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Analysis using direct reprogramming method for congenital hypomyelinating leukodystrophy

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K08270
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 52050:Embryonic medicine and pediatrics-related
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Uematsu Mitsugu  東北大学, 医学系研究科, 准教授 (90400316)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 植松 有里佳 (沼田有里佳 / 沼田)  東北大学, 大学病院, 助教 (70735779)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,420,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,020,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,210,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥510,000)
Keywords先天性大脳白質形成不全症 / ミトコンドリア / 低分子RNA / Direct reprogramming / Direct reprogramiming
Outline of Research at the Start

PNPT1変異を有する症例の線維芽細胞を用いた機能解析と、マウスやラットの末梢神経の培養系でPNPT1などを遺伝子操作した解析、さらにそれらの神経培養細胞を用いて治療薬のスクリーニングを行う系を確立するための研究を行う。低分子RNAのミトコンドリア内への輸送減少が先天性大脳白質形成不全症の発症の主な機序の一つであることを証明することができ、さらに治療薬剤スクリーニングを行う系としても応用できる大変重要な研究であると考えている。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Abnormalities in small RNAs have been reported as a cause of congenital hypomyelinating leukodystrophy, but the pathogenesis is unknown. In this study, we used two methods to analyze the pathogenesis of the disease. First, we used direct reprogramming, a simple method to induce differentiation of fibroblasts into neurons, and found that the neurons in the case were less differentiated than those in controls and apoptotic at an early stage. In addition, we performed knockdown analysis of low-molecular-weight RNA-related genes such as PNPT1 and POLR3A using an early culture method of rat spinal dorsal root ganglion cells, and confirmed that myelination and axonal growth defects occur. We plan to apply these experimental analysis methods to the search for treatment methods in the future.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的独自性について、まず低分子RNA の異常が大脳白質形成不全症に関連す
ることをPNPT1遺伝子変異症例の線維芽細胞を用いた解析によって明らかにしたことである。さらに、iPS細胞などと比較して簡便なDirect reprogramming法を用いて解析する系を確立できたことが、今後の大脳白質形成不全症の機能解析や、治療法の探索にも役立つ。
低分子RNAの異常に関与するPOLR3A,POLR3B遺伝子異常は症例数も多いため、本研究により神経細胞の異常が起こること確認できたことは、臨床へのインパクトも大きい。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (2 results)

All 2019

All Presentation (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Presentation] Impairment of small RNAs into mitochondria can cause abnormal myelination and neuronal cell death2019

    • Author(s)
      Mitsugu Uematsu, Yurika Numata-Uematsu
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2019(Chicago)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 先天性大脳白質形成不全症における末梢神経障害の病態解析2019

    • Author(s)
      植松有里佳、植松貢、井上健、呉繁夫
    • Organizer
      第62回日本小児神経学会学術集会(名古屋)
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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