Measuring Interstellar Magnetic Field with Goldreich-Kylafis Effect

• Project/Area Number: 19K03919
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 16010:Astronomy-related
• Research Institution: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
• Principal Investigator: Tomisaka Kohji 国立天文台, 科学研究部, 名誉教授 (70183879)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
• Keywords: 星間磁場 / フィラメント状分子雲 / 磁気静水圧平衡 / 分子雲衝突 / 非局所熱平衡 / Goldreich-Kylafis効果 / フィラメント衝突 / 観測的可視化 / LVG近似

Outline of Research at the Start

星間分子の回転遷移線の直線偏波面から星間磁場の構造を求める。磁場中でゼーマン分裂した励起状態からの遷移線は磁場方向に到来する円偏波成分（ゼーマン効果）と磁場と垂直方向に到来する直線偏波成分を生じる。熱的な束縛遷移に対する後者をGoldreich-Kylafis（GK）効果と呼ぶ。本研究では、星形成過程で予想されるGK効果を近似的方法（ソボレフ近似）と第一原理（モンテカルロ）シミュレーションで求め、観測と比較し、磁場構造を決定する。これは星間塵が磁場に沿って整列するという経験論的効果によらず磁場構造が決められるという大きなメリットがある。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to explore the magnetic field changes during the star formation. The shape of the interstellar magnetic field is determined by measuring the linear polarization of thermal radiation from interstellar dust aligned with the magnetic field and the Goldreich-Kylafis (GK) effect, which is the linear polarization of interstellar molecular emission lines in the magnetic field.
The equilibrium shape of the magnetic interstellar filament was investigated with changing the equation of state of the gas. Gas with negative potytropic index fitted the observed density distribution better than the isothermal gas. Predicting the polarization pattern of thermal radiation, the magnetic field squeezed toward the center whose profile is realized by magnetic filaments with high center density corresponded to the observations.
We have established an outline of the calculation method for the polarization of the GK effect.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

星形成における磁場の役割を明らかにするため、偏光（偏光度、偏光面、偏光強度）予測シミュレーションをいくつかの天体現象について行った。力学的釣り合いシミュレーションや動的収縮シミュレーションの結果を偏光予測シミュレーションすることで、どのような3次元磁場形状が（使用するモデルの範囲内ではあるが）観測される2次元的な偏光諸量の分布を説明するのかを明らかにすることができるようになった。偏光観測を天体に存在する磁場の測定に結びつけるための強力な方法論を手にしたことになる。

Research Products

• [Journal Article] JCMT BISTRO Observations: Magnetic Field Morphology of Bubbles Associated with NGC 6334 (2023)
  • Author(s): Tahani, Mehrnoosh; Bastien, Pierre; Furuya, Ray S.; Pattle, Kate; Johnstone, Doug; Arzoumanian, Doris; Doi, Yasuo; Hasegawa, Tetsuo; Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro; Hiroyuki Nakanishi et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 944 Issue: 2 Pages: 139-139
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acac81
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Twisted magnetic field in star formation processes of L1521F revealed by submillimeter dual-band polarimetry using the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (2023)
  • Author(s): Fukaya Sakiko、Shinnaga Hiroko、Furuya Ray S、Tomisaka Kohji、Machida Masahiro N、Harada Naoto
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 75 Issue: 1 Pages: 120-127
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psac094
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO-2 Survey: Magnetic Fields of the Massive DR21 Filament (2022)
  • Author(s): Ching, Tao-Chung; Qiu, Keping; Li, Di; Ren, Zhiyuan; Lai, Shih-Ping; Berry, David; Pattle, Kate; Furuya, Ray; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Johnstone, Doug; Hiroyuki Nakanishi et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 941 Issue: 2 Pages: 122-122
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9dfb
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] A Spiral Magnetic Field in a Hub-filament Structure, Monoceros R2 (2022)
