Effects of massed and spaced practice on the acquisition of English collocations

• Project/Area Number: 19K13306
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 02100:Foreign language education-related
• Research Institution: Rikkyo University (2020-2021); Hosei University (2019)
• Principal Investigator: Nakata Tatsuya 立教大学, 異文化コミュニケーション学部, 准教授 (00758188)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
• Keywords: 外国語教育 / 英語教育 / 第二言語習得 / 語彙習得 / 分散効果 / コロケーション / 集中学習 / 分散学習

Outline of Research at the Start

本研究の目的は、英語におけるコロケーション（連語）知識の習得において、集中学習・分散学習がどのような役割を果たすかを調査することである。これまでの研究では、個別の単語に関しては、集中学習よりも分散学習の方が習得を促進することが示されている。一方で、集中学習・分散学習がコロケーション知識の習得にどのような役割を果たすかは明らかになっていない。本研究を行うことで、効果的な語彙学習法および教材を開発・提案することが可能になる。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of massing and spacing on the acquisition of collocations in a second language. To this end, Japanese learners of English were asked to learn 27 verb-noun English collocations over 3 weeks. Posttest results showed that spaced learning resulted in higher scores than massed learning for both studied and unstudied collocations.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

これまでの研究では、個別の単語に関しては、集中学習よりも分散学習の方が習得を促進することが示されてきた。一方で、集中学習・分散学習が複数の語から構成されるコロケーション知識の習得にどのような役割を果たすかは明らかになっていなかった。本研究は分散学習がコロケーション知識の習得を促進することを示しており、この結果に基づいて効果的な語彙学習法・指導法を提案することが可能になったという点で、教育的な意義を持つ。また、指導効果が既習項目だけでなく未習項目にも観察されるかを調査したことはこれまでの研究に見られない特徴であり、今後のコロケーション習得研究のさらなる発展を促すことが期待される。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] Victoria University of Wellington(ニュージーランド)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Education University of Hong Kong(中国)
• [Int'l Joint Research] Victoria University of Wellington(ニュージーランド)
• [Int'l Joint Research] The Education University of Hong Kong(中国)
• [Journal Article] DOMAIN-GENERAL AUDITORY PROCESSING EXPLAINS MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF L2 ACQUISITION IN ADULTHOOD (2022)
  • Author(s): Saito Kazuya、Sun Hui、Kachlicka Magdalena、Alayo John Robert Carvajal、Nakata Tatsuya、Tierney Adam
  • Journal Title: Studies in Second Language Acquisition Volume: 44 Issue: 1 Pages: 57-86
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0272263120000467
  • NAID: 120006897482
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] 分散学習が第二言語語彙知識の発達に与える影響―自動化とコロケーション知識の観点から― (2022)
  • Author(s): 中田達也
  • Journal Title: ことばの科学研究 Volume: 21 Pages: 9-11
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Effects of spacing on contextual vocabulary learning: Spacing facilitates the acquisition of explicit, but not tacit, vocabulary knowledge (2021)
  • Author(s): Nakata Tatsuya、Elgort Irina
  • Journal Title: Second Language Research Volume: 37 Issue: 2 Pages: 233-260
  • DOI: 10.1177/0267658320927764
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Corrective feedback and the development of L2 vocabulary. (2021)
  • Author(s): Kamiya. N., & Nakata, T.
  • Journal Title: The Cambridge handbook of corrective feedback in language learning and teaching Volume: - Pages: 387-406
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] 英単語の和訳はわかるのにコミュニケーションで使えないのはなぜなのか？ 第二言語における明示的・暗示的な語彙知識の発達 (2021)
  • Author(s): 中田達也
  • Journal Title: 外国語学習での暗示的・明示的知識の役割とは何か Volume: - Pages: 49-64
• [Journal Article] Effects of Distributed Retrieval Practice Over a Semester: Cumulative Tests as a Way to Facilitate Second Language Vocabulary Learning (2020)
  • Author(s): Nakata, T., Tada, T., McLean. S., & Kim, Y.
  • Journal Title: TESOL Quarterly Volume: 0nlinefirst Issue: 1 Pages: 248-270
  • DOI: 10.1002/tesq.596
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Vocabulary and computer technology: A commentary on four studies for JALT Vocabulary SIG (2020)
  • Author(s): Nakata Tatsuya
  • Journal Title: Vocabulary Learning and Instruction Volume: 9 Issue: 2 Pages: 39-47
  • DOI: 10.7820/vli.v09.2.nakata
  • Open Access
• [Journal Article] Examining the Validity of the LexTALE Test for Japanese College Students (2020)
  • Author(s): Tatsuya Nakata、Yu Tamura、Scott Aubrey
  • Journal Title: The Journal of AsiaTEFL Volume: 17 Issue: 2 Pages: 335-348
