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Physics of energy partition between ion and electron during magnetic reconnection

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H01949
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 17010:Space and planetary sciences-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Hoshino Masahiro  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 教授 (90241257)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 桂華 邦裕  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (10719454)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,900,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥7,150,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,650,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,890,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,590,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,860,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥660,000)
Keywords磁気リコネクション / エネルギー分配 / 無衝突プラズマ / プラズマ粒子シミュレーション / 磁気圏衛星観測 / プラズマ加熱 / 粒子加速
Outline of Research at the Start

高温希薄な無衝突系のプラズマでは、通常のボルツマン統計で知られているエネルギー等分配の法則は成り立たず、イオンと電子とでは温度が異なる「エネルギー非等分配」の状態が通常である。またその速度分布関数も、熱的マックスウェル分布ではなく熱的エネルギーを凌駕する非熱的成分を有しているのが一般的である。しかしこのエネルギー非等分配は、非線形かつ非平衡の物理に支配されるため、未だに明確な答えを出すことが出来ていない。本研究では、プラズマのエネルギー変換として重要な無衝突磁気リコネクション過程に注目して、粒子シミュレーションと磁気圏衛星データ解析を用いて、イオンと電子のエネルギー分配について考察する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In plasma universe with hot dilute plasma, the mean free paths between particles are very long, and the temperatures of ions and electrons differ after plasma heating. The velocity distribution function also typically has a non-thermal component in addition to the thermal component. However, the physics of energy partition in this collisionless plasma system remains unresolved. In this study, preferential plasma heating and acceleration are investigated by using electromagnetic particle simulations and magnetospheric satellite data analysis, focusing on magnetic reconnection, which efficiently converts magnetic field energy into thermal energy. It was found that the heating rate of reconnection depends on the ion-to-electron mass ratio and that the higher the plasma temperature, the better the production rate of non-thermal components.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

無衝突プラズマ系での選択的加熱や加速の物理は、重要かつ基本的な未解決問題となっている。加熱や加速が、プラズマ集団現象による波動と粒子の相互作用の結果進行しているが、非線形効果が効く複雑な現象がおきており、エネルギー分配の物理は手つかずの状態であった。ここでは磁気リコネクション過程に絞って、それに特徴的な電磁場構造に着目して、加熱率の定式化や、定量的に非熱的成分の生成率を見積もることに成功した。今回の成果は単純化された系での考察に留まっているが、より一般的な場合への拡張を視野に入れた成果となった。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 12 results,  Peer Reviewed: 13 results,  Open Access: 11 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Invited: 8 results)

  • [Journal Article] Energy Partition of Thermal and Nonthermal Particles in Magnetic Reconnection2023

    • Author(s)
      Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 946 Issue: 2 Pages: 77-77

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acbfb5

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Fully Kinetic (Particle-in-Cell) Simulation of Astrophysical Plasmas2022

    • Author(s)
      Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Space and Astrophysical Plasma Simulation: Methods, Algorithms, and Applications

      Volume: - Pages: 337-357

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-3-031-11870-8_11

    • ISBN
      9783031118692, 9783031118708
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Global Characteristics of Cold Protons Around Midnight in the Magnetotail: Implication for Efficient Heating and Origin2022

    • Author(s)
      Keika K.、Asami R.、Hoshino M.、Fuselier S. A.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

      Volume: 127 Issue: 7 Pages: 1-15

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021ja029576

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Efficiency of nonthermal particle acceleration in magnetic reconnection2022

    • Author(s)
      Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Physics of Plasmas

      Volume: 29 Issue: 4 Pages: 042902-042902

    • DOI

      10.1063/5.0086316

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] High-power laser experiment forming a supercritical collisionless shock in a magnetized uniform plasma at rest2022

    • Author(s)
      Yamazaki R.、Matsukiyo S.、Morita T.、Tanaka S. J.、Umeda T. et al. (54 authors)
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review E

      Volume: 105 Issue: 2 Pages: 025203-025203

    • DOI

      10.1103/physreve.105.025203

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Preferential Energization of Lower‐Charge‐State Heavier Ions in the Near‐Earth Magnetotail2022