  • Author(s): Hwang, J. et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 941 Issue: 1 Pages: 51-51
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac99e0
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] B-fields in star-forming region observations (BISTRO): magnetic fields in the filamentary structures of Serpens Main (2022)
  • Author(s): W. Kwon, K. Pattle, S. Sadavoy, 他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 926 Issue: 2 Pages: 163-163
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4bbe
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mushroom-instability-driven Magnetic Reconnections in Collisionless Relativistic Jets (2022)
  • Author(s): Kawashima Tomohisa、Ishiguro Seiji、Moritaka Toseo、Horiuchi Ritoku、Tomisaka Kohji
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 928 Issue: 1 Pages: 62-62
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5591
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Magnetohydrostatic Equilibrium Structure and Mass of Polytropic Filamentary Cloud Threaded by Lateral Magnetic Field (2021)
  • Author(s): Kashiwagi Raiga、Tomisaka Kohji
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 911 Issue: 2 Pages: 106-106
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abea7a
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Revealing the diverse magnetic field morphologies in Taurus dense cores with sensitive sub-millimeter polarimetry (2021)
  • Author(s): E. Chakali, D. Li, R. S. Furuya, 他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 912 Issue: 2 Pages: L27-L27
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abeb1c
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Super-fast Rotation in the OMC 2/FIR 6b Jet (2021)
  • Author(s): Matsushita Yuko、Takahashi Satoko、Ishii Shun、Tomisaka Kohji、Ho Paul T. P.、Carpenter John M.、Machida Masahiro N.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 916 Issue: 1 Pages: 23-23
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac069f
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO Survey: 950/450 micron meter polarization study toward NGC 2071IR in Orion B (2021)
  • Author(s): A. Lyo, J. Kim, S. Sadavo, 他
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 918 Issue: 2 Pages: 85-85
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0ce9
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Evidence for Pinched Magnetic Fields in Quiescent Filaments of NGC 1333 (2021)
  • Author(s): Doi Yasuo、Tomisaka Kohji、Hasegawa Tetsuo、Coude Simon、Arzoumanian Doris、...全36名
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 923 Issue: 1 Pages: L9-L9
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac3cc1
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Dust polarized emission observations of NGC 6334 (2021)
  • Author(s): Arzoumanian D.、Furuya R. S.、Hasegawa T.、Tahani M.、et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 647 Pages: A78-A78
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038624
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Observations of Magnetic Fields Surrounding LkHα 101 Taken by the BISTRO Survey with JCMT-POL-2 (2021)
  • Author(s): Ngoc Nguyen Bich、他、including Kohji Tomisaka
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 908 Issue: 1 Pages: 10-10
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abd0fc
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Distortion of Magnetic Fields in the Dense Core SL 42 (CrA-E) in the Corona Australis Molecular Cloud Complex (2020)
