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ミャンマー憲法裁判所による権力分立・人権保障の課題―ウズベキスタンとの比較

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K01247
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 05010:Legal theory and history-related
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

牧野 絵美  名古屋大学, 法政国際教育協力研究センター, 講師 (00538225)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) Ismatov Aziz  愛知県立大学, 日本文化学部, 准教授 (90751206)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2025-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2024)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywordsミャンマー / ウズベキスタン / 憲法裁判所 / 権力分立 / 人権保障
Outline of Research at the Start

ミャンマー憲法裁判所は、2011年の設置以来、年間数件の事件しか扱っておらず、人権保障という観点から、西欧立憲主義が意図する目的を果たせておらず、機能不全に陥っている。東欧・旧ソ連の社会主義国も、体制転換にともない、権力分立、人権保障といった西欧的な立憲主義理念のもと、多くの国が憲法裁判所設置した。本研究は、社会主義からの体制転換に着目し、ウズベキスタンを比較の対象とし、ミャンマーがなぜ憲法裁判所制度を導入し、社会主義・軍政時代の権力統合原理が違憲審査制度にどのような影響を与え、人権保障メカニズムの問題点を明らかにする。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

ミャンマーで2021年2月に発令された緊急事態宣言は、すでに4年が経過し、軍事政権が長期化している。2024年度に、新たに憲法裁判所に提訴された事案はなかった。2023年度に「ミャンマー憲法裁判所の機能と役割」と題した研究報告を行い、研究成果の公表準備を進めている。
ミャンマー憲法裁判所は、国家機関間の権限争い及び法律の合憲性を審査する機関として設置されたが、実際には、国軍の支配下に置かれた政権の正当化装置としての役割を果たしており、国家の権力行使を制限し、市民の権利を保護するための役割は期待されていない。民主化や体制移行を契機として、多くの新興民主主義国で憲法裁判所が導入されたように、ミャンマーでも憲法裁判所を設置することにより、形式的に憲法保障の制度が整っていると印象づけるために導入されたと考えられる。
2024年度は、民主化勢力による憲法起草過程の調査を行った。民主化勢力は、クーデター直後に、国軍主導で起草された現行の2008年憲法の停止を宣言し、並行政府を樹立した。並行政府は、新たな憲法制定までのロードマップを示した連邦民主憲章を採択し、少数民族、市民社会組織等多様なアクターを交えて、連邦民主国家の樹立をめざした新憲法起草作業を進めている。2025年3月にタイ(バンコク及びチェンマイ)で関係者へのインタビュー調査を実施した。
ミャンマーでは、独立以来、民族和解が主要な課題であり、新憲法起草の最重要論点は、少数民族の自治を保障した連邦制を実現することである。新憲法起草に関わる多様なアクターの、それぞれの連邦制像は異なる。現在、並行政府案、与党・国民民主連盟(NLD)案、少数民族らを中心とする草案2つの合計4つの憲法草案がある。州をどのように構成するか、連邦と州の権限をどのように分配し少数民族の自決権を保障するか、各州治安部隊をどう位置付けるが今後の課題である。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2024 Annual Research Report
  • 2023 Research-status Report
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (60 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (20 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Open Access: 11 results,  Peer Reviewed: 7 results) Presentation (29 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 23 results,  Invited: 5 results) Book (10 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] 翻訳:ミャンマー連邦市民兵役法(国家平和発展評議会法2010年第27 号)2024

    • Author(s)
      牧野 絵美
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 10 Pages: 135-143

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Good Legislative Practice: Strategies to Improve the Quality of Legislation in Uzbekistan2024

    • Author(s)
      Ismatov Aziz
    • Journal Title

      Good Legislative Practice: Strategies to Improve the Quality of Legislation in Asia

      Volume: 1 Pages: 151-180

    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Re-blooming of Tourism in Asia: Legislation and Policy for Promoting Tourism Industry in Japan2024

