| Project/Area Number |
19K01041
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 03030:History of Asia and Africa-related
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| Research Institution | Waseda University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Project Status |
Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
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| Keywords | 清 / ロシア / 外交 / 翻訳 / コミュニケーション・ギャップ / 中国 / 媒介言語 |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
本研究では、まず基礎作業として、17世紀から1860年の北京条約に至る清朝－ロシア間の外交関係について、根本史料である両国間の条約・協定と外交書簡の網羅的データベースを作成する。次に、多言語テキストの存在する文書について、各言語間の内容の差異を検出し、特に清側に関して、差異が生じた原因を、言語能力・翻訳技術と意図的操作の両面を視野に入れて解明する。さらに、こうした翻訳上の問題が実質的な外交交渉に及ぼした影響についても検討を加える。
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
As a basic step, I created a database of diplomatic letters between Qing and Russia from the 17th to 19th centuries, and based on this examined the actual state of translation and communication gaps. As a result, the following findings are obtained: First, there was a clear difference in the roles of Latin and Mongolian as intermediary languages. Second, the Qing's Russian translations in the first half of the 18th century had problems such as lack of competence and deliberate alterations or omissions. Third, the Russian Language School (Neige Eluosi wenguan) established in 1708 in Beijing, contrary to popular belief, produced a certain number of translators who were active in the field of diplomacy. Fourth, the treaties concluded between the two countries in the 19th century have more textual differences between languages than has been previously believed, which some cases leaded to substantive diplomatic disputes.
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究は，近世～近代における日本を含むアジア諸国の対外関係に普遍的に存在したと考えられる「翻訳」の問題を考える上で，ひいては広く異文化接触におけるコミュニケーション・ギャップの問題について考える上で，有用な材料を提供しうるものと信ずる。
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