  • Author(s): Kandori Ryo、Tamura Motohide、Saito Masao、Tomisaka Kohji、Matsumoto Tomoaki、Tazaki Ryo、Nagata Tetsuya、Kusakabe Nobuhiko、Nakajima Yasushi、Kwon Jungmi、Nagayama Takahiro、Tatematsu Ken’ichi
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 900 Issue: 1 Pages: 20-20
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abaab3
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Magnetic Fields Associated with a Network of Filaments in NGC 1333 (2020)
  • Author(s): Doi Yasuo、Hasegawa Tetsuo、Furuya Ray S.、et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 899 Issue: 1 Pages: 28-28
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aba1e2
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Disk Structure around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS Revealed by ALMA: A Warped-disk System (2020)
  • Author(s): Sai, Jinshi; Ohashi, Nagayoshi; Saigo, Kazuya; Matsumoto, Tomoaki; Aso, Yusuke; Takakuwa, Shigehisa; Aikawa, Yuri; Kurose, Ippei; Yen, Hsi-Wei; Tomisaka, Kohji; Tomida, Kengo; Machida, Masahiro N.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 893 Issue: 1 Pages: 51-51
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8065
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Fragmentation of a Filamentary Cloud Threaded by Perpendicular Magnetic Field (2020)
  • Author(s): Hanawa Tomoyuki、Kudoh Takahiro、Tomisaka Kohji
  • Journal Title: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Volume: 14 Issue: A30 Pages: 105-105
  • DOI: 10.1017/s1743921319003600
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Distortion of magnetic fields in Barnard 68 (2019)
  • Author(s): Kandori Ryo、Tamura Motohide、Saito Masao、Tomisaka Kohji、Matsumoto Tomoaki、Kusakabe Nobuhiko、Kwon Jungmi、Nagayama Takahiro、Nagata Tetsuya、Tazaki Ryo、Tatematsu Ken’ichi
  • Journal Title: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan Volume: 72 Issue: 1 Pages: 8-8
  • DOI: 10.1093/pasj/psz127
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Fragmentation of a Filamentary Cloud Permeated by a Perpendicular Magnetic Field. II. Dependence on the Initial Density Profile (2019)
  • Author(s): Hanawa Tomoyuki、Kudoh Takahiro、Tomisaka Kohji
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 881 Issue: 2 Pages: 97-97
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab2d26
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The Magnetic Field of the Barnard 1 Star-forming Region (2019)
  • Author(s): Coude Simon、Bastien Pierre、Houde Martin、Sadavoy Sarah、... Tomisaka Kohji、...、The B-fields In STar-forming Regions Observations (BISTRO) Collaboration
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 877 Issue: 2 Pages: 88-88
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1b23
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The JCMT BISTRO Survey: The magnetic field in the starless core rho Ophiuchus C (2019)
  • Author(s): Liu, J., Qiu, K., Berry, D., Francesco, J. D., et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 877 Issue: 1 Pages: 43-43
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab0958
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] JCMT BISTRO Survey: Magnetic Fields within the Hub-filament Structure in IC 5146 (2019)
  • Author(s): Wang Jia-Wei、Lai Shih-Ping、Eswaraiah Chakali et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 876 Issue: 1 Pages: 42-42
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab13a2
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] BISTRO Project Status (13) (2023)
  • Author(s): 古屋 玲、D. Arzoumanian、犬塚 修一郎、井上 剛志、岩崎 一成、...、富阪幸治、...
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2023年春季年会
