Mechanisms of embryonic (animal-vegetal and left-right) axes determination during oogenesis and embryogenesis

• Project/Area Number: 19H03234
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• Allocation Type: Single-year Grants
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 44020:Developmental biology-related
• Research Institution: Osaka University
• Principal Investigator: Nishida Hiroki 大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 名誉教授 (60192689)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 今井 薫 (佐藤薫) 大阪大学, 大学院理学研究科, 准教授 (00447921) ; 小沼 健 大阪大学, 理学研究科, 助教 (30632103)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
• Budget Amount: ¥17,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,960,000); Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥4,680,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,080,000)
• Keywords: 胚発生 / ホヤ / オタマボヤ / 胚軸 / 動植軸 / 左右非対称性 / 卵形成 / 動物植物軸 / カテニン / 局在母性因子 / 胚 / 左右非対称 / 卵成熟

Outline of Research at the Start

動物の胚は、３つの軸 (動植軸、それに直交する軸、左右軸）を持っている。胚発生を理解するためには胚軸の決定機構を知ることは重要である。全ての動物の未受精卵は動植軸を持っている。そして、この軸に沿って三胚葉が配置され原腸陥入へと進行する。本研究では、ホヤの卵成熟過程とオタマボヤの卵形成過程で起こる動植軸の決定機構を探る。また、左右軸に関してホヤとオタマボヤを用いて、左右非対称性の決定機構を探る。動植と左右の胚軸決定機構を明らかにすることによって、ホヤと脊椎動物を含む脊索動物門に関して、胚軸決定機構の比較が可能になり、脊索動物門の進化についても、推測することが可能になる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Animal embryos are characterized by three embryonic axes, animal-vegetal (A-V) axis, an axis perpendicular to the A-V axis, and left-right (L-R) axis. It is essential to understand how these axes are established. Unfertilized eggs of every animal already have the A-V axis. Three germ layers are positioned along this axis, and gastrulation starts at the vegetal pole. It has been elusive how the A-V axis is established as the axis are established in the ovary before spawning. In this project, we approached the mechanism of the A-V axis establishment in ascidians and appendicularians.
The L-R symmetry is broken using ciliary movement in many vertebrates. Ascidians, which is a member of chordates, also utilize cilia, but in a different way to vertebrates. We also approached molecular and cellular mechanisms of the L-R asymmetry formation in ascidians and appendicularians.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

動植軸の研究は多いが、最初に卵母細胞の対称性がどのようにして破られるのかの研究はほとんどなかった。本研究では卵内で局在する植物半球決定因子の同定までは至らなかったが、得られた結果は将来の研究につながっていくと期待される。左右軸の形成に関しても、我々の発見した神経胚回転はユニークな左右軸決定機構であり、脊索動物の左右軸形成機構の進化に関する考察で注目を集めている。また、オタマボヤは我々とノルウェーの研究室が先導し、新しい脊索動物のモデルとして注目されている。本研究によりホヤと脊椎動物を含む脊索動物門に関して、胚軸決定機構の比較が可能になり、脊索動物門の進化についても、推測することが可能になった。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] バルセロナ大学(スペイン)
• [Int'l Joint Research] パドバ大学(イタリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 上海交通大学(中国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] パドバ大学(イタリア)
• [Int'l Joint Research] モンパリエ大学(フランス)
• [Int'l Joint Research] 上海交通大学(中国)
• [Journal Article] Extreme genome scrambling in marine planktonic Oikopleura dioica cryptic species. (2024)
  • Author(s): Plessy, C., Mansfield, M.J., Bliznina, A., Masunaga, A., West, C., Tan, Y., Liu, A.W., Grasic, J., Del Rio Pisula, M.S., Sanchez-Serna, G., Fabrega-Torrus, M., Ferrandez-Roldan, A., Roncalli, V., Navratilova, P., Thompson, E.M., Onuma, T., Nishida, H., Canestro, C., Luscombe, N.M.
  • Journal Title: Genome Research Volume: in press Pages: 426-440
  • DOI: 10.1101/gr.278295.123
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Formation of the brain by stem cell divisions of large neuroblasts in Oikopleura dioica, a simple chordate (2023)
  • Author(s): Konishi Misako、Kishi Kanae、Morita Ryo、Yamada Atsuko、Onuma Takeshi A.、Nishida Hiroki
  • Journal Title: Development Genes and Evolution Volume: 233 Issue: 1 Pages: 35-47
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00427-023-00704-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Ascidian gastrulation and blebbing activity of isolated endoderm blastomeres. (2023)
  • Author(s): Nishida, H. Y., Hamada, K., Koshita, M., Ohta, Y., and Nishida, H.
