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Adaptive significance of morphologically complex flowers in natural grassland communities

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H03303
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 45040:Ecology and environment-related
Research InstitutionKobe University

Principal Investigator

USHIMARU ATSUSHI  神戸大学, 人間発達環境学研究科, 教授 (70399327)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 石井 博  富山大学, 学術研究部理学系, 教授 (90463885)
岡本 朋子  岐阜大学, 応用生物科学部, 准教授 (50588150)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,930,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,030,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥930,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,900,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥900,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,070,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,170,000)
Keywords複雑花 / 進化 / 送粉者 / 開花密度 / 送粉成功 / 単純花 / 花形質 / 花の多様性 / 花の撮影 / 花の複雑性指標 / 花色
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、複雑な形をした花(複雑花)が、単純な形をした花(単純花)よりも適応的になる(より多く子孫を残せる)生態学的な条件を明らかにすることを目的とする。特に「複雑花は、同じ植物を選択的に訪花する性質(定花性)の強い送粉者へ花粉媒介を依存することで、植物の種多様性が高く、自種の開花密度の低い環境下で同種内送粉(自種の花を繰り返し訪れてもらうこと)を確実にするための適応である」という仮説を、複数の草原群集を詳細に調べ検証する。主に、「複雑花は単純花に比べて、定花性の強い昆虫により多く訪花され、競合する種が開花し、同種の開花密度の低い条件下でも確実に送粉に成功する」という予測を定量的に検証する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, data on corolla tube length and flower color of entomophilous plants were obtained in the Sugadaira Highland, and analyzed together with data from five other survey sites. In plant communities with frequent visitation by large bees (e.g.,bumblebees) and butterflies, complex flowers were more abundant. In complex flowers, large bees with strong flower constancy visited more frequently in the field, while simple flowers were more frequently visited by moderately constant bees such as honeybees and small bees. For several simple flowers, the visitation frequency of pollinators and pollen receipt increased with increasing conspecific floral density. On the other hand, for complex flowers, conspecific floral density did not affect the visitation frequency of pollinators or pollen receipt. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that complex flowers have the advantage of stable reproduction even with low conspecific floral density, due to specialization of pollinators.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究で取り組んだ課題は、総説論文等で繰り返し議論された重要性な課題であるが、野外における実証研究は非常に少なかった。本研究は、申請者らが長年蓄積してきたデータに新データを加えた新しいデータセットで花形質と送粉者相の解析を定量的に行い、曖昧な議論がなされてきた仮説の頑強性について検討できた。まず、野外においてマルハナバチ類が小型ハナバチやハナアブに比べて定花性が高いことを定量的に示した点は新規性が高い。さらに、複雑花が低密度環境下でも安定した送粉成功を得ることができる点を複数の種を比較しながら明らかにした点も、送粉生態学の重要課題を解くのに必要な成果を得ることができた

Report

(5 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results) Presentation (10 results) (of which Invited: 1 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Horizontal orientation facilitates pollen transfer and rain damage avoidance in actinomorphic flowers of <i>Platycodon grandiflorus</i>2022

    • Author(s)
      Nakata T.、Rin I.、Yaida Y. A.、Ushimaru A.
    • Journal Title

      Plant Biology

      Volume: published Issue: 5 Pages: 798-805

    • DOI

      10.1111/plb.13414

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Intersexual flower differences in an andromonoecious species: small pollen‐rich staminate flowers under resource limitation2022

    • Author(s)
      Murakami K.、Katsuhara K. R.、Ushimaru A.
    • Journal Title

      Plant Biology

      Volume: 24 Issue: 2 Pages: 259-265

    • DOI

      10.1111/plb.13383

    • NAID

      120007188914

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Covering and shading by neighbouring plants diminish pollinator visits to and reproductive success of a forest edge specialist dwarf species2021

    • Author(s)
      Ushimaru A.、Rin I.、Katsuhara K. R.
    • Journal Title

      Plant Biology

      Volume: 23 Issue: 5 Pages: 711-718

    • DOI

      10.1111/plb.13267

    • NAID

      120007144971

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] 花形態の複雑化が開花密度-繁殖成功関係へもたらす影響2023

    • Author(s)
      佐藤秋周, 丑丸敦史, 川上風馬, 中土井洋平太, 朝田愛理, 石井博, 白鳥裕太郎
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会第70回大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report 2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] ジェネラリスト送粉者は、個体レベルではスペシャリストであるのか?2023

    • Author(s)
      瀬尾夏未, 丑丸敦史, 石井博
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会第70回大会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 送粉者相の違いが開花密度-繁殖成功関係にもたらす影響2022

    • Author(s)
      佐藤秋周, 中田泰地, 川上風馬, 村上渚, 朝田愛理, 増田祐季, 大谷素司, 白鳥裕太郎, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会第69回大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 圃場整備と耕作放棄が水田畦畔の植物-送粉者ネットワークと送粉サービスに与える影響2022

    • Author(s)
      冨田誠之, 平山楽, 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会第69回大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] スキー場草地での植生再生過程における送粉ネットワーク構造・植物の繁殖成功の変化2022

    • Author(s)
      平山楽, 田中健太, 石井博, 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会第69回大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 都市水田植物群集における送粉者および送粉サービス2021

    • Author(s)
      丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会関東地区会シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 水田における土地利用の変化が畦畔の植物-送粉者ネットワークの構造に及ぼす影響2020

    • Author(s)
      冨田誠之、平山楽、 丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第67回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] カラスウリの花におけるフリンジ状花弁の適応的意義2020

    • Author(s)
      瀬尾夏未、 船本大智、 阪上洸多、丑丸敦史
    • Organizer
      第67回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 訪花者群集の組成に応じた、植物群集の花形質組成2020

    • Author(s)
      石井博、 辻本翔平、 丑丸敦史、工藤岳
    • Organizer
      第67回日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Community-wide difference in floral traits between continental and oceanic island coastal plants.2019

    • Author(s)
      Atushi Ushimaru, Masayoshi K. Hiraiwa
    • Organizer
      Island biology 2019: III International Conference on Island Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation.
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Grasslands and shrublands in Japan. pp xx-xx. in Goldstein MI & DellaSala L (eds.) in press. The Encyclopedia of the World's Biomes2019

    • Author(s)
      Ushimaru A, Uchida K, Ikegami M and Suka T
    • Total Pages
      15
    • Publisher
      Elsevier
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 生物多様性研究室ホームページ

    • URL

      https://www2.kobe-u.ac.jp/~ushimaru/index.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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