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Empirical Research on Local Elections

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K13614
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 06010:Politics-related
Research InstitutionKeio University (2020-2022)
Kansai University (2019)

Principal Investigator

Tsukiyama Hiroki  慶應義塾大学, 法学部(三田), 准教授 (60800480)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
Keywords地方選挙 / 地方議会 / 政治過程 / 選挙制度 / 因果推論 / サーベイ実験
Outline of Research at the Start

本研究では、日本の地方選挙の選挙データを利用して、選挙区定数や自書式投票などの選挙制度の機能を明らかにする。具体的には、第一に、小選挙区制と中選挙区制が混在した都道府県議会議員選挙のデータから、選挙区定数の違いが現職者の選挙の強さに与える影響を分析する。また、第二に、一部で記号式投票を採用している市区町村長選挙のデータから、自書式投票と記号式投票が選挙結果に与える影響を分析する。これらの制度的特徴は国際的にもユニークであり、選挙区定数や投票用紙への記入方法などの重要な選挙制度のデザインの機能を検証することを可能とするものである。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, using local election data in Japan, I found the effect of electoral systems, the effect of electoral competition on policy choice, and politicians’ personal attributes that voters prefer. The findings of this study are as follows: 1. As district magnitude decreases, incumbents are more likely to be re-elected. 2: Write-in ballot system tends to increase invalid votes when held concurrently with other elections. 3: Incumbent mayors who are reelected tend to increase administrative spending. 4: Voters are more likely to prefer competent national politicians and empathetic local politicians, and do not dislike bandwagon candidates who are supported by both governing and opposition parties.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

日本の地方選挙は、国際的にも稀少な選挙制度を採用しており、その特徴的な制度条件を利用することで、選挙競争や選挙制度のメカニズムについて、厳密な因果推論に基づく新規性のある証拠を提示することができた。近年、日本の地方選挙では、無投票当選の増加など選挙の無風化が問題視されている。本研究は、そのような選挙の競争性の低下が地方政府の政策選択に与える影響と、それらの背後にある選挙制度のメカニズムの理解に寄与するものである。地方選挙のように潜在的候補者の少ない選挙では、多数代表制は現職優位を促進する恐れがあるため、比例代表制の採用が好ましいかもしれない。

Report

(5 results)
  • 2022 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (15 results)

All 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (11 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 8 results,  Invited: 2 results)

  • [Journal Article] 最高裁裁判官国民審査の投票行動のメカニズム―都道府県・裁判官データによる実証分析2023

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹・宮田愛永
    • Journal Title

      公共選択

      Volume: 78 Pages: 54-79

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 地方政府の長の生存分析―首長・議会関係と政権安定性2023

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Journal Title

      法学研究

      Volume: 96(2) Pages: 97-119

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 地方議会の議員報酬の規定要因―市区町村議会データに基づく実証的検討2020

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Journal Title

      法学研究

      Volume: 93巻1号 Pages: 283-305

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Open Access
  • [Journal Article] 地方議会選挙の無投票当選の要因―市町村議会議員選挙データに基づく実証的検討2019

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Journal Title

      都市問題

      Volume: 110巻7号 Pages: 15-22

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] The Effects of Women's Descriptive Representation on Democratic Satisfaction2022

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      The 2022 International Conference on Asian Election Studies
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 議員報酬・選挙競争・議会の多様性―日本の市区町村議会の事例から2022

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Organizer
      公共選択学会
    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Incumbent Reelection and Fiscal Performance2022

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      International Symposium of Public Administration and Democracy
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Incumbent Reelection and Fiscal Performance2021

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      International Symposium of Politics and Local Governance
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 女性政治家の選出は民主主義に対する政治的態度に影響するか?2021

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Organizer
      日本政治学会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] An Analysis of the 2021 Japanese General Election2021

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Organizer
      慶應義塾大学-延世大学政治学科定期学術交流会
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] Incumbent Reelection and Fiscal Performance2021

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      International Conference of Political Science
    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Electoral Systems and Incumbency Advantage: Evidence from Local Elections in Japan2020

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      Joint Conference between GSPA, Seoul National University and PSICR, Japan
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 自書式投票制度の効果―記号式投票・電子投票との比較から2019

    • Author(s)
      築山宏樹
    • Organizer
      日本公共政策学会関西支部第60回例会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Electoral Systems and Incumbency Advantage: Evidence from Local Elections in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      International Symposium on Social Sciences of Yonsei and Keio University
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Electoral Systems and Incumbency Advantage: Evidence from Local Elections in Japan2019

    • Author(s)
      Hiroki Tsukiyama
    • Organizer
      The 2019 General Conference of the European Consortium for Political Research
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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