• [Presentation] BISTRO Project Status (12) (2022)
  • Author(s): 古屋 玲、D. Arzoumanian、犬塚 修一郎、井上 剛志、岩崎 一成、...、富阪幸治、...
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
• [Presentation] 磁場に貫かれたフィラメント状分子雲同士の衝突進化シミュレーション (2022)
  • Author(s): 柏木 頼我、岩崎 一成、富阪 幸治
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2022年秋季年会
• [Presentation] Visualization Simulation of Magnetic Field: Outflow, Filaments, and Polarization (2022)
  • Author(s): Kohji Tomisaka
  • Organizer: East Asia Numerical Astrophysics Meeting 9
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 星形成領域 NGC 1333 の磁場構造 III (2022)
  • Author(s): 土井靖生, Jungmi Kwon, 富阪幸治, 長谷川哲夫, Doris Arzoumanian, 島尻芳人, 田村元秀 , 松村雅文, 古屋玲, 犬塚修一郎, 他 BISTRO チーム
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2022 年春季年会
• [Presentation] JCMT 2 波長偏波観測で見えてきた分子雲コア L1521F の星形成の現場 (2022)
  • Author(s): 深谷紗希子, 新永浩子, 古屋玲, 町田正博, 原田直人, 富阪幸治
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2022 年春季年会
• [Presentation] OMC-2/FIR 6b からの高速回転ジェットの駆動 (2021)
  • Author(s): 松下祐子, 高橋智子, 石井俊, 富阪幸治, Paul Ho, John Carpenter, 町田正博
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2021 年秋季年会
• [Presentation] Polarimetry Observational Visualization: Molecular Outflow and Filaments (2021)
  • Author(s): Kohji Tomisaka
  • Organizer: Astronomical Polarimetry 2020 New Era of Multi-Wavelength Polarimetry
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] 星形成における磁場の役割 (2021)
  • Author(s): 富阪幸治
  • Organizer: 国立天文台研究集会「(サブ)ミリ波単一鏡の革新で挑む, 天文学の未解決問題」
  • Invited
• [Presentation] BISTRO Project Status (9) (2021)
  • Author(s): 長谷川哲夫(国立天文台)、他31名、富阪幸治を含む
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2021 年春季年会
• [Presentation] サブミリ波を用いたおうし座分子雲コア L1521 F における磁場構造の観測的 研究 (2021)
  • Author(s): 深谷紗希子, 新永浩子 (鹿児島大学), 古屋玲 (徳島大学), 町田正博 (九州大学), 富阪幸治 (国立天文台)
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2021 年春季年会
• [Presentation] 星形成を巡るいくつかの問題 (2020)
  • Author(s): 富阪幸治
  • Organizer: 第３３回 理論懇シンポジウム 「理論天文学・宇宙物理学のブレイクスルー」
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 磁場に貫かれたフィラメント状分子雲の平衡状態における温度勾配の影響 (2020)
  • Author(s): 柏木頼我 (国立天文台/総合研究大学院大学), 富阪幸治 (国立天文台/総合研究大学院大学)
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2020 年秋季年会
• [Presentation] オリオン大星雲 2 Class0 天体 FIR6c から駆動するアウトフローの CO, SiO 分 子輝線から探る構造 (2020)
  • Author(s): 松下祐子, 高橋智子, 石井駿, 富阪幸治 (国立天文台), 町田正博 (九州大学)
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2020 年秋季年会
• [Presentation] 磁場に貫かれたフィラメント状分子雲でのコア形成：落下速度の非等方性 (2020)
  • Author(s): 工藤哲洋（長崎大），花輪知幸（千葉大），富阪幸治（国立天文台）
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2020 年春季年会
• [Presentation] 磁場に貫かれたフィラメント状分子雲の平衡解:ポリトロピック指数の効果 (2020)
  • Author(s): 柏木頼我 (国立天文台/総合研究大学院大学), 富阪幸治 (国立天文台/総合研究大学院大学)
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2020 年春季年会
• [Presentation] 分子雲コアの砂時計型磁場：凍結磁場モデルとコア形成の初期条件について (2020)
  • Author(s): 神鳥亮 (ABC), 富阪幸治, 齋藤正雄, 立松健一 (国立天文台), 田崎亮 (東北大学), 田村元秀, 日下部展彦 (ABC), 長田哲也 (京都大学), 中島康 (一橋大学), Jungmi Kwon (東京大学), 松本倫明 (法政大学), 永山貴宏 (鹿児島大学), IRSF/SIRPOL チーム
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会 2020 年春季年会
• [Presentation] OMC-2 における新たな Extremely High Velocity Flow の発見 (2019)
  • Author(s): 松下祐子 (九州大学), 高橋智子, 富阪幸治 (国立天文台), 町田正博 (九州大学)
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2019年秋季年会
• [Presentation] BISTRO：星形成領域における 450μm 帯ダスト熱放射偏波撮像マップ (2) (2019)
  • Author(s): 古屋 玲, D. Arzoumanian, 犬塚 修一郎, 井上 剛志, ..., 富阪 幸治, ...他, BISTRO Consortium
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2019年秋季年会
• [Presentation] 磁場に貫かれたフィラメント状分子雲でのコア形成：両極性拡散の効果 (2019)
  • Author(s): 工藤哲洋（長崎大），花輪知幸（千葉大），富阪幸治（国立天文台）
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会2019年秋季年会