Demonstration of in situ isochron measurements of lunar and Martian rocks

• Project/Area Number: 19K14778
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 17010:Space and planetary sciences-related
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Cho Yuichiro 東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (00737687)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,040,000 (Direct Cost: ¥800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥240,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,950,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥450,000)
• Keywords: 年代測定 / レーザー誘起プラズマ発光分光法 / 質量分析 / 火星探査 / 月探査 / カリウムアルゴン年代 / その場年代計測 / LIBS / 火星 / 年代計測 / 火星隕石 / カリウム・アルゴン年代 / 年代その場計測 / 希ガス分析 / 惑星着陸探査 / 機器開発 / 惑星探査 / K-Ar年代

Outline of Research at the Start

本計画では、申請者が開発してきたアイソクロン法によるK-Ar年代その場計測装置を発展させ、誤差2億年の年代計測技術を立証することを目指す。具体的には、①レーザープラズマ分光法によって100-1000 ppmのカリウムを定量する技術を開発し、②宇宙環境試験で小型堅牢なK定量システムを確立する。さらに、③月・火星隕石の年代計測実験を行い、探査機搭載に必要十分な性能を持った年代計測装置の原理実証を完了させることを目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we conducted a series of proof-of-concept experiments for in situ potassium-argon dating of rocks during lunar and Martian explorations. First, we modeled K-Ar isochrons that could be obtained from Martian rocks with different laser diameters and ages using EPMA mapping data. We found the measurement conditions necessary to obtain an age with an accuracy of 200 million years for a Martian rock with an age of 4 billion years. We also measured potassium-argon ages by actually placing Martian meteorites in a vacuum chamber and obtained results consistent with the known ages within the measurement uncertainties. These results suggest that the laser isochron method developed in this study can be applied to Martian rocks.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、月・火星への着陸探査において岩石の形成年代を計測し、これらの天体の歴史を明らかにすることを目指して、レーザーを使った分析法を開発した。まずは、複数の火星隕石の鉱物マップを作成し、岩石に照射するレーザーの直径や分析精度などの条件を変えながら、火星岩石を計測した際に得られる年代データをモデル化した。その結果、40億年前に形成した火星の岩石に対して２億年の誤差で年代を測定するのに必要な条件を見出すことができた。さらに、実際に火星隕石を真空容器に入れて年代を計測したところ、本研究の新手法が既知の値を再現することがわかった。これらの結果から、本研究で開発した手法が火星で使えることが分かった。

