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Why do vesicles move faster in the axon than in vitro?

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H03394
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 48010:Anatomy-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Yasushi Okada  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 教授 (50272430)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 池崎 圭吾  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (10722960)
池田 一穂  東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 講師 (20642565)
神原 丈敏  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 生命機能科学研究センター, 上級研究員 (40451637)
榎 佐和子 (苙口佐和子)  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 特任助教 (50467635)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥17,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥13,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥5,200,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,200,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,530,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,460,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,260,000)
Keywords軸索輸送 / 分子モーター / 分子混雑 / キネシン / 小胞輸送 / 微小管
Outline of Research at the Start

神経細胞の軸索輸送を担うモーター分子としてキネシンが単離同定されて30年以上が経つ。しかし、これまでの研究により解明されたキネシンの運動機構から細胞内の物質輸送を定量的に説明することは未だに困難である。たとえば、速度は輸送を考える上で最も基本的なパラメータである。実際、遺伝性痙性対麻痺などでは、輸送速度の低下による輸送障害により、神経細胞が傷害されると考えられている。しかし、細胞内のいわゆる分子混雑環境の中でも、高速な小胞輸送を実現する機構は全く不明である。本研究では、一分子イメージングや超解像ライブイメージングなどの先端的イメージング手法を用いてこの問題にアプローチする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Transport of APP-containing vesicle is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. It is conveyed by conventional kinesin KIF5 in the neuronal axons. The transport velocity is 3-5 times faster than the velocity of KIF5 in vitro. Similarly, many transport vesicles in cells are moving at much faster velocities than the velocity of the responsible motor proteins in vitro. To clarify this mechanism, we examined the conventional kinesin KIF5A. We measured its motor activities under external load force in vitro, and in living cells, as well as the motility of the cargo vesicles in neurons. The results suggested the trade off relations between processivity and velocity.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

軸索輸送速度の低下は、さまざまな神経変性疾患との関連が示唆されている。また、マウスの実験系では、軸索や樹状突起での輸送を向上させることで疾患の予防や記憶力の改善が報告されている。したがって、軸索輸送速度の調節機構、特に高速化するための機構を理解することは、神経変性疾患の発症機構の理解の一端につながるだけでなく、あらたな治療戦略として期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (30 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (9 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 9 results,  Open Access: 6 results) Presentation (21 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results,  Invited: 21 results)

  • [Journal Article] Transfected plasmid DNA is incorporated into the nucleus via nuclear envelope reformation at telophase2022

    • Author(s)
      Haraguchi Tokuko、Koujin Takako、Shindo Tomoko、Sukriye Bilir、Osakada Hiroko、Nishimura Kohei、Hirano Yasuhiro、Asakawa Haruhiko、Mori Chie、Kobayashi Shouhei、Okada Yasushi、Chikashige Yuji、Fukagawa Tatsuo、Shibata Shinsuke、Hiraoka Yasushi
    • Journal Title

      Communications Biology

      Volume: 5 Issue: 1 Pages: 78-88

    • DOI

      10.1038/s42003-022-03021-8

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The function of Scox in glial cells is essential for locomotive ability in Drosophila.2021

    • Author(s)
      Kowada Ryosuke, Kodani Atsushi, Ida Hiroyuki, Yamaguchi Masamitsu, Lee Im-Soon, Okada Yasushi, Yoshida Hideki
    • Journal Title

      SCIENTIFIC REPORTS

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-00663-2

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Suppression of Vps13 adaptor protein mutants reveals a central role for PI4P in regulating prospore membrane extension2021

    • Author(s)
      Nakamura Tsuyoshi S, Suda Yasuyuki, Muneshige Kenji, Fujieda Yuji, Okumura Yuuya, Inoue Ichiro, Tanaka Takayuki, Takahashi Tetsuo, Nakanishi Hideki, Gao Xiao-Dong, Okada Yasushi, Neiman Aaron M, Tachikawa Hiroyuki
    • Journal Title

      PLOS GENETICS

      Volume: 17 Issue: 8 Pages: e1009727-e1009727

    • DOI

      10.1371/journal.pgen.1009727

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] NUDT21 Links Mitochondrial IPS-1 to RLR-Containing Stress Granules and Activates Host Antiviral Defense2020

    • Author(s)
      Saeko Aoyama-Ishiwatari, Tomohiko Okazaki, Shun-ichiro Iemura, Tohru Natsume, Yasushi Okada, Yukiko Gotoh
    • Journal Title

      The Journal of Immunology

      Volume: 206 Issue: 1 Pages: 154-163

    • DOI

      10.4049/jimmunol.2000306

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A Method for Automatic Tracking of Cell Nuclei with Weakly-Supervised Mitosis Detection in 2D Microscopy Image Sequences2020