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      in Jun-Won Hyon (Eds): Re-blooming of Tourism in Asia, KLRI/ALIN, Seoul

      Volume: 5 Pages: 278-307

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Redesigning the Law Curriculum in Uzbekistan2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov and Manuchehr Kudratov
    • Journal Title

      in Anja Mihr, and Cindy Wittke (Eds.): Human Rights Dissemination in Central Asia, Springer

      Volume: 5 Pages: 73-87

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Covid-19 and Digital Transformation Challenges: Experiences from Uzbekistan and Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Alatoo Academic Studies

      Volume: 43(1) Pages: 480-489

    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Constitutionalism and Human rights and in Uzbekistan: A symbiosis of conflicting doctrines and careful shift towards international-legal experience2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Jahrbuch fur Ostrecht

      Volume: Vol 63 Pages: 335-356

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] How do the Constitutions of Central Asia reflect the historical heritage of Russian colonialism?2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Democratization and Human Rights

      Volume: Vol 2 Pages: 125-137

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] ウズベキスタン1992年憲法制定過程における歴史的文脈の影響2022

    • Author(s)
      イスマトフ・アジズ
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: Vol. 7 Pages: 23-46

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 国軍によるミャンマー政変と2008年憲法2021

    • Author(s)
      牧野絵美
    • Journal Title

      法学セミナー

      Volume: 66巻8号 Pages: 69-74

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Do Hybrid Legal Systems Matter in Legal Transplantation Projects? Some Philosophical Aspects of Legal Aid in Uzbekistan as Provided by Foreign Donors2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Asian Journal of Law and Society

      Volume: Vol 8, Issue 2 Pages: 351-371

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Конституционные права человека в Узбекистане: позитивизм, традиционализм и осторожный разворот в сторону международно-правовых стандартов2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Сравнительное Конституционное Обозрение

      Volume: Vol. 141, Issue 2 Pages: 94-130

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 翻訳:ミャンマー連邦共和国緊急事態宣言(大統領府2021年命令第1号)2021

    • Author(s)
      牧野 絵美
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 6 Pages: 121-124

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The Introduction of Modern Constitutionalism in Central Asian Post-Socialist Context: The Case of Constitutional Debate and Development on Human Rights in Uzbekistan in the Twentieth and Early Twenty First Centuries2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 6 Pages: 61-85

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Japan’s Legal Education Assistance in Asia: Building a Cohort of Jurists for Transition Reforms2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov, Emi Makino
    • Journal Title

      Asian Journal of Legal Education

      Volume: 8 Pages: 19-33

    • DOI

      10.1177/2322005820965608

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 東南アジア諸国における新型コロナウィルス感染症への法的対応2020

    • Author(s)
      牧野 絵美
    • Journal Title

      法学セミナー

      Volume: 65 Pages: 56-62

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Specifics of the Late Soviet Constitutional Supervision Debate: Lessons for Central Asian Constitutional Review?2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      CALE Discussion Paper

      Volume: 19 Pages: 71-93

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Evaluation of the Attitudes Between the Constitutional Tribunal and the Parliament in Myanmar2020

    • Author(s)
      Emi Makino
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 5 Pages: 69 - 83

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 翻訳:ミャンマー・連邦憲法裁判所法2020

    • Author(s)
      牧野 絵美
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 5 Pages: 117 - 126

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Multitraditionalist Constitutional Identity in Uzbekistan and Its Impact on Core Constitutional Goals2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      International Association of Constitutional Law Blog

      Volume: Blog Pages: Blog

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Constitutional Judiciary’s Role in Democratization Process in the Post-Soviet Central Asia. The Constitutional Court in Uzbekistan2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Journal Title

      Nagoya University Asian Law Bulletin

      Volume: 5 Pages: 5 - 20

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Presentation] ミャンマー憲法裁判所の機能と役割2024