  • DOI: 10.18823/asiatefl.2020.17.2.2.335
  • NAID: 120006897499
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Empirical Feasibility of the Desirable Difficulty Framework: Toward More Systematic Research on L2 Practice for Broader Pedagogical Implications (2020)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 104 Issue: 1 Pages: 313-319
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12625
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Learning words with flash cards and word cards (2020)
  • Author(s): Nakata Tatsuya
  • Journal Title: Routledge handbook of vocabulary studies Volume: - Pages: 304-319
• [Journal Article] Corrective feedback and the development of L2 vocabulary (2020)
  • Author(s): Kamiya. N., & Nakata, T.
  • Journal Title: The Cambridge handbook of corrective feedback in language learning and teaching Volume: -
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] The Desirable Difficulty Framework as a Theoretical Foundation for Optimizing and Researching Second Language Practice (2019)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 713-720
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12585
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Optimizing Second Language Practice in the Classroom: Perspectives from Cognitive Psychology (2019)
  • Author(s): SUZUKI YUICHI、NAKATA TATSUYA、DEKEYSER ROBERT
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 551-561
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12582
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Mixing Grammar Exercises Facilitates Long‐Term Retention: Effects of Blocking, Interleaving, and Increasing Practice (2019)
  • Author(s): NAKATA TATSUYA、SUZUKI YUICHI
  • Journal Title: The Modern Language Journal Volume: 103 Issue: 3 Pages: 629-647
  • DOI: 10.1111/modl.12581
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Effects of massing and spacing on the learning of semantically related and unrelated words (2019)
  • Author(s): Nakata, T., & Suzuki, Y.
  • Journal Title: Studies in Second Language Acquisition Volume: 41 Issue: 2 Pages: 287-311
  • DOI: 10.1017/s0272263118000219
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Presentation] 分散学習が第二言語語彙知識の発達に与える影響：自動化とコロケーション知識の観点から (2021)
  • Author(s): 中田達也
  • Organizer: ことばの科学会オープンフォーラム
  • Invited
• [Presentation] Effects of massed and spaced distribution on the acquisition of explicit and tacit vocabulary knowledge (2021)
  • Author(s): Tatsuya Nakata and Elgort Irina
  • Organizer: The 30th Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association (EuroSLA).
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Effects of distributed practice over a semester: Cumulative tests as a way to facilitate second language vocabulary learning (2021)
  • Author(s): Saori Tada, Tatsuya Nakata and Stuart McLean
  • Organizer: The 30th Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association (EuroSLA).
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Effects of spacing and massing on the acquisition of verb-noun collocations: From item learning and system learning perspectives (2021)
  • Author(s): Satoshi Yamagata, Tatsuya Nakata and James Rogers
  • Organizer: The 30th Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association (EuroSLA).
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Does spacing facilitate contextual vocabulary learning? Effects of practice distribution on the acquisition of explicit and tacit vocabulary knowledge (2019)
  • Author(s): Nakata, T., & Elgort, I.
  • Organizer: Vocab@Leuven Conference
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 第二言語習得研究に基づく効果的な英語語彙指導 (2019)
  • Author(s): 中田達也
  • Organizer: 東京家政大学第 17 回英語教育シンポジウム
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 第二言語習得研究から考える効果的な英単語学習法－学習スケジュールおよび学習方式の効果－ (2019)
  • Author(s): 中田達也
  • Organizer: 法政大学英文学会総会
  • Invited
• [Book] 英語学習の科学 (2022)
  • Author(s): 中田 達也、鈴木 祐一（編）
  • Total Pages: 244
  • Publisher: 研究社
  • ISBN: 4327453072
• [Book] 英単語学習の科学 (2019)
  • Author(s): 中田 達也
  • Total Pages: 154
  • Publisher: 研究社
  • ISBN: 4327452890