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The development of genome-wide polygenic risk scores for the prediction of cancer risk, and the evaluation of their ability to discriminate cancer risk.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K10655
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 58030:Hygiene and public health-related: excluding laboratory approach
Research InstitutionNational Cancer Center Japan

Principal Investigator

Yamaji Taiki  国立研究開発法人国立がん研究センター, がん対策研究所, 室長 (10466203)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000)
Keywordsがん罹患リスク予測モデル / 多因子遺伝的リスクスコア / Polygenic Risk Score / Risk Prediction Model / GWAS / Polygenic risk score / in silico QC解析 / genotype imputation / がん予防 / リスク予測モデル
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究は、全国11か所の保健所管内に在住する40歳から69歳の地域住民を対象に1990年から追跡調査を行っている「多目的コホート研究」において、既に収集されている疾病罹患前の情報および試料を利用して行うがんのケース・コホート研究である。本研究では、ゲノム網羅的な解析でがんと有意な関連を示す遺伝子多型だけでなく、がんとの関連が示唆される遺伝子多型まで含めることで、がんの持つ多因子遺伝性をより反映したがんの遺伝的リスクスコアを開発する。また、環境要因だけで構成されたがん罹患リスク予測モデルに多因子遺伝的なリスクスコアを追加して予測能の改善を評価する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research C, this researcher conducted a case-cohort study of 3,750 cancer cases and 13,024 sub-cohort subjects nested in a large population-based follow-up study. By using a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms potentially related to cancer risk, this researcher constructed several kinds of genome-wide polygenic risk scores to predict cancer risk, and compared their discrimination ability based on C-index. This researcher found that, as the number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the score increased, the discrimination ability of the score was improved. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の成果は、(1)がんの遺伝的リスクスコアを研究開発する際、がんとの関連が示唆される遺伝子多型まで含めて、がんの持つ多因子遺伝性をより反映しようと試みた点と、(2)欧米の研究に限られている状況で、日本人を対象とした研究から、欧米人とは異なった遺伝的リスクスコアを研究開発しようとした点において学術的な意義がある。また、本研究の成果は、遺伝的なハイリスク集団を同定することによって、日本人のがん予防に役立てられる可能性がある点において社会的な意義がある。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All 2022 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Journal Article (13 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 6 results,  Peer Reviewed: 13 results,  Open Access: 13 results) Presentation (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Public Access to Summary Statistics for Genome-wide Association Studies of Body Mass Index, Weight, and Height Among Healthy Japanese Individuals: The Japanese Consortium of Genetic Epidemiology Studies2022

    • Author(s)
      Goto Atsushi、Suzuki Shiori、Katagiri Ryoko、Yamaji Taiki、Sawada Norie、Nakatochi Masahiro、Wakai Kenji、Hozawa Atsushi、Kinoshita Kengo、Tanno Kozo、Shimizu Atsushi、Ito Hidemi、Matsuo Keitaro、Iwasaki Motoki
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Epidemiology

      Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 115-116

    • DOI

      10.2188/jea.JE20210459

    • NAID

      130008157945

    • ISSN
      0917-5040, 1349-9092
    • Year and Date
      2022-02-05
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Polygenic risk scores for prediction of breast cancer risk in Asian populations2022

    • Author(s)
      Ho Weang-Kee、Tai Mei-Chee、Dennis Joe、Shu Xiang、Li Jingmei、Ho Peh Joo、Millwood Iona Y.、Lin Kuang、Jee Yon-Ho、Lee Su-Hyun、他共著者多数
    • Journal Title

      Genetics in Medicine

      Volume: 24 Issue: 3 Pages: 586-600

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.gim.2021.11.008

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Low MICA Gene Expression Confers an Increased Risk of Graves' Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study2022

    • Author(s)
      Sutoh Yoichi、Komaki Shohei、Yamaji Taiki、Suzuki Shiori、Katagiri Ryoko、Sawada Norie、Ono Kanako、Ohmomo Hideki、Hachiya Tsuyoshi、Otsuka-Yamasaki Yayoi、Takashima Akira、Umekage So、Iwasaki Motoki、Shimizu Atsushi
    • Journal Title

      Thyroid

      Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 188-195

    • DOI

      10.1089/thy.2021.0417

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] A Personal Breast Cancer Risk Stratification Model Using Common Variants and Environmental Risk Factors in Japanese Females2021

    • Author(s)
      Oze Isao、Ito Hidemi、Kasugai Yumiko、Yamaji Taiki、Kijima Yuko、Ugai Tomotaka、Kasuga Yoshio、Ouellette Tomoyo K.、Taniyama Yukari、Koyanagi Yuriko N.、Imoto Issei、Tsugane Shoichiro、Koriyama Chihaya、Iwasaki Motoki、Matsuo Keitaro
    • Journal Title