    • Author(s)
      牧野 絵美
    • Organizer
      CALE Annual Conference 2023
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The institute of the presidency after communism2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Universal Standards of Human Rights and Their Implementation: Constitutionalism and International Justice at the turn of the era
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The essence of semantic provocations in Central Asian constitutional modernisation2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Language in Comparative Constitutional Studies. Conceptual Challenges and Epistemological Implications
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] The goals of external support for to constitution building” Lessons Learned from Support to Constitution Building Processes2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Kantar Public and the Constitution Transformation Network
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Re-blooming of Tourism in Asia: Legislation and Policy for Promoting Tourism Industry in Japan2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      The 19th ALIN General Meeting and International Conference
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] “E-Justice Platforms. An Assessment in Slow Motions: Case of Central Asia.2023

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Conference of Innovations in Judicial Systems: Human, Cyber and Beyond
    • Related Report
      2023 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Shaping Pandemic Responses in Central Asian Super-Presidential Context: A Case of Uzbekistan2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Governing Through Contagion: Perspectives Across Time and Space
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Uncovering Underlying Human Rights Theories in Hybrid Constitutional Frameworks of Central Asia2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      the 9th Asian Constitutional law Forum
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Plebiscitary rule and the dangers of constitutional borrowing in Central Asia2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Promoting Legal Research, Education, and Cooperation in Asia: Leaning from the Past, Looking to the Future
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A Conflict of De-ideologization and Transformation of Judicial Power in the Past-Socialist Transition Period in Asia2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Scientific Conference "October Readings 2022"
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Do Asian Post-Socialist Constitutions Reflect the 21Century’s Challenges of Climate Change and Environmental Protection?2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      First Asian Human Rights Forum on “Environment Climate Change and Human Rights”
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Japanese Legal Assistance and its Traditionalist Approach to Asian Transition2022

    • Author(s)
      Emi Makino
    • Organizer
      American Society of International Law "Global Engagement Series :Rivalry and Development: Views from Asia"
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] How well do the Central Asian Constitutions Accommodate Environment and Climate Change in the 21st Century?2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Conference on Contemporary Constitutionalism: Foreign and Domestic Perspectives
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Uzbekistan Government’s Actions against Covid-19 under Constitutional and Administrative, and Criminal Law2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      International Conference hosted by University Twinning and Networking Programme/ Handong Global University (Rep. of Korea)/ and Development of International Law in Asia-Korea (DILA)
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Applying Super-Presidentialist Solutions to Covid-19 Pandemic in Central Asia2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      International Conference ‘Law Crisis and Revival in Asia
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] A Failure of Constitutional Revolutions in Central Asia: Traditionalism, Nominalism, and Rights2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      18th Asian Law Institute Conference on ‘Law, Technology, and Diversity in Asia’
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Uzbekistan and COVID-19: Governing Through Strong Executive Orders2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      17th ALIN General Meeting and International Conference ‘Legal Measures for Tackling Pandemic in Asia: Lessons Learned and the Way Forward’
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] State Succession and Statelessness in Central Asia: Transit to a Solution for Stateless Women and Children2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      International Workshop hosted by National University of Singapore and Melbourne Law School
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] How Chinese investments in Uzbekistan influence cooperation within legal field and promote further the Belt and Road Initiative?2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      International Conference on Law and Development
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Ghost Refugees: Populist Human Rights and Development Frameworks in Central Asia2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      AsianSIL 8th Biennial Conference ‘What place for international law in the Asian future?’
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Clumsy border demarcation, undocumented mixed marriage, and stateless trans-border spouses in Central Asian enclaves2021

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      CALE Annual International Conefernce
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Positive or natural rights? converging conflicting doctrines in Central Asia's post-socialist constitutions2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Workshop on Consolidating Constitutionalism in New Democracies: Perspectives from Eurasia (I)
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] The Introduction of Modern Constitutionalism in Central Asian Post-Socialist Context: The Case of Constitutional Debate and Development on Human Rights in Uzbekistan in the Twentieth and Early Twenty First Centuries2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Multiple Aspects on Constitutionalism - Asian Contexts and its Logic, International Conference on Legal Assistance Studies
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Evaluation of the Attitudes between the Constitutional Tribunal and the Parliament in Myanmar2019

