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Understanding of an energy source of astrophysical jets with X-ray polarimetry

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K03902
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 15020:Experimental studies related to particle-, nuclear-, cosmic ray and astro-physics
Research InstitutionInstitute of Physical and Chemical Research

Principal Investigator

Kitaguchi Takao  国立研究開発法人理化学研究所, 開拓研究本部, 研究員 (30620679)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
KeywordsX線 / 偏光 / 科学衛星 / 宇宙 / 天体 / 機械学習 / ブラックホール / 宇宙ジェット / X線
Outline of Research at the Start

ブラックホール (BH) から相対論的な速さで吹き出すジェットの生成機構は、天体物理学の未解決問題の一つである。莫大なパワーの供給源として、BH の自転エネルギーが有力説だが、観測的な検証は不十分である。そこで本研究では、2021 年にX線偏光観測衛星を打ち上げ、X線偏光を用いた新プローブで BH 自転速度を決めて、ジェットのエネルギー源が BH 自転に起因するか検証する。偏光検出の天体数および精度を上げるには装置の高度化が必要であり、機械学習を用いた新手法を導入する。この方法はあらゆる天体の偏光観測に応用できるので、本研究により 2020 年代に花開くX線偏光天体物理学の発展を加速させる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Astronomical X-ray polarimetry was achieved with the IXPE satellite and was applied to the black hole (BH) binary Cygnus X-1. The observed X-rays were linearly polarized with its degree of 4% and direction aligned to the outflowing jet, implying that X-rays were emitted from hot plasma spatially extended in a plane perpendicular to the jet axis, then were scattered with the disk, and finally arrived at Earth, where the accretion disk is viewed close to edge-on. Therefore, polarized x-rays are efficient to constrain the disk-jet geometry in black hole x-ray binaries.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

ブラックホールを含む連星系はX線で明るく輝くことは知られていて、発見から 50 年以上経つ今でも盛んに観測されている。しかし、X線を放出する高温プラズマがブラックホール付近にどのように分布しているかは不明であり、今も議論が続いている。その理由は、X線のエネルギー分布 (スペクトル) に特徴が少なく、情報が縮退しているためである。この情報縮退を解くために、新しい物理量であるX線の偏光を測り、ブラックホール周辺のプラズマの幾何情報を初めて導いたのが、本研究の成果である。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (52 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (8 results) Journal Article (37 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 36 results,  Peer Reviewed: 29 results,  Open Access: 25 results) Presentation (6 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] INAF-Pisa(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ワシントン大学セントルイス(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] INAF-Pisa(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ワシントン大学セントルイス(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] セントルイス・ワシントン大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] INFN-Pisa(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] NASA/GSFC/Washington University in St. Louis(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] INAF/Pisa(イタリア)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Simultaneous space and phase resolved X-ray polarimetry of the Crab pulsar and nebula2023

    • Author(s)
      Bucciantini Niccolo`...Watanabe E(11番目)
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: - Issue: 5 Pages: 602-610

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-023-01936-8

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] IXPE Observations of the Quintessential Wind-accreting X-Ray Pulsar Vela X-12023

    • Author(s)
      Forsblom Sofia V.、(50名省略)、Kitaguchi Takao、(49名省略)
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 947 Issue: 2 Pages: L20-L20

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/acc391

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The design and performance of the XL-Calibur anticoincidence shield2023

    • Author(s)
      Iyer N.K.、(13名省略)、Kitaguchi T.、(19名省略)
    • Journal Title

      Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

      Volume: 1048 Pages: 167975-167975

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.nima.2022.167975

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The IXPE View of GRB 221009A2023

    • Author(s)
      Negro Michela、(78名省略)、Kitaguchi Takao、(32名省略)
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 946 Issue: 1 Pages: L21-L21

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/acba17

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] X-Ray Polarimetry Reveals the Magnetic-field Topology on Sub-parsec Scales in Tycho’s Supernova Remnant2023

    • Author(s)
      Ferrazzoli Riccardo et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 945 Issue: 1 Pages: 52-52

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acb496

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A Strong X-Ray Polarization Signal from the Magnetar 1RXS J170849.0-4009102023

    • Author(s)
      Zane Silvia et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 944 Issue: 2 Pages: L27-L27

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/acb703

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarization Properties of the Weakly Magnetized Neutron Star X-Ray Binary GS 1826?238 in the High Soft State2023

    • Author(s)
      Capitanio Fiamma et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 943 Issue: 2 Pages: 129-129

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/acae88

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Accretion geometry of the neutron star low mass X-ray binary Cyg X-2 from X-ray polarization measurements2022

    • Author(s)
      Farinelli R、(45名省略)、Kitaguchi T、(48名省略)
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 519 Issue: 3 Pages: 3681-3690

