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Econometric analysis on changes in the norms of pastoralists and vulnerability of their communities under expansion of the market economy in Ethiopia

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19H04375
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 80010:Area studies-related
Research InstitutionJapan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences

Principal Investigator

Oniki Shunji  国立研究開発法人国際農林水産業研究センター, 社会科学領域, 主任研究員 (60289345)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 平田 昌弘  帯広畜産大学, 畜産学部, 教授 (30396337)
加賀爪 優  京都大学, 学術情報メディアセンター, 研究員 (20101248)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥15,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥11,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥3,540,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥5,980,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,380,000)
Keywords遊牧民 / 規範 / 互助 / モラル / 計量経済分析 / 文化人類学 / 牧畜 / 遊牧 / 牧畜社会 / 社会規範 / サブサハラアフリカ / エチオピア / アファール / 市場 / 開発経済学 / モラル規範
Outline of Research at the Start

サブサハラ・アフリカでは、近年、伝統的な自給自足社会に市場経済が導入されつつあるが、それにともないコミュニティー内の相互扶助の規範が薄れ、所得の拡大と社会の不安定化が進むのではないかという懸念がある。本研究は、エチオピアの牧畜民社会における市場経済の浸透により、食物のシェアリングなど伝統的な互助規範がどのように変容するのかを解明する。牧畜民の文化人類学的な参与観察調査および規範意識の経済実験ならびに大規模サーベイ調査によってデータを収集し、計量経済分析モデルで定量的に分析する。最終的に牧畜社会の規範変容のメカニズムを解明し、伝統的な社会規範と整合的な市場経済化政策について考察する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study explores how the expansion of the market economy to pastoralist areas in Ethiopia alters traditional norms of reciprocity in pastoralist communities. First, we conducted an anthropological survey of pastoralists by staying at pastoralists’ houses and a preliminary study for economic survey in the target area and decided the framework of the study. Then, we conducted behavioral economics experiments and large-scale surveys to collect data on the livelihoods, behaviors, and norms of pastoralists to obtain qualitative evidence of the norms and social preferences of pastoralists. Using these data, econometric analyses were conducted. The results revealed that local people become less following the traditional reciprocity norms due to the development of a market economy, population growth, and environmental degradation. It implies a need to introduce risk-mitigating measures that reinforce traditional norms of reciprocity of pastoralist communities.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

エチオピアでは、都市部で急速な経済発展が起こっているが、それが都市から遠く離れた地域の人々の伝統的な互助規範へどのような影響があるかほとんど知られていなかった。伝統的な互助は生計の安定のために重要な役割を果たしている。本研究は、市場経済の規範が遊牧民社会に浸透し、伝統的な食料シェアリングや互助の規範が弱まりつつあることを示した。その背景には干ばつの頻発化があり、家畜が減少することによって、食料シェアリングが減少し、生計リスクがさらに脆弱になる可能性が高い。これまで現地で国際援助機関が行ってきた食料や現金の給与の方策が逆効果であることを見いだし、援助政策の見直しが示唆された。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2022 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] サマラ大学(エチオピア)

    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Transformation of Afar pastoralism with climate change and a market economy2022

    • Author(s)
      平田 昌弘、鬼木 俊次
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Arid Land Studies

      Volume: 32 Issue: 1 Pages: 1-13

    • DOI

      10.14976/jals.32.1_1

    • ISSN
      0917-6985, 2189-1761
    • Year and Date
      2022-06-30
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 牧畜民の発酵乳加工とその利用2022

    • Author(s)
      平田昌弘
    • Journal Title

      横山智編著『世界の発酵食をフィールドワークする』農山漁村文化協会

      Volume: - Pages: 64-80

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Communal land conservation in northern Ethiopia: The relationship between urban area access and individual and social norms2022

    • Author(s)
      Oniki Shunji、Berhe Melaku、Negash Teklay、Etsay Haftu
    • Journal Title

      Land Degradation & Development

      Volume: 33 Issue: 15 Pages: 2757-2768

    • DOI

      10.1002/ldr.4303

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Watershed Communal Land Management and Livelihood of Rural Households in Kilte Awlaelo Woreda, Tigray Region, Ethiopia2022

    • Author(s)
      Etsay Haftu、Oniki Shunji、Berhe Melaku、Negash Teklay
    • Journal Title

      Sustainability

      Volume: 14 Issue: 20 Pages: 13676-13676

    • DOI

      10.3390/su142013676

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Household Communal Resource Use and Willingness to Supply Extra Free Labor Days to Conserve Communal Land in Northern Ethiopia: Evidence from the Kilte-Awlaelo Woreda of the Tigrai Region2022

    • Author(s)
      Negash Teklay、Oniki Shunji、Berhe Melaku、Etsay Haftu
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Forest Economics

      Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Pages: 319-345

    • DOI

      10.1561/112.00000549

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] エチオピア北部牧畜地域における市場経済と社会規範2019

    • Author(s)
      鬼木俊次  メラク・ベルヘ  テクライ・ネガシュ
    • Organizer
      国際開発学会 第20回春季大会(国内学会)
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] The Structural Decomposition Analysis of the impacts of environmental Conservation Program on the Regional Economy of Guizhou, China: Economic structure change and rural labor migration2019

    • Author(s)
      陳妹凝、加賀爪優
    • Organizer
      環太平洋産業連関分析学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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