    • Author(s)
      Keika K.、Kasahara S.、Yokota S.、Hoshino M.、Seki K.、Amano T.、Kistler L. M.、Nos? M.、Miyoshi Y.、Hori T.、Shinohara I.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

      Volume: 127 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-20

    • DOI

      10.1029/2021ja029786

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mildly relativistic magnetized shocks in electron-ion plasmas - II. Particle acceleration and heating2021

    • Author(s)
      Ligorini Arianna、Niemiec Jacek、Kobzar Oleh、Iwamoto Masanori、Bohdan Artem、Pohl Martin、Matsumoto Yosuke、Amano Takanobu、Matsukiyo Shuichi、Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 502 Issue: 4 Pages: 5065-5074

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab220

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Magnetic Field Amplification by the Weibel Instability at Planetary and Astrophysical Shocks with High Mach Number2021

    • Author(s)
      Bohdan Artem、Pohl Martin、Niemiec Jacek、Morris Paul J.、Matsumoto Yosuke、Amano Takanobu、Hoshino Masahiro、Sulaiman Ali
    • Journal Title

      Physical Review Letters

      Volume: 126 Issue: 9 Pages: 095101-095101

    • DOI

      10.1103/physrevlett.126.095101

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mildly relativistic magnetized shocks in electron ion plasmas: I. Electromagnetic shock structure2020

    • Author(s)
      Ligorini Arianna、Niemiec Jacek、Kobzar Oleh、Iwamoto Masanori、Bohdan Artem、Pohl Martin、Matsumoto Yosuke、Amano Takanobu、Matsukiyo Shuichi、Esaki Yodai、Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 501 Issue: 4 Pages: 4837-4849

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/staa3901

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Stabilization of Magnetic Reconnection in the Relativistic Current Sheet2020

    • Author(s)
      Hoshino Masahiro
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 900 Issue: 1 Pages: 66-66

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aba59d

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Statistical study on electron and ion temperatures in the near-Earth reconnection and magnetic pile-up regions2019

    • Author(s)
      K. Watanabe, K. Keika, M. Hoshino, N. Kitamura, Y. Saito, B. L. Giles, and W. R. Paterson
    • Journal Title

      Geophys. Res. Letters

      Volume: 46 Issue: 24 Pages: 14223-14229

    • DOI

      10.1029/2019gl084837

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Anomalous plasma acceleration in colliding high-power laser-produced plasmas2019

    • Author(s)
      T. Morita, K. Nagashima, M. Edamoto, K. Tomita, T. Sano, Y. Itadani, R. Kumar, M. Ota, S. Egashira, R. Yamazaki, S. J. Tanaka, S. Tomita, S. Tomiya, H. Toda, I. Miyata, S. Kakuchi, S. Sei, N. Ishizaka, S. Matsukiyo, Y. Kuramitsu, Y. Ohira, M. Hoshino, and Y. Sakawa
    • Journal Title

      Physics of Plasmas

      Volume: 26 Issue: 9 Pages: 090702-090702

    • DOI

      10.1063/1.5100197

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] PIC simulation methods for cosmic radiation and plasma instabilities2019

    • Author(s)
      Martin Pohl, Masahiro Hoshino, Jacek Niemiec
    • Journal Title

      Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

      Volume: - Pages: 103751-103751

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ppnp.2019.103751

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Nonlinear explosive magnetic reconnection2021

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      URSI
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Fast particle acceleration mechanisms in astroplasma and laboratory astrophysics2021

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      International Conference on High Energy Density Science (HEDS)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] PIC simulations of particle acceleration and heating mechanism in accretion flows2021

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      Black Hole Astrophysics with VLBI: Multi-wavelength and multi-messenger era
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Nonlinear explosive magnetic reconnection2021

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      URSI GASS
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Magnetic reconnection in relativistic astrophysical plasmas2020

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      Max Planck Princeton Center Workshop
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Ion and electron heating and their energy partition during magnetic reconnection2019

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      Asia-Pacific Physics Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Ion and electron energy partition and T-V relation during magnetic reconnection2019

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      Korean Astrophysics Workshop
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Ion and electron heating and their energy partition during magnetic reconnection2019

    • Author(s)
      M. Hoshino
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Magnetic Fields in Laboratory High Energy Density Plasmas
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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