  • Journal Title: Developmental Biology Volume: 496 Pages: 24-35
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.01.007
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Zic-r.b controls cell numbers in Ciona embryos by activating CDKN1B. (2023)
  • Author(s): Treen N, Konishi S, Nishida H; Onuma TA and Sasakura Y
  • Journal Title: Developmental Biology Volume: - Pages: 26-34
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.03.005
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Germline development during embryogenesis of the larvacean, Oikopleura dioica. (2022)
  • Author(s): Nishida, H., Matsuo, M., Konishi, S., Ohno, N., Manni, L., and Onuma T.A.
  • Journal Title: Devevalopmental Biology Volume: 481 Pages: 188-200
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.10.009
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Developmental biology of the larvacean Oikopleura dioica : Genome resources, functional screening, and imaging (2022)
  • Author(s): Onuma, T. A. and Nishida, H.
  • Journal Title: Dev. Growth Differ. Volume: 64 Issue: 1 Pages: 67-82
  • DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12769
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Expression and functional analyses of ectodermal transcription factors FoxJ-r, SoxF, and SP8/9 in early embryos of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (2021)
  • Author(s): Shih, Y., Wang, K., Kumano, G., and Nishida, H.
  • Journal Title: Zoological Science Volume: 38 Issue: 1 Pages: 26-35
  • DOI: 10.2108/zs200128
  • NAID: 210000177228
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 3D reconstruction of structures of hatched larva and young juvenile of the larvacean Oikopleura dioica using SBF-SEM (2021)
  • Author(s): Nishida H., Ohno N., Caicci F., Manni L.
  • Journal Title: Scientific Reports Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 4833-4833
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83706-y
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Massive gene loss and function shuffling in appendicularians stretch the boundaries of chordate Wnt family evolution (2021)
  • Author(s): Marti-Solans, J., Godoy, H., Diaz-Gracia, M., Onuma, T., Nishida, H., Albalat R., and Canestro, C.
  • Journal Title: Frontiers Cell Dev. Biol. Volume: 9 Pages: 700827-700827
  • DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.700827
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] ANISEED 2019: 4D exploration of genetic data for an extended range of tunicates. (2020)
  • Author(s): Dardaillon J, Dauga D, Simion P, Faure E, Onuma TA, DeBiasse M, Louis A, Nitta N, Naville M, Besnardeau L, Reeves W, Wang K, Fagotto M, Gueroult-Bellone M, Fujiwara S, Dumollard R, Veeman M, Volff JN, Roest Crollius H, Douzery E, Ryan J, Davidson B, Nishida H, Dantec C and Lemaire P
  • Journal Title: Nucleic Acids Research. Volume: 48(D1)
  • DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz955
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Protein phosphatase 2A is essential to maintain meiotic arrest, and to prevent Ca2+ burst at spawning and eventual parthenogenesis in the larvacean Oikopleura dioica. (2020)
  • Author(s): Matsuo M, Onuma TA, Omotezako T and Nishida N
  • Journal Title: Developmental Biology. Volume: 460(2) Issue: 2 Pages: 155-163
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.12.005
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A chordate species lacking Nodal utilizes calcium oscillation and Bmp for left-right patterning. (2020)
  • Author(s): Onuma, T.A., Hayashi, M., Gyoja, F., Kishi, K., Wang, K., Nishida, H.
  • Journal Title: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. Volume: 117 Issue: 8 Pages: 4188-4198
  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1916858117
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A genome database for a Japanese population of the larvacean Oikopleura dioica. (2020)
  • Author(s): Wang, K., Tomura, R., Chen, W., Kiyooka, M., Ishizaki, H., Aizu, T., Minakuchi, Y., Seki, Yutaka Suzuki, M., Omotezako, T., Suyama, R., Masunaga, A., Plessy, C., Luscombe, N.M., Dantec, C., Lemaire, P., Itoh, T., Toyoda, A., Nishida, H., and Onuma, T.A.
  • Journal Title: Dev. Growth Differ. Volume: 62 Issue: 6 Pages: 450-461
  • DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12689
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mouth opening is mediated by separation of dorsal and ventral daughter cells of the lip precursor cells in the larvacean, Oikopleura dioica. (2020)
  • Author(s): Morita, R., Onuma, T.A., Manni, L., Ohno, N., Nishida, H.
