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Search for IMBHs within the central 1 parsec of the Milky Way

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K03939
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 16010:Astronomy-related
Research InstitutionMeisei University (2023)
Japan Aerospace EXploration Agency (2019-2022)

Principal Investigator

Tsuboi Masato  明星大学, 理工学部, 教授 (10202186)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 三好 真  国立天文台, JASMINEプロジェクト, 助教 (50270450)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥390,000 (Direct Cost: ¥300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥90,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥780,000 (Direct Cost: ¥600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥180,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Keywordsブラックホール / 中間質量ブラックホール / 銀河系中心 / ミリ波サブミリ波干渉計 / 大質量星 / 位置天文学 / サブミリ波天文学 / 銀河中心ブラックホール / 位置天文学観測 / 星形成 / 大質量生成 / 銀河系中心アーク / 銀河系中心ローブ / 銀河中心 / 超巨星
Outline of Research at the Start

銀河系中心の巨大ブラックホール(GCBH)の成長過程を探るためにALMAを用いて銀河系中心近傍1pc内での中間質量ブラックホール(IMBH)の探査を実施する。探査の方法は以下の2つである。
1)水素再結合観測による電離ガスのダイナミックスによる探査
2)ALMAで検出されるWR/早期O型星の位置天文学による探査
すでに我々自身の先行研究でこの領域にIMBHのほぼ確かな候補を発見しているが、中心BHとこのIMBHが存在するだけでは宇宙年齢たっても両者の合体は起こりにくい。しかし第2のIMBH(すなわち第3BH)があれば3体相互作用で合体は起こり得てIMBHの合体による成長シナリオが現実的になる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This research is to search for an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) with a mass several thousand to tens of thousands of times that of the Sun, which is expected to exist within 1 pc near the Galactic Center (SgrA*) using the Atacama Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The idea is to use precision position astronomical data (especially proper motion) obtained from observations of ALMA. We obtained the following results; (1) We determined the positions of about 70 IR objects near Sgr A* using ALMA with over 1 mas accuracy. (2) From two epoch data, the proper motions of 65 of the objects were derived. The motions of almost all objects are described by Kepler motions around Sgr A*. (3) The exceptional case was found in IRS13E3 from the proper motions and the radial velocity of the H30a line. The gas in IRS13E3 is rotating around a object with several thousand solar mass. (4) The actual distance of IRS13E3 from Sgr A* was estimated from the chemical properties of the molecular gas.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

銀河系中心には太陽の400万倍の質量を持つ巨大ブラックホールが存在している。しかし、それがどうやって質量を獲得して現在の姿になったかは明らかではない。ガスが降着するとその重力エネルギーのため明るく輝くがその光の圧力のためガスの降着を妨げられる。この困難を解決するには固まった天体を落とせば良いが普通の星だと頻繁に落とす必要があるが、観測的には見つかっていない。そこで太陽の数千倍の質量を有する中間質量ブラックホールがたまに落ちる可能性が考えられた。実際のそんな天体があるだろうか、その探査がこの研究である。そして実際にその候補となる天体を見つけることができた。

Report

(6 results)
  • 2023 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Research-status Report
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (37 results)

All 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (12 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 7 results,  Peer Reviewed: 10 results,  Open Access: 10 results) Presentation (19 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 5 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Radio Astronomy Observatory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Radio Astronomical Observatory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Cologne(ドイツ)

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Radio Astronomy Observatory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Radio Astronomicla Observatory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] National Radio Astronomy Observatory(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] The Jet and Resolved Features of the Central Supermassive Black Hole of M87 Observed with EHT in 2017;Comparison with the GMVA 86 GHz Results2024

    • Author(s)
      Miyoshi Makoto, Kato Yoshiaki, Makino Junichiro, Tsuboi Masato
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal Letters

      Volume: 963 Issue: 1 Pages: L18-L18

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ad250e

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] X3: A High-mass Young Stellar Object Close to the Supermassive Black Hole Sgr A*2023