Research Products

• [Int'l Joint Research] German Aerospace Center(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] ドイツ航空宇宙センター(ドイツ)
• [Int'l Joint Research] スペイン国立航空宇宙技術研究所(スペイン)
• [Journal Article] Dynamics of gas-driven eruption on Ceres as a probe to its interior (2023)
  • Author(s): Yumoto Koki、Cho Yuichiro、Koyaguchi Takehiro、Sugita Seiji
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 400 Pages: 115533-115533
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2023.115533
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] In-situ measurement of hydrogen on airless planetary bodies using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (2023)
  • Author(s): Yumoto Koki、Cho Yuichiro、Kameda Shingo、Kasahara Satoshi、Sugita Seiji
  • Journal Title: Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy Volume: － Pages: 106696-106696
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.sab.2023.106696
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Development of a multispectral stereo-camera system comparable to Hayabusa2 optical navigation camera (ONC-T) for observing samples returned from asteroid (162173) Ryugu (2022)
  • Author(s): Cho Yuichiro、Yumoto Koki、Yabe Yuna、Mori Shoki、Ogura Jo A.、Yada Toru、Miyazaki Akiko、Yogata Kasumi、Hatakeda Kentaro、Nishimura Masahiro、Abe Masanao、Usui Tomohiro、Sugita Seiji
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 221 Pages: 105549-105549
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2022.105549
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Preliminary analysis of the Hayabusa2 samples returned from C-type asteroid Ryugu (2021)
  • Author(s): Yada Toru、Abe Masanao、et al.
  • Journal Title: Nature Astronomy Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 214-220
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41550-021-01550-6
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] In situ science on Phobos with the Raman spectrometer for MMX (RAX): preliminary design and feasibility of Raman measurements (2021)
  • Author(s): Cho Yuichiro、Boettger Ute、Rull Fernando、Huebers Heinz-Wilhelm、Belenguer Tom?s、B?rner Anko、Buder Maximilian、 et al.
  • Journal Title: Earth, Planets and Space Volume: 73 Issue: 1 Pages: 232-242
  • DOI: 10.1186/s40623-021-01496-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Geologic History and Crater Morphology of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu (2021)
  • Author(s): Cho Y.、Morota T.、Kanamaru M.、Takaki N.、Yumoto K.、Ernst C. M.、et al.
  • Journal Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets Volume: 126 Issue: 8
  • DOI: 10.1029/2020je006572
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Improved method of hydrous mineral detection by latitudinal distribution of 0.7-μm surface reflectance absorption on the asteroid Ryugu (2021)
  • Author(s): Kameda Shingo、Yokota Yasuhiro、Kouyama Toru、Tatsumi Eri、Ishida Marika、Morota Tomokatsu、Honda Rie、Sakatani Naoya、Yamada Manabu、Matsuoka Moe、Suzuki Hidehiko、Cho Yuichiro、Hayakawa Masahiko、Honda Chikatoshi、Sawada Hirotaka、Yoshioka Kazuo、Ogawa Kazunori、Sugita Seiji
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 360 Pages: 114348-114348
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2021.114348
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu (2021)
  • Author(s): Kitazato K.、Milliken R. E.、Iwata T. .. Yabuta, H. ... et al. (101人中76番目)
  • Journal Title: Nature Astronomy Volume: 5 Issue: 3 Pages: 246-250
  • DOI: 10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] An artificial impact on the asteroid 162173 Ryugu formed a crater in the gravity-dominated regime (2020)
  • Author(s): Arakawa, M., Saiki, T., Wada, K., Ogawa, K., Kadono, T., Shirai, K., Sawada, H., Ishibashi, K., Honda, R., Sakatani, N., Iijima, Y., Okamoto, C., Yano, H., Takagi, Y., Hayakawa, M., Michel, P., Jutzi, M., Shimaki, Y., Kimura, S., Mimasu, Y., Toda, T., Imamura, H., Nakazawa, S., Hayakawa, H., Sugita, S., et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 368 Issue: 6486 Pages: 67-71
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz1701
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Sample collection from asteroid (162173) Ryugu by Hayabusa2: Implications for surface evolution (2020)
  • Author(s): Morota, T., Sugita, S., Cho, Y., Kanamaru, M., Tatsumi, E., Sakatani, N., Honda, R., Hirata, N. et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 368 Issue: 6491 Pages: 654-659
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz6306
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Ne-Ar separation using a permeable membrane to measure Ne isotopes for future planetary explorations (2020)
  • Author(s): Miura Yayoi N.、Okuno Mamoru、Cho Yuichiro、Yoshioka Kazuo、Sugita Seiji
  • Journal Title: Planetary and Space Science Volume: 193 Pages: 105046-105046
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2020.105046
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Hayabusa2 Landing Site Selection: Surface Topography of Ryugu and Touchdown Safety (2020)
  • Author(s): Kikuchi Shota、Watanabe Sei-ichiro、Saiki Takanao、Yabuta Hikaru et al. (53人中4番目)
  • Journal Title: Space Science Reviews Volume: 216 Issue: 7 Pages: 116-116
  • DOI: 10.1007/s11214-020-00737-z
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Western Bulge of 162173 Ryugu Formed as a Result of a Rotationally Driven Deformation Process (2019)
  • Author(s): Hirabayashi M.、Tatsumi E.、Miyamoto H.、Komatsu G.、Sugita S.、Watanabe S.、Scheeres D. J.、Barnouin O. S.、Michel P.、Honda C.、Michikami T.、Cho Y.、Morota T.、Hirata N. et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 874 Issue: 1 Pages: L10-L10
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab0e8b