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac3726

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Mapping the circumnuclear regions of the Circinus galaxy with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer2022

    • Author(s)
      Ursini F et al.
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 519 Issue: 1 Pages: 50-58

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac3189

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] X-Ray Polarization Observations of BL Lacertae2022

    • Author(s)
      Middei Riccardo、Liodakis Ioannis、Perri Matteo、Uemura Makoto、他144名
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 942 Issue: 1 Pages: 10-23

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/aca281

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Vela pulsar wind nebula X-rays are polarized to near the synchrotron limit2022

    • Author(s)
      Xie Fei...Watanabe E(21番目)
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 612 Issue: 7941 Pages: 658-660

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-022-05476-5

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Determination of X-ray pulsar geometry with IXPE polarimetry2022

    • Author(s)
      Doroshenko Victor et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Astronomy

      Volume: 6 Issue: 12 Pages: 1433-1443

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41550-022-01799-5

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The X-Ray Polarimetry View of the Accreting Pulsar Cen X-32022

    • Author(s)
      Tsygankov Sergey S et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 941 Issue: 1 Pages: L14-L14

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/aca486

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarized x-rays constrain the disk-jet geometry in the black hole x-ray binary Cygnus X-12022

    • Author(s)
      Krawczynski Henric et al.
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 378 Issue: 6620 Pages: 650-654

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.add5399

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarized x-rays from a magnetar2022

    • Author(s)
      Taverna Roberto et al.
    • Journal Title

      Science

      Volume: 378 Issue: 6620 Pages: 646-650

    • DOI

      10.1126/science.add0080

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarized blazar X-rays imply particle acceleration in shocks2022

    • Author(s)
      Liodakis Ioannis et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature

      Volume: 611 Issue: 7937 Pages: 677-681

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41586-022-05338-0

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Polarization constraints on the X-ray corona in Seyfert Galaxies: MCG-05-23-162022

    • Author(s)
      Marinucci A et al.
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 516 Issue: 4 Pages: 5907-5913

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stac2634

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Observations of 4U 1626-67 with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer2022

    • Author(s)
      Marshall Herman L. et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 940 Issue: 1 Pages: 70-70

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac98c2

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The X-Ray Polarization View of Mrk 421 in an Average Flux State as Observed by the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer2022

    • Author(s)
      Di Gesu Laura et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 938 Issue: 1 Pages: L7-L7

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ac913a

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] X-Ray Polarization Detection of Cassiopeia A with IXPE2022

    • Author(s)
      Vink Jacco et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 938 Issue: 1 Pages: 40-40

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac8b7b

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Performance of the X-Calibur hard X-ray polarimetry mission during its 2018/19 long-duration balloon flight2022

    • Author(s)
      Abarr Q.、(14名省略)、Kitaguchi Takao、(15名省略)
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 143 Pages: 102749-102749

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2022.102749

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Optical performance of the x-ray telescope for the XL-Calibur experiment2022

    • Author(s)
      W. Kamogawa, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proc. of SPIE

      Volume: 12181 Pages: 1218171-1218171

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2626537

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Limits on X-Ray Polarization at the Core of Centaurus A as Observed with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer2022

    • Author(s)
      Ehlert Steven R. et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 935 Issue: 2 Pages: 116-116

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ac8056

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Design, construction, and test of the Gas Pixel Detectors for the IXPE mission2021

    • Author(s)
      Baldini L.、(55名省略)、Kitaguchi T.、(37名省略)
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 133 Pages: 102628-102628

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2021.102628

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The Instrument of the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer2021

    • Author(s)
      Soffitta Paolo、(41名省略)、Kitaguchi Takao、(38名省略)
    • Journal Title

      The Astronomical Journal

      Volume: 162 Issue: 5 Pages: 208-208

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-3881/ac19b0

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Application of a new X-ray reflection model to V1223 Sagittarii2021

    • Author(s)
      Hayashi Takayuki、Kitaguchi Takao、Ishida Manabu
    • Journal Title

      Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

      Volume: 504 Issue: 3 Pages: 3651-3661

    • DOI

      10.1093/mnras/stab809

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report 2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Detailed design of the science operations for the XRISM mission2021

    • Author(s)
      Terada Yukikatsu、Holland Matt、Loewenstein Michael、Tashiro Makoto、他35名(35番目)
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems

      Volume: 7 Issue: 03 Pages: 037001-037001

    • DOI

      10.1117/1.jatis.7.3.037001

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] XL-Calibur: the next-generation balloon-borne hard x-ray polarimeter2021

    • Author(s)
      Maeda Yoshitomo、Abarr Quincy、Awaki Hisamitsu et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 316-316

