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A Comparative Study of English and Japanese: How Does Merge Generate Syntactic Structures?

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K00612
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 02060:Linguistics-related
Research InstitutionKeio University

Principal Investigator

Kitahara Hisatsugu  慶應義塾大学, 言語文化研究所(三田), 教授 (50301495)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Keywords生成文法理論 / 日英語比較統辞論 / 極小モデル / 併合操作 / 作業空間 / 演算効率 / 過剰生成 / 併合 / 統辞構造 / 生成手続き
Outline of Research at the Start

20世紀後半,言語研究に飛躍的な革新をもたらした生成文法理論では,人には生まれながらにして言語の仕組みが具わっており,言語獲得はこの仕組みに依存することで初めて可能になると考える。しかしながら,この人という種に固有の言語の仕組みは,言語間に現れる多様性の問題に直面する。本研究は,この問題意識のもと,類型論的に異なる日本語と英語(以下,日英語)の統辞構造の比較研究を推進する。具体的には,生成文法理論の枠組みのもと、日英語の統辞構造の背後に仮定されてきた併合操作の手続きを見直し,その手続きを厳しく制約する一般法則との関係から,日英語に観察される統辞構造の多様性を導き出すことを試みる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study formally recognizes Merge as an operation that applies to the workspace and yields a new workspace as output, and examines how exactly Merge operates, satisfying general third factor principles and language-specific conditions. Drawing data from English and Japanese, the comparative study of these two distinct languages demonstrates that in each language, the application of Merge is highly constrained by the two general conditions, which preserve and restrict accessibility to computation. Under this new conception of Merge, the proposed analysis has a number of important consequences, and promises to open new horizons in the continuing quest for explanation in the generative enterprise.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

20世紀後半,言語研究に飛躍的な革新をもたらした生成文法理論では,人には生まれながらにして言語の仕組みが具わっており,言語獲得はこの仕組みに依存することで初めて可能になると考える。この問題意識のもと,本研究では,類型論的に異なる日英語の統辞構造の多様性を,語彙項目の特性,併合の定式化と適用手続き,その手続きを厳しく制約する一般法則,という三つの要因とその相互作用から演繹的に説明することを試みた。その取り組みは,普遍的な言語の仕組み(普遍文法)から多様な言語の現れ(個別文法)を導出することに他ならず,その成果は生成文法理論の今後の展開に大きな影響を与えるものであろう。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Open Access: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 1 results) Presentation (10 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] アリゾナ大学/東ミシガン大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] A Quick Review of Some of the Recent Developments in the Minimalist Program2022

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara
    • Journal Title

      Reports of the Keio Institute of Cultural and Linguistic Studies

      Volume: 53 Pages: 151-164

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] On the Notion Copy under MERGE2021

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara
    • Journal Title

      Reports of the Keio Institute of Cultural and Linguistic Studies

      Volume: 52 Pages: 133-140

    • NAID

      120007031623

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Unifying Labeling under Minimal Search in "Single-" and "Multiple-Specifier" Configurations2020

    • Author(s)
      Samuel D. Epstein, Hisatsugu Kitahara, and T. Daniel Seely
    • Journal Title

      Coyote Paper

      Volume: 22 Pages: 1-10

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] "Multiple-Specifier" Configurations Revisited2020

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara
    • Journal Title

      Reports of the Keio Institute of /cultural and Linguistic Studies

      Volume: 51 Pages: 207-216

    • NAID

      120006816783

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Structure-Building under MERGE2021

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara and T. Daniel Seely
    • Organizer
      The 39th West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The History and Current Form of Merge2021

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara and T. Daniel Seely
    • Organizer
      韓国言語系学会連合共催 Computation for Human Language and Language Use
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] A Quick Review of Some of the Recent Developments in the Minimalist Program2021

    • Author(s)
      北原久嗣
    • Organizer
      研究拠点形成事業A 先端拠点形成型「自然言語の構造と獲得メカニズムの理解に向けた研究拠点形成」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Understanding the Enabling Function of SMT2021

    • Author(s)
      北原久嗣
    • Organizer
      日本英語学会第39回大会ワークショップ「Strong Minimalist Thesisを満たすUGの説明理論:その輪郭と概念的根拠」
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] MERGEに基づくcopyの概念について2020

    • Author(s)
      北原久嗣
    • Organizer
      日本英語学会第38回大会ワークショップ「統語領域における copy をめぐる諸問題」
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] MERGE and Minimal Search: A Minimalist Challenge2020

    • Author(s)
      北原久嗣
    • Organizer
      上智大学言語学講演会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] (Head-)Adjunction by pair-MERGE2019

    • Author(s)
      Hisatsugu Kitahara
    • Organizer
      ELSJ 12th International Spring Forum 2019 Workshop "Pair-Merge under MERGE"
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Labeling under minimal search: Determining "single- vs. multiple-specifier" configurations2019

    • Author(s)
      Samuel D. Epstein, Hisatsugu Kitahara, and T. Daniel Seely
    • Organizer
      The Program for the 158th Meeting of the Linguistic Society of Japan
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Unifying labeling under minimal search in single- and multiple-specifier configurations2019

    • Author(s)
      Samuel D. Epstein, Hisatsugu Kitahara, and T. Daniel Seely
    • Organizer
      Arizona Linguistics Circle 13: Research Across Linguistic Subfields
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 多重指定部構造の再考2019

    • Author(s)
      北原久嗣
    • Organizer
      日本英語学会第37回ワークショップ「言語の多様性再考:外在化の観点から」
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] A Minimalist Theory of Simplest Merge2021

    • Author(s)
      Epstein, Samuel David, Hisatsugu Kitahara, and T. Daniel Seely
    • Total Pages
      150
    • Publisher
      Routledge Taylor & Francis Group
    • ISBN
      9780367343682
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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