    • Author(s)
      Emi Makino
    • Organizer
      16th Asian Law Institute (ASLI) Conference “The Rule of Law and The Role of Law in Asia”
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Do Hybrid Legal Systems Matter in Legal Transplantation Projects? Some Philosophical Aspects of Legal Aid in Uzbekistan as Provided by Foreign Donors2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Asian Law and Society Association 4th Annual Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Experiments with the Legal Education Doctrine in Uzbekistan. Select Critical Matters, their Pros and Cons2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Roundtable on Legal Education in Asia: Characteristics of Legal Education in Uzbekistan and Challenges of Transition Period
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Specifics of the Late Soviet Constitutional Supervision Debate: Lessons for Central Asian Constitutional Review?2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      Workshop on the Emergence and Features of the Constitutional Review Bodies in Asia - A Comparative Analysis of Transitional Countries Development
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] The Social Justice and the Death Penalty within the Structures of the Socialist Legal Systems in ASEAN: A case of Vietnam and Laos2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      The 15th ALIN General Meeting and International Conference
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Constitutional Judiciary and Democratization in the Post-Soviet Central Asia. The Constitutional Court in Uzbekistan2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Organizer
      16th Asian Law Institute (ASLI) Conference “The Rule of Law and The Role of Law in Asia”
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] “Hidden Statelessness Dimensions of State Succession in Central Asia: Transit to a Solution for Stateless Trans-Border Wives and Children” in Statelessness in Asia2024

    • Author(s)
      Ismatov Aziz
    • Total Pages
      401
    • Publisher
      Cambridge University Press
    • ISBN
      978-1009399593
    • Related Report
      2024 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] Dynamics of Contemporary Constitutionalism in Eurasia2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov, Herber Kuepper, Obata Kaoru
    • Total Pages
      400
    • Publisher
      Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag: Berlin (Band-86)
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Legal and Policy Framework of Future Green Energy in Asia: with a focus on hydrogen and electric vehicles2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov and Kyunggun Kim et all
    • Total Pages
      23
    • Publisher
      Korean Legal Research Institute & Asian Legal Information Network
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Human Rights Dissemination in Central Asia2022

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov, Manuchehr Kudratov
    • Total Pages
      16
    • Publisher
      Springer
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 新版 アジア憲法集2021

    • Author(s)
      牧野絵美
    • Total Pages
      1312
    • Publisher
      明石書店
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] アジア法整備支援叢書 多様な法世界における法整備支援2021

    • Author(s)
      牧野絵美
    • Total Pages
      612
    • Publisher
      旬報社
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Emergence and Features of the Constitutional Review Bodies in Asia2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov, Emi Makino
    • Total Pages
      93
    • Publisher
      CALE
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Book] The Social Justice and the Death Penalty within the Structure of the Socialist Legal Systems in ASEAN: A case of Vietnam and Laos2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Total Pages
      210 (131-144)
    • Publisher
      Korean Legal Research Institute
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Book] “Equal Citizenship, Language, and Ethnicity Dilemmas in the Context of the Post-socialist Legal Reforms in Central Asia.” In Alexandr Akimov, Gennadi Kazakevitch, 30 Years since the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Turns and Twists in Economies, Politics, and Societies in the Post-Communist Countries2020

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Total Pages
      437(289-308)
    • Publisher
      Palgrave Macmillan
    • ISBN
      978-981-15-0317-7
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] Legal Education in Uzbekistan: Historical Overview and Challenges of Transition2019

    • Author(s)
      Aziz Ismatov
    • Total Pages
      130
    • Publisher
      CALE Discussion Paper
    • ISBN
      None
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] CALEウェブサイト

    • URL

      http://cale.law.nagoya-u.ac.jp/research_and_projects/Makino_emi_C.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report 2019 Research-status Report

URL: 

Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-12-26  

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