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Improving drought tolerance through ear photosynthesis in wheat

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K05988
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
Research InstitutionHokkaido University

Principal Investigator

Kashiwagi Junichi  北海道大学, 農学研究院, 講師 (60532455)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywords干ばつ抵抗性 / 穂光合成 / コムギ / 光合成 / 4倍体 / 穂 / 遺伝資源
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では,携帯型CO2ガス交換測定チャンバーを新たに作成して,遮光実験ではなく,圃場において穂のCO2収支を測定する.これにより穂の光合成を直接測定して,
i)干ばつ条件下において光を受けている穂の光合成が,潅水した通常栽培環境と比べてどの程度低下するのか?そして,
ii)その低下程度にはコムギ系統間で差異が認められるのか?について調査する.
コムギの穂での光合成を直接測定することにより,干ばつ環境下においても,穂の光合成を高く維持できるコムギ系統を新規に特定できる.そして,本研究より得られる新知見や新しい有望なコムギ遺伝資源は,今後のコムギの干ばつ抵抗性改善育種への利用が期待できる.

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To improve the drought tolerance of wheat, the mechanisms of ear photosynthetic ability under drought were investigated. Drought enhanced the relative importance of the ear photosynthesis for the grain yield as a photosynthetic source, and the contribution rate was about 20%, although there was significant G x E interaction. Under decline in leaf photosynthesis due to drought stress the ear photosynthesis could work as a compensatory function. It may be possible that not only atmospheric CO2 but also CO2 from the of grains respiration was considered as the potential CO2 source for ear photosynthesis. It was absorbed from the stomata inside the palea so that the ear could maintain photosynthesis. These could be considered a mechanism by which the ears could maintain relatively high photosynthesis even if the stomata were closed to avoid plant dehydration under drought environments.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究により,食用コムギであるパンコムギ(6倍体)およびマカロニコムギ(4倍体)のいずれの種においても,穂の光合成は干ばつ下の子実収量に大きく貢献する事が示された.また干ばつ下における穂光合成メカニズムおよび葉光合成との関係性を示唆する事ができた.これらの知見により,穂の光合成を通じてコムギの干ばつ抵抗性をさらに改善されることが大いに期待できる.これは,世界の食糧問題に資する上で大きな社会的意義がある.
また,本研究で作成した穂光合成を直接評価可能なチャンバーにより,穂光合成能力の評価をより詳細に行う事が可能となった.これは,今後の穂光合成の研究を進めるうえで非常に大きな学術的意義がある.

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (2 results)

All 2021

All Journal Article (1 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 1 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (1 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Potential importance of the ear as a post‐anthesis carbon source to improve drought tolerance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)2021

    • Author(s)
      Kashiwagi Junichi、Yoshioka Yuichiro、Nakayama Suzu、Inoue Yoshiko、An Ping、Nakashima Taiken
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science

      Volume: 207 Issue: 6 Pages: 936-945

    • DOI

      10.1111/jac.12541

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] The ear photosynthesis as potential source for drought yield improvements in wheat2021

    • Author(s)
      Kashiwagi, J., S. Nakayama, Y. Inoue, A. Kato, I. Harada, S. Ichikawa, T. Nakashima and P. An
    • Organizer
      10th Asian crop science association conference (ACSAC10)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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