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2560319

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] XL-Calibur - a second-generation balloon-borne hard X-ray polarimetry mission2021

    • Author(s)
      Abarr Q.、Awaki H.、Baring M.G.、Bose R. et al.
    • Journal Title

      Astroparticle Physics

      Volume: 126 Pages: 102529-102529

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.astropartphys.2020.102529

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] NinjaSat: an agile CubeSat approach for monitoring of bright x-ray compact objects2020

    • Author(s)
      Enoto, Teruaki; Tamagawa, Toru; ほか (Itoh, Yousuke含む)
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 170-170

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2561152

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Status of x-ray imaging and spectroscopy mission (XRISM)2020

    • Author(s)
      Tashiro Makoto S.、Maejima Hironori、Toda Kenichi et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 1-11

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2565812

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] The XRISM science data center: optimizing the scientific return from a unique x-ray observatory2020

    • Author(s)
      Loewenstein Michael、Hill Robert S.、Holland Matthew P et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 1-16

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2560840

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Detail plans and preparations for the science operations of the XRISM mission2020

    • Author(s)
      Terada Yukikatsu、Holland Matthew P.、Loewenstein Michael et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 1-20

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2560861

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Current status of the x-ray mirror for the XL-Calibur experiment2020

    • Author(s)
      Hattori Kengo、Matsumoto Hironori、Abarr Quincy et al.
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2560928

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Development and performance verification of a TPC polarimeter for high energy x-rays2020

    • Author(s)
      Takeda Tomoshi、Black Joel K.、Enoto Teruaki、Hayato Asami、Hill Joanne、Iwakiri Wataru、Jahoda Keith M.、Kitaguchi Takao、Okubo Miho、Tamagawa Toru、Tsutsumi Marina、Uchiyama Keisuke、Yoshida Yuto、Zhou Yuanhui
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the SPIE

      Volume: 11444 Pages: 241-241

    • DOI

      10.1117/12.2561313

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Observations of a GX 301-2 Apastron Flare with the X-Calibur Hard X-Ray Polarimeter Supported by NICER, the Swift XRT and BAT, and Fermi GBM2020

    • Author(s)
      Abarr Q.、Baring M.、Beheshtipour B.、Beilicke M.、Geronimo G. de、Dowkontt P.、Errando M.、Guarino V.、Iyer N.、Kislat F.、Kiss M.、Kitaguchi T.、Krawczynski H.、Lanzi J.、Li S.、Lisalda L.、Okajima T.、Pearce M.、Press L.、Rauch B.、Stuchlik D.、Takahashi H.、Tang J.、Uchida N.、West A.、Jenke P.、Krimm H. et. al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 891 Issue: 1 Pages: 70-70

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/ab672c

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] A convolutional neural network approach for reconstructing polarization information of photoelectric X-ray polarimeters2019

    • Author(s)
      Kitaguchi Takao、Black Kevin、Enoto Teruaki、Hayato Asami、Hill Joanne E.、Iwakiri Wataru B.、Kaaret Philip、Mizuno Tsunefumi、Tamagawa Toru
    • Journal Title

      Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

      Volume: 942 Pages: 162389-162389

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.nima.2019.162389

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 超小型X線衛星 NinjaSat に搭載するガスX線検出器のオンボード信号処理2022

    • Author(s)
      北口貴雄ほか
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 超小型X線衛星 NinjaSat の開発進捗2022

    • Author(s)
      北口貴雄ほか
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 超小型X線衛星 NinjaSat に搭載するデータ取得ボードの開発2022

    • Author(s)
      北口貴雄ほか
    • Organizer
      日本物理学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Monte Carlo Estimation of X-ray Polarization for Intermediate Polars2021

    • Author(s)
      Kitaguchi Takao、Hayashi Takayuki、 Ishida Manabu
    • Organizer
      IAUS 360: Astronomical Polarimetry -- New Era of Multi-Wavelength Polarimetry
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 機械学習を用いた飛跡画像処理による光電子追跡型X線偏光計の感度向上およびIXPE衛星データへの応用2019

    • Author(s)
      北口 貴雄,玉川 徹,早藤 麻美,岩切 渉,榎戸 輝揚,水野 恒史,Niccol`o Di Lalla
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] A machine learning approach for reconstructing X-ray polarization information acquired with micro-pattern gas polarimeters2019

    • Author(s)
      Takao Kitaguchi, Teruaki Enoto, Asami Hayato, Wataru Iwakiri, Toshio Nakano, Toru Tamagawa
    • Organizer
      MicroPattern Gaseous Detectors Conference 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Remarks] プレスリリース:ブラックホールからX線の偏光を初観測

    • URL

      https://www.riken.jp/press/2022/20221125_1/index.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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