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Boulder size and shape distributions on asteroid Ryugu (2019)
  • Author(s): Michikami Tatsuhiro、Honda Chikatoshi、Miyamoto Hideaki、Hirabayashi Masatoshi、Hagermann Axel、Irie Terunori、Nomura Keita、Ernst Carolyn M.、et al.
  • Journal Title: Icarus Volume: 331 Pages: 179-191
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2019.05.019
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The surface composition of asteroid 162173 Ryugu from Hayabusa2 near-infrared spectroscopy (2019)
  • Author(s): Kitazato K. et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 364 Issue: 6437 Pages: 272-275
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aav7432
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Hayabusa2 arrives at the carbonaceous asteroid 162173 Ryugu?A spinning top?shaped rubble pile (2019)
  • Author(s): Watanabe S.、Hirabayashi M.、Hirata N. et al.
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 364 Issue: 6437 Pages: 268-272
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aav8032
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The geomorphology, color, and thermal properties of Ryugu: Implications for parent-body processes (2019)
  • Author(s): Seiji Sugita, R. Honda, T. Morota, S. Kameda, H. Sawada, E. Tatsumi, M. Yamada, C. Honda, Y. Yokota, T. Kouyama, N. Sakatani, K. Ogawa, H. Suzuki, T. Okada, N. Namiki, S. Tanaka, Y. Iijima, K. Yoshioka, M. Hayakawa, Y. Cho, M. Matsuoka, N. Hirata, N. Hirata, H. Miyamoto, Jun Kimura
  • Journal Title: Science Volume: 17 Issue: 6437 Pages: 252-252
  • DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw0422
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Multivariable statistical analysis of spectrophotometry and spectra of (162173) Ryugu as observed by JAXA Hayabusa2 mission (2019)
  • Author(s): Barucci M. A.、Hasselmann P. H.、Fulchignoni M.、Honda R.、Yokota Y.、Sugita S.、Kitazato K.、Deshapriya J. D. P.、Perna D.、Tatsumi E.、Domingue D.、Morota T.、Kameda S.、Iwata T.、Abe M. et al.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 629 Pages: A13-A13
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935851
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The Hayabusa2 lander MASCOT on the surface of asteroid (162173) Ryugu ? Stereo-photogrammetric analysis of MASCam image data (2019)
  • Author(s): Scholten F.、Preusker F.、Elgner S.、Matz K.-D.、Jaumann R.、Hamm M.、Schr?der S. E.、Koncz A.、Schmitz N.、Trauthan F.、Grott M.、Biele J.、Ho T.-M.、Kameda S.、Sugita S.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 632 Pages: L5-L5
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201936760
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] The MASCOT landing area on asteroid (162173) Ryugu: Stereo-photogrammetric analysis using images of the ONC onboard the Hayabusa2 spacecraft (2019)
  • Author(s): Preusker F.、Scholten F.、Elgner S.、Matz K.-D.、Kameda S.、Roatsch T.、Jaumann R.、Sugita S.、Honda R.、Morota T.、Tatsumi E.、Cho Y.、Yoshioka K.、Sawada H.、Yokota Y.、Sakatani N.、Hayakawa M.、Matsuoka M.、Yamada M.、Kouyama T.、Suzuki H.、Honda C.、Ogawa K.
  • Journal Title: Astronomy & Astrophysics Volume: 632 Pages: L4-L4
  • DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201936759
  • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 月面サンプルリターンのためのその場探査装置の開発 (2023)
  • Author(s): 長 勇一郎, 諸田智克, 長岡央, 杉田精司, 仲内悠祐ほか
  • Organizer: 第23回宇宙科学シンポジウム
• [Presentation] Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for space exploration (2023)
  • Author(s): Yuichiro Cho
  • Organizer: Laser Solutions for Space and the Earth 2023
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] レーザー局所分析法による火星隕石のK-Ar年代測定の装置改良と精度向上について (2022)
  • Author(s): 日向 輝、長 勇一郎、三浦 弥生、田畑 陽久、湯本 航生、杉田 精司
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会2022
• [Presentation] K-Ar dating of Martian meteorites using spot-by-spot laser ablation method (2022)
  • Author(s): Hikaru Hyuga, Yuichiro Cho, Yayoi N Miura, Haruhisa Tabata, Koki Yumoto, Seiji Sugita
  • Organizer: JpGU 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 惑星探査での LIBS の活用 (2022)
  • Author(s): 長 勇一郎
  • Organizer: Symposium on Applications of Advanced Measurement Technologies
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] レーザ―局所分析法による火星隕石のK-Ar年代測定 (2022)
  • Author(s): 日向 輝
  • Organizer: JpGU Meeting 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Development of a method to separate Ne from Ar using a polyimide sheet for future planetary missions (2022)
  • Author(s): 三浦 弥生
  • Organizer: JpGU Meeting 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 小惑星着陸探査に向けた、レーザー誘起プラズマ分光法(LIBS)による隕石の元素分析 (2022)
  • Author(s): 富岡 蒼生
  • Organizer: JpGU Meeting 2022
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] MMX ローバ搭載用ラマン分光計 RAX の エンジニアリングモデル開発状況 (2020)
  • Author(s): 長 勇一郎 , 湯本航生, 小倉暁乃丞, 臼井寛裕, Ute Boettger, Conor Ryan, Maximilian Buder, Till Hagelschuer, Selene Routley, Enrico Dietz, Emanuel Kopp, Heinz-W. Huebers, Andoni Moral, Fernando Rull
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会 秋季講演会
• [Presentation] 月極域探査に向けたLIBS装置の開発 (2020)
  • Author(s): 湯本 航生 、長 勇一郎 、亀田 真吾 、小倉 暁乃丞 、山本 直輝 、笠原 慧 、臼井 寛裕 、 杉田 精司
  • Organizer: 第20回宇宙科学シンポジウム
• [Presentation] MMXローバ用ラマン分光計(RAX)の開発 (2020)
  • Author(s): 長 勇一郎 、湯本 航生 、亀田 真吾 、臼井 寛裕 、小川 和律 、舘野 直樹 , Ryan Conor, Till Hagelschuer, Maximilian Buder, Rod Vance, Ute Boettger, Heinz-Whilhelm Huebers, Andoni Moral, Fernando Rull
  • Organizer: 第20回宇宙科学シンポジウム
• [Presentation] 火星衛星探査計画ローバに搭載するラマン分光装置(RAX)の開発 (2019)
  • Author(s): 長 勇一郎, 亀田真吾, 湯本航生, 臼井寛裕, Conor Ryan, Till Hagelschuer, Roderick Vance, Maximilian Buder, Ute Boettger, Heniz-Whilhelm Huebers, Andoni Moral, Fernando Rull,
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会