    • Author(s)
      Peissker Florian, Zajacek Micha, Sabha Nadeen B., Tsuboi Masato et al.
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 944 Issue: 2 Pages: 231-231

    • DOI

      10.3847/1538-4357/aca977

    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report 2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] ALMA astrometry of the objects within 0.5 pc of Sagittarius A*2022

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi, Masato, Tsutsumi, Takahiro, Miyazaki, Atsushi, Miyawaki, Ryosuke, Miyoshi, Makoto
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 74 Issue: 4 Pages: 738756-738756

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psac031

    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Hot molecular core candidates in the Galactic center 50 km s^-1 molecular cloud2021

    • Author(s)
      Ryosuke Miyawaki, Masato Tsuboi, Kenta Uehara, Atsushi Miyazaki
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: 4 Pages: 943-969

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psab056

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] ALMA Astrometry of the IR Stars in the Vicinity of Sgr A*2021

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi, M., Kitamura, Y., Tsutsumi, T., Miyawaki, R. , Miyoshi, M., Miyazaki, A.
    • Journal Title

      ASP Conference Series

      Volume: 528 Pages: 315-316

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Ionized Gas Ring Rotating Around the Galactic Center IMBH, IRS13E32021

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi, M, Kitamura, Y., Tsutsumi, T. , Miyawaki, R., Miyoshi, M., Miyazaki, A.
    • Journal Title

      ASP Conference Series

      Volume: 528 Pages: 155-158

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Cloud-cloud collision in the Galactic Center Arc2021

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi Masato、Kitamura Yoshimi、Uehara Kenta、Miyawaki Ryosuke、Tsutsumi Takahiro、Miyazaki Atsushi、Miyoshi Makoto
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 73 Issue: Supplement_1 Pages: S91-S116

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa095

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Time Variations in the Flux Density of Sgr A* at 230 GHz Detected with ALMA2020

    • Author(s)
      Iwata Yuhei、Oka Tomoharu、Tsuboi Masato、Miyoshi Makoto、Takekawa Shunya
    • Journal Title

      The Astrophysical Journal

      Volume: 892 Issue: 2 Pages: L30-L30

    • DOI

      10.3847/2041-8213/ab800d

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Sub-millimeter detection of a Galactic center cool star IRS?7 by ALMA2020

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi Masato、Kitamura Yoshimi、Tsutsumi Takahiro、Miyawaki Ryosuke、Miyoshi Makoto、Miyazaki Atsushi
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 72 Issue: 2

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa013

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report 2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] How far actually is the Galactic Center IRS 13E3 from Sagittarius A*?2020

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi Masato、Kitamura Yoshimi、Tsutsumi Takahiro、Miyawaki Ryosuke、Miyoshi Makoto、Miyazaki Atsushi
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 72 Issue: 3

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa016

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report 2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Where is the western part of the Galactic Center Lobe located really?2020

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi Masato、Tsutsumi Takahiro、Kitamura Yoshimi、Miyawaki Ryosuke、Miyazaki Atsushi、Miyoshi Makoto
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 72 Issue: 5

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psaa077

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Rotating ionized gas ring around the Galactic center IRS13E32019

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi Masato、Kitamura Yoshimi、Tsutsumi Takahiro、Miyawaki Ryosuke、Miyoshi Makoto、Miyazaki Atsushi
    • Journal Title

      Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan

      Volume: 71 Issue: 5

    • DOI

      10.1093/pasj/psz089

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Astrometry of the Nuclear Star Cluster using ALMA II2024

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi, Massaki Sakurai, Takahiro Tsutsumi, Makoto Miyoshi, Ryusuke Miyawaki,
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2024年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 銀河系中心の特異な分子雲を繋ぐフィラメント構造の発見2023