      Cancers

      Volume: 13 Issue: 15 Pages: 3796-3796

    • DOI

      10.3390/cancers13153796

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Functional annotation of the 2q35 breast cancer risk locus implicates a structural variant in influencing activity of a long-range enhancer element2021

    • Author(s)
      Baxter Joseph S.、Johnson Nichola、Tomczyk Katarzyna、Gillespie Andrea、Maguire Sarah、Brough Rachel、Fachal Laura、Michailidou Kyriaki、Bolla Manjeet K.、Wang Qin、他共著者多数
    • Journal Title

      The American Journal of Human Genetics

      Volume: 108 Issue: 7 Pages: 1190-1203

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.ajhg.2021.05.013

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Body mass index and colorectal cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study2021

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki Shiori, Goto Atsushi, Nakatochi Masahiro, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Cancer Science

      Volume: 112 Issue: 4 Pages: 1579-1588

    • DOI

      10.1111/cas.14824

    • NAID

      120007147665

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Population-specific and trans-ancestry genome-wide analyses identify distinct and shared genetic risk loci for coronary artery disease2020

    • Author(s)
      2.Koyama S, Ito K, Terao C, Akiyama M, Horikoshi M, Momozawa Y, Matsunaga H, Ieki H, Ozaki K, Onouchi Y, Takahashi A, Nomura S, Morita H, Akazawa H, Kim C, Seo JS, Higasa K, Iwasaki M, Yamaji T, et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Genetics

      Volume: 52 Issue: 11 Pages: 1169-1177

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41588-020-0705-3

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Inclusion of a gene-environment interaction between alcohol consumption and the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genotype in a risk prediction model for upper aerodigestive tract cancer in Japanese men2020

    • Author(s)
      Iwasaki Motoki、Budhathoki Sanjeev、Yamaji Taiki、Tanaka‐Mizuno Sachiko、Kuchiba Aya、Sawada Norie、Goto Atsushi、Shimazu Taichi、Inoue Manami、Tsugane Shoichiro、for the Japan Public Health Center‐based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) Group
    • Journal Title

      Cancer Science

      Volume: 111 Issue: 10 Pages: 3835

    • DOI

      10.1111/cas.14573

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Large-scale genome-wide association study in a Japanese population identifies novel susceptibility loci across different diseases2020

    • Author(s)
      Ishigaki K, Akiyama M, Kanai M, Takahashi A, Kawakami E, Sugishita H, Sakaue S, Matoba N, Low SK, Okada Y, Yamaji T, et al
    • Journal Title

      Nature Genetics

      Volume: 52 Issue: 7 Pages: 669-679

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41588-020-0640-3

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies GP2 gene risk variants for pancreatic cancer2020

    • Author(s)
      Lin Y, Nakatochi M, Hosono Y, Ito H, Kamatani Y, Inoko A, Sakamoto H, Kinoshita F, Kobayashi Y, Ishii H, Yamaji T,et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 3175-3175

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-020-16711-w

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Transethnic Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies Three New Loci and Characterizes Population-Specific Differences for Coronary Artery Disease2020

    • Author(s)
      Matsunaga Hiroshi, ... Ogishima Soichi et al.
    • Journal Title

      Circulation: Genomic and Precision Medicine

      Volume: 13 Issue: 3

    • DOI

      10.1161/circgen.119.002670

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Identification of two novel breast cancer loci through large-scale genome-wide association study in the Japanese population2019

    • Author(s)
      Low Siew-Kee、Chin Yoon Ming、Ito Hidemi、Matsuo Keitaro、et al.
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 9 Issue: 1 Pages: 17332-17332

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-019-53654-9

    • NAID

      120006875665

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] 12 new susceptibility loci for prostate cancer identified by genome-wide association study in Japanese population2019

    • Author(s)
      Takata Ryo、Takahashi Atsushi、Fujita Masashi et al.
    • Journal Title

      Nature Communications

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 4422-4422

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41467-019-12267-6

    • NAID

      120006731132

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 1.FTO gene polymorphism, plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin, and the risk of colorectal cancer.2020

    • Author(s)
      Taiki Yamaji, Motoki Iwasaki, Norie Sawada, Taichi Shimazu, Manami Inoue, Shoichiro Tsugane.
    • Organizer
      第79回日本癌学会学術総会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] 国立がん研究センター 予防研究グループ 多目的コホート研究

    • URL

      http://epi.ncc.go.jp/jphc/index.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report 2020 Research-status Report 2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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