    • Author(s)
      Kondratiev Alexandr Yu, Yaginuma Hideyuki, Okada Yasushi, Krylov Andrey S, Sorokin Dmitry V
    • Journal Title

      ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE PROCEEDING SERIES

      Volume: 0 Pages: 67-73

    • DOI

      10.1145/3417519.3417558

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Single-Molecule Imaging of Intracellular Transport in Neurons and Non-neuronal Cells: From Microscope Optics to Sample Preparations2020

    • Author(s)
      Wang Jay Yuan Jian, Kambara Taketoshi, Okada Yasushi
    • Journal Title

      NEUROMETHODS

      Volume: 154 Pages: 1-10

    • DOI

      10.1007/978-1-0716-0532-5_1

    • ISBN
      9781071605318, 9781071605325
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Robust classification of cell cycle phase and biological feature extraction by image-based deep learning2020

    • Author(s)
      Nagao Yukiko、Sakamoto Mika、Chinen Takumi、Okada Yasushi、Takao Daisuke
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Biology of the Cell

      Volume: 31 Issue: 13 Pages: 1346-1354

    • DOI

      10.1091/mbc.e20-03-0187

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Phase separation organizes the site of autophagosome formation2020

    • Author(s)
      Fujioka Yuko、Alam Jahangir Md.、Noshiro Daisuke、Mouri Kazunari、Ando Toshio、Okada Yasushi、May Alexander I.、Knorr Roland L.、Suzuki Kuninori、Ohsumi Yoshinori、Noda Nobuo N.
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 578 Issue: 7794 Pages: 301-305

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-020-1977-6

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] An Improved Fluorescent Protein-Based Expression Reporter System That Utilizes Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer and Peptide-Assisted Complementation2020

    • Author(s)
      Taishi Kakizuka, Akira Takai, Keiko Yoshizawa, Yasushi Okada, Tomonobu M Watanabe
    • Journal Title

      Chemical Communications

      Volume: 56 Issue: 25 Pages: 3625-3628

    • DOI

      10.1039/c9cc08664a

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Live cell imaging technologies for single-cell analysis -- How can imaging meets genomics?2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      Pacifichem 2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 生命科学研究のDX2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      JST-BDR共催シンポジウム「バイオDXの最前線」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Super-resolutoin live cell imaging and beyond2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      京都大学生命動態研究センター、発生・細胞生物・システム生物学コース
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 細胞や分子を見て、判るためのイメージング2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      日本光学会年次学術講演会基調講演
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 手と目と頭の自動化とバイオDX2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      JST未来社会創造事業ロボティックバイオロジーによる生命科学の加速キックオフシンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] エピゲノム状態・転写・代謝など細胞状態を可視化する蛍光プローブ技術2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      ARO協議会第8回学術集会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 超解像蛍光顕微鏡の現状と課題2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      学振第125委員会講演会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Development of fluorescent probes for live imaging of cellular states2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      The 11th BRI International Symposium ``From Single Cell to Systems Neuroscience''
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 細胞状態のシングルセル解析を目指したライブセルイメージング技術の開発2021

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      第8回日本腎臓研究会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 超解像・一分子イメージングで生きた細胞の中を見る2020

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      日本量子生命科学会第2回総会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Development of super-resolution microscopy and its application to the study of axonal transport2020

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      第43回日本神経科学会大会塚原仲晃記念賞記念講演
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 超解像・一分子イメージングによる生細胞観察2020

    • Author(s)
      岡田 康志
    • Organizer
      第93回日本内分泌学会学術総会YECシンポジウム「新規イメージング技術による生命現象解析」
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Live cell imaging technologies for single-cell analysis2020

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      第29回ホットスプリングハーバー国際シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Dissecting molecular mechanisms by optical microscopy in living cells and in vitro.2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      Cold Spring Harbor Conferences Asia, Cross-scale biological structure 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Super-resolution live-cell imaging 2019: new optics, new dyes, and new algorithms.2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      カナダ顕微鏡学会(MSC-SMC annual meeting) 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Dissecting molecular mechanisms by optical microscopy in living cells and in vitro.2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      第71回日本細胞生物学会年会19回日本蛋白質科学会年会合同年次大会シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 生細胞イメージングにおける超解像光学顕微鏡の現状と課題2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      ナノプローブテクノロジー第167委員会第91回研究会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 小胞輸送の速度と揺らぎと温度2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      第4回バイオサーモロジーワークショップ
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Conformational dynamics of microtubules.2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      Joint UBI-Nano LSI workshop
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Dissecting the Molecular Mechanisms of Axonal Transport through Imaging.2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      The 7th Workshop on physics between Ecole Normale Superleure and University of Tokyo
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] 超解像顕微鏡法とその限界2019

    • Author(s)
      岡田康志
    • Organizer
      第61回日本顕微鏡学会九州支部総会・学術講演会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
    • Invited

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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