    • Author(s)
      坪井昌人, 宮脇亮介, Tsutsumi Takahiro, 三好真
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2023年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Bullet Stars with Long Cometary Tails in the Galactic Center2023

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi, Ryusuke Miyawaki,Takahiro Tsutsumi, Makoto Miyoshi
    • Organizer
      URSI GASS 2023 SAPPORO, JAPAN
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Proper Motion of Sagittarius A* with Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimter Array2023

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi, Takahiro Tsutsumi, Ryusuke Miyawaki, Makoto Miyoshi, Atsushi Miyazaki
    • Organizer
      URSI GASS 2023 SAPPORO, JAPAN
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Ionized Gas within 0.1 pc of Sagittarius A*2023

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi, Takahiro Tsutsumi,Makoto Miyoshi,Ryusuke Miyawaki
    • Organizer
      2023 Asian-Pacific Regional IAU Meeting
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Bullet Stars with Long Cometary Tails in the Galactic Center2023

    • Author(s)
      坪井昌人、宮脇亮介、Tsutsumi Takahiro, 三好真
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2023年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2023 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Bullet Stars Leave Long Tails in the Galactic Center2023

    • Author(s)
      坪井昌人, 宮脇亮介, Tsutsumi Takahiro, 三好真
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会春季年会 2023
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Joint Analysis of Proper Motion and Radial Velocity of GCIRS13E; New Mass Estimation of the IMBH Candidate2022

    • Author(s)
      坪井昌人, Tsutsumi Takahiro, 三好真, 宮脇亮介, 宮崎敦史
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会秋季年会 2022
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ALMA Astrometry of the Nuclear Star Cluster2022

    • Author(s)
      Tsuboi, Masato, Tsutsumi, Takahiro, Miyazaki, Atsushi, Miyawake, Ryosuke, Miyoshi, Makoto;
    • Organizer
      IAU GA 2022 FM7: Astrometry for 21st Century Astronomy
    • Related Report
      2022 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Astrometry of Sagittarius A* using ALMA2022

    • Author(s)
      TSUBOI Masato, TSUTSUMI Takahiro, MIYAZAKI Atsushi, MIYOSHI Makoto, MIYAWAKI Ryosuke
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会春季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Astrometry of the Nuclear Star Cluster using ALMA2021

    • Author(s)
      TSUBOI Masato, TSUTSUMI Takahiro, MIYAZAKI Atsushi, MIYOSHI Makoto, MIYAWAKI Ryosuke
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Galactic Center IRS21, Falling Hyper Compact HII Regions?2021

    • Author(s)
      TSUBOI Masato, MIYAWAKI Ryosuke, MIYAZAKI Atsushi, TSUTSUMI Takahiro, MIYOSHI Makoto
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] The Location of the Western Part of the Galactic Center Lobe2021

    • Author(s)
      M. Tsuboi, T. Tsutsumi,Y. Kitamura, K. Uehara,R. Miyawak,A. Miyazaki, M. Miyoshi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会春季年会2021
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Cloud-Cloud Collision in the Galactic Center Arc II2020

    • Author(s)
      M. Tsuboi, Y. Kitamura, K. Uehara,R. Miyawak,T. Tsutsumi,A. Miyazaki, M. Miyoshi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会秋季年会2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Sub-millimeter Detection of a Galactic Center Cool Star IRS 7 by ALMA2020

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2020年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] How far actually is the Galactic Center IRS 13E3 from Sagittarius A*?2020

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2020年春季年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Ionized Gas Rotating around the Galactic Center IMBH,IRS13E32019

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi
    • Organizer
      Galactic Center Workshop 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ALMA View of Molecular Cloud Cores in the Galactic Center 50 km/s Cloud: Molecular Cloud Cores made by Cloud-cloud Collision2019

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2019年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Rotating Ionized Gas Ring around the Galactic Center IRS13E32019

    • Author(s)
      Masato Tsuboi
    • Organizer
      日本天文学会2019年秋季年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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