  • Journal Title: Dev. Genes Evol. Volume: 230 Issue: 5-6 Pages: 315-327
  • DOI: 10.1007/s00427-020-00667-4
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Conservation of peripheral nervous system formation mechanisms in divergent ascidian embryos. (2020)
  • Author(s): Coulcher, J. F., Roure, A., Chowdhury, R., Robert, M., Lescat, L., Bouin, A., Cadavid, J. C., Nishida, H., and Darras, S.
  • Journal Title: eLIFE Volume: 9
  • DOI: 10.7554/elife.59157
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] マボヤ胚の胚軸の決定機構をその始まりまで遡っていく (2022)
  • Author(s): 西田宏記
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 脊索動物ワカレオタマボヤを活用した発生生物学 (2022)
  • Author(s): 小沼 健、西田宏記
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Ascidian gastrulation and blebbing activity of isolated endoderm blastomeres (2022)
  • Author(s): Haruka Y. Nishida, Kaho Hamada, Mika Koshita, Yuki Ohta, and Hiroki Nishida
  • Organizer: 11th International Tunicate Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Transcriptomes of the fast-evolving chordate, Oikopleura dioica, uncover drastic difference in transcription factor and post-plasmic RNA composition that is expressed in early embryos from those of ascidians (2022)
  • Author(s): Kai Wang, Ritsuko Suyama, Nakako Mizutani, Masaki Matsuo, Yu Peng, Masahide Seki, Yutaka Suzuki, Nicholas M. Luscombe, Christelle Dantec, Patrick Lemaire, Atsushi Toyoda, Hiroki Nishida and Takeshi A. Onuma
  • Organizer: 11th International Tunicate Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Gene expression in the context of genomic rearrangement in Oikopleura dioica (2022)
  • Author(s): Michael J. Mansfield, the Canestro Laboratory, the Nishida Laboratory, and the Luscombe Laboratory
  • Organizer: 11th International Tunicate Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Oikopleura dioica, the cosmopolitan appendicularian hides multiple cryptic species around the globe (2022)
  • Author(s): Aki Masunaga, Canestro laboratory, Nishida laboratory, and Luscombe laboratory
  • Organizer: 11th International Tunicate Meeting
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Transcriptomic analyses of the fast-developing chordate, Oikopleura dioica, uncover re-organization of transcription factors functioning in early embryos and the animal-vegetal axis specification (2021)
  • Author(s): Kai Wang, Ritsuko Suyama, Nakako Mizutani, Masaki Matsuo, Yu Peng, Masahide Seki, Yutaka Suzuki, Nicholas M. Luscombe, Christelle Dantec, Patrick Lemaire, Atsushi Toyoda, Hiroki Nishida and Takeshi A. Onuma
  • Organizer: 日本発生生物学会
• [Presentation] マボヤの原腸陥入と単離内胚葉割球のブレブ形成 (2021)
  • Author(s): 濵田 果歩、西田 遥香、児下 未佳、西田 宏記
  • Organizer: 日本動物学会
• [Presentation] The larvacean Oikopleura dioica lacks Nodal and utilizes calcium oscillation and Bmp expression for left-right patterning. (2020)
  • Author(s): Takeshi A. Onuma, Momoko Hayashi, Fuki Gyoja, Kanae Kishi, Kai Wang and Hiroki Nishida
  • Organizer: 日本発生生物学会
• [Presentation] 脊索動物オタマボヤをもちいて左右形成の新しい領域を開拓する (2020)
  • Author(s): 小沼健、西田宏記
  • Organizer: 第５回ホヤ研究会
• [Presentation] マボヤの原腸陥入と単離内胚葉割球のブレブ形成活性について (2020)
  • Author(s): 西田宏記、西田遥香、児下未佳
  • Organizer: 第５回ホヤ研究会
• [Presentation] 動物繊維をもちいたオタマボヤの「ハウス」建築 (2020)
  • Author(s): 小沼 健、秋山 正和、山崎 慎太郎、近藤 滋、西田 宏記
  • Organizer: 日本分子生物学会
  • Invited
• [Remarks] 研究室のホームページ
  • URL: https://www.bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/bio_web/lab_page/nishida/index.html
• [Remarks] 研究室ホームページ
  • URL: https://www.bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/bio_web/lab_page/nishida/index.html
• [Remarks] 研究室ホームページ
  • URL: http://www.bio.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/bio_web/lab_page/nishida/index.html