHD (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, M. Kobayashi, S. Masuzaki , S. Inagaki, K. Ida, H. Tsuchiya, H. Yamada, K. Y. Watanabe, K. Tanaka, I. Yamada, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 27th ITPA meeting of TG SOL and divertor physics
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Study of isotope effects from the viewpoint of turbulence observation in LHD (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, K. Tanaka, H. Yamada, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, M. Nakata, T. Tsujimura, M. Yoshinuma, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Tsuchiya, A. Ejiri, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 22nd International Stellarator & Heliotron Workshop 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Observation of turbulence response in detach transition and similarity to H-mode transition in LHD (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, M. Kobayashi, S. Masuzaki, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, H. Tsuchiya, H. Yamada, K. Y. Watanabe, K. Tanaka, I. Yamada, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 17th International Workshop on H-mode Physics and Transport Barriers
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] プラズマ乱流計測から見た水素同位体効果検証実験 (2019)
  • Author(s): T. Tokuzawa, K. Tanaka, H. Yamada, S. Inagaki, K. Ida, M. Nakata, T. Tsujimura, M. Yoshinuma, K. Y. Watanabe, H. Tsuchiya, A. Ejiri, and LHD Experiment Group
  • Organizer: 日本物理学会2019年秋季大会
  • Invited