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Cortico-basal ganglia mechanism of controlling forelimb movements in rodents

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H03342
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 46030:Function of nervous system-related
Research InstitutionTokyo Medical and Dental University

Principal Investigator

Isomura Yoshikazu  東京医科歯科大学, 大学院医歯学総合研究科, 教授 (00415077)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥16,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥12,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,750,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥7,930,000 (Direct Cost: ¥6,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,830,000)
Keywords大脳皮質 / 大脳基底核 / 運動制御 / ラット / スパイク / 運動発現 / 左右肢運動 / げっ歯類 / 随意運動 / パーキンソン病
Outline of Research at the Start

私たちが左右の手を独立かつ協調的に動かす脳の神経回路の仕組みは、まだほとんど解明されていない。パーキンソン病などの神経疾患では、この左右協調運動の制御に障害がみられる。その神経回路の仕組みを解明するためには、遺伝子改変技術を導入でき、実験条件を統制しやすい、げっ歯類動物を研究対象とすることが有効である。本研究では、ラットの左右半球の一次・二次運動野とその投射先の背外側線条体の領域間経路に注目し、一次・二次運動野の投射細胞と背外側線条体の投射細胞はどのように左右協調運動の制御に関与しているのか、その左右協調運動の制御機構は、パーキンソン病状態でどのように変容するのかの解明を目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of neural circuits in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia that control the expression of forelimb movements. We analyzed spike activity in these brain areas of head-fixed rats performing forelimb movement tasks. We found lateral dominance changes exhibited by primary and secondary motor cortex neurons with parkinsonian lesions caused by 6-OHDA. We also analyzed the motor- and reward-related activity of projection neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and striatum, as well as the timing of activity of hippocampal and entorhinal neurons. Moreover, we have developed automatized spike collision tests to identify the projection of recorded neurons, optimized photoactive opsins for the spike collision test, and established a new method for analyzing the timing of neural spike activity.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

私たちが手や足を意のままに動かす随意運動を実現する神経回路の仕組みはまだ十分には解明されていない。パーキンソン病などの神経疾患では大脳皮質-基底核回路に異常が生じて運動発現や制御に障害が出現する。本研究は独自に開発したラットの運動発現課題を活かし、さまざまな外界状況における大脳皮質や大脳基底核の神経細胞活動の特性を解明した。また、神経活動の定量的解析手法や領域間信号の計測法などの実験解析技術も開発した。これらの研究成果は神経科学の基礎的基盤を一層強固にするとともに、神経疾患の病態生理の理解にもつながると期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 4 results) Remarks (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] An engineered channelrhodopsin optimized for axon terminal activation and circuit mapping2021

    • Author(s)
      Hamada Shun、Nagase Masashi、Yoshizawa Tomohiko、Hagiwara Akari、Isomura Yoshikazu、Watabe Ayako M.、Ohtsuka Toshihisa
    • Journal Title

      Communications Biology

      Volume: 4 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1038/s42003-021-01977-7

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Automated and parallelized spike collision tests to identify spike signal projections2021

    • Author(s)
      Mitani Keita、Kawabata Masanori、Isomura Yoshikazu、Sakai Yutaka
    • Journal Title

      bioRxiv

      Volume: -

    • DOI

      10.1101/2021.10.21.465238

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A spike analysis method for characterizing neurons based on phase locking and scaling to the interval between two behavioral events2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawabata Masanori、Soma Shogo、Saiki-Ishikawa Akiko、Nonomura Satoshi、Yoshida Junichi、R?os Alain、Sakai Yutaka、Isomura Yoshikazu
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Neurophysiology

      Volume: 124 Issue: 6 Pages: 1923-1941

    • DOI

      10.1152/jn.00200.2020

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Electrophysiological Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Neural Activity in the Rat Cortex2020

    • Author(s)
      Tomoko Tanaka, Yoshikazu Isomura, Kazuto Kobayashi, Takashi Hanakawa, Satoshi Tanaka, and Manabu Honda
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Neuroscience

      Volume: - Pages: 1-10

    • DOI

      10.3389/fnins.2020.00495

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Differential Changes in the Lateralized Activity of Identified Projection Neurons of Motor Cortex in Hemiparkinsonian Rats2019

    • Author(s)
      Rios A, Soma S, Yoshida J, Nonomura S, Kawabata M, Sakai Y, Isomura Y.
    • Journal Title

      eNeuro

      Volume: 6 Issue: 4 Pages: 0110-119

    • DOI

      10.1523/eneuro.0110-19.2019

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Differential phasic activity of the DMS and DLS projecting SNc dopaminergic neurons in rats performing a probabilistic reward based task.2021

    • Author(s)
      Alain Rios, Kawabata Masanori, Tomomi Sakairi, Satoshi Kaneko, Riichiro Hira, Yutaka Sakai, Yoshikazu Isomura
    • Organizer
      The 44th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Virtual: Kobe International Conference Center, Kobe, Hyogo)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 行動発現を担う大脳皮質-基底核回路2021

    • Author(s)
      礒村 宜和
    • Organizer
      第35回日本大脳基底核研究会JBAGS(オンライン開催)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Establishment and demonstration of a novel spike analysis for neuronal activity during sensorimotor transformation.2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawabata M, ,Nonomura S, Yoshizawa T, Rios A, Sakairi T, Sakai Y, Isomura Y.
    • Organizer
      FENS Forum 2020 (Virtual: SEC Centre, Glasgow, UK)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Establishment and demonstration of an analytical method to evaluate neuronal activity during sensorimotor transformation.2020

    • Author(s)
      Kawabata M, Nonomura S, Yoshizawa T, Rios A, Sakairi T, Sakai Y, Isomura Y
    • Organizer
      The 43rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience 2020) (Virtual: Kobe International Conference Center, Kobe, Hyogo)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] げっ歯類の行動発現を担う大脳皮質・基底核回路メカニズム2020

    • Author(s)
      礒村 宜和
    • Organizer
      第257回つくばブレインサイエンス・セミナー(筑波大学, 茨城県つくば市)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] げっ歯類の行動発現を担う大脳皮質・基底核回路メカニズム2020

    • Author(s)
      礒村 宜和
    • Organizer
      浜松医科大学 大学院特別講演(浜松医科大学, 静岡県浜松市)
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Differential changes in the forelimb selectivity of IT and PT projection neurons of motor cortex in hemiparkinsonian rats.2019

    • Author(s)
      Rios A, Soma S, Nonomura S, Yoshida J, Kawabata M, Sakai Y, Isomura Y
    • Organizer
      The Annual Meeting of Society for Neuroscience (Neuroscience 2019) (McCormick Place, Chicago, IL, USA)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Modification of motor cortex forelimb lateralization preference in a hemiparkinsonian rat model.2019

    • Author(s)
      Rios AA, Satoshi N, Yoshizawa T, Kawabata M, Sakairi T, Sakai Y, Isomura Y
    • Organizer
      The 42nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuro2019) (Toki Messe, Niigata, Niigata)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 教育講演:げっ歯類の大脳皮質・皮質下回路の機能的スパイク信号を探る.2019

    • Author(s)
      礒村 宜和
    • Organizer
      The 42nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuro2019) (Toki Messe, Niigata, Niigata)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Remarks] Researchmap

    • URL

      https://researchmap.jp/yoshikazuisomura/

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] Researchmap

    • URL

      https://researchmap.jp/yoshikazuisomura/published_papers

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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