ガス-ダスト２相流体数値シミュレーションによる惑星移動モデルの再構築

• Project/Area Number: 19K14779
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 17010:Space and planetary sciences-related
• Research Institution: Ibaraki University (2020-2022); The University of Tokyo (2019)
• Principal Investigator: 金川 和弘 茨城大学, 理工学研究科(理学野), 研究員 (60720787)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Project Status: Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2022)
• Budget Amount: ¥3,770,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥870,000); Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000); Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000); Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
• Keywords: 惑星形成 / 原始惑星系円盤 / 電波観測 / 巨大ガス惑星 / 円盤-惑星相互作用 / ALMA望遠鏡

Outline of Research at the Start

近年の観測機器の発展によって、多数の太陽系外惑星が発見されている。しかし、惑星形成理論はいまだ発展途上であり、多数の未解決問題がある。最も深刻な問題は惑星落下問題と呼ばれる。これは惑星と円盤ガスとの重力相互作用に起因する惑星落下時間が典型的な円盤寿命（数百万年）に比べ有意に短いため、理論的には形成した惑星のほとんどが中心星に落下してしまうという問題である。系外惑星の発見以来、長らく問題解決の努力が続いている。この問題の解決には従来考えられてこなかった新しいメカニズムが必要である。本研究では従来研究では無視されてきたダストがガスに与える反作用を考慮した現実的な円盤進化・惑星形成モデルを構築する。

Outline of Annual Research Achievements

惑星は原始惑星系円盤で生まれ，周囲のガスとの重力相互作用によって軌道角運動量を失い円盤内側に移動する．惑星移動は10万年から100万年という長いタイムスケールで起こるため，その観測的検証は不可能であると思われてきた．しかし，本研究による原始惑星系円盤のガスおよびダスト２流体シミュレーションによって惑星移動とそれにともなう円盤ガス・ダスト構造の変化を計算すると，ガスの乱流粘性が十分小さい場合，惑星周辺にできるダストリングが惑星移動に追随せず置き去りにされることが分かった．今後，形成中の惑星がダストリングよりも内側で見つかった場合，惑星移動の観測的証拠となり得る．
上記の本研究で提案したモデルは惑星が円盤外側のダストリングよりもかなり内側に存在する可能性を示唆している．それを検証するためには，実際に観測された円盤で惑星がどこに存在するのかを特定する必要がある．惑星位置の特定は現在観測されているダストの連続放射の観測だけでは困難であるが，近年ALMAによってなされている分子輝線観測結果と組み合わせることによって惑星位置を制限することが可能である．本年度は3次元流体シミュレーションによる軌道傾斜角を持つ惑星がつくる分子輝線観測で現れる観測的特徴を調査し，その観測可能性を議論した．この結果は国際学術雑誌に投稿中である．

Research Products

• [Journal Article] Eccentric Gap Induced by a Super-Jupiter-mass Planet (2022)
  • Author(s): Tanaka Yuki A.、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Tanaka Hidekazu、Tanigawa Takayuki
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 925 Issue: 1 Pages: 95-95
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3af5
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] ALMA High-resolution Multiband Analysis for the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya (2022)
  • Author(s): Tsukagoshi, T., Nomura, H., Muto, T., Kawabe, R., Kanagawa, K. D., Okuzumi, S., Ida, S., Walsh, C., Millar, T. J., Takahashi, S. Z., Hashimoto, J., Uyama, T., & Tamura, M.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 928 Issue: 1 Pages: 49-49
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5111
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] High Spatial Resolution Observations of Molecular Lines toward the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya with ALMA (2021)
  • Author(s): Nomura Hideko、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Kawabe Ryohei、Muto Takayuki、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Aikawa Yuri、Akiyama Eiji、Okuzumi Satoshi、Ida Shigeru、Lee Seokho、Walsh Catherine、Millar T. J.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 914 Issue: 2 Pages: 113-113
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abfb6a
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Dust Rings as a Footprint of Planet Formation in a Protoplanetary Disk (2021)
  • Author(s): Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Muto Takayuki、Tanaka Hidekazu
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 921 Issue: 2 Pages: 169-169
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac282b
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] Magnetic Fields and Accreting Giant Planets around PDS 70 (2021)
  • Author(s): Hasegawa Yasuhiro、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Turner Neal J.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 923 Issue: 1 Pages: 27-27
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac257b
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Architecture of Planetary Systems Predicted from Protoplanetary Disks Observed with ALMA. I. Mass of the Possible Planets Embedded in the Dust Gap (2021)
  • Author(s): Wang Shijie、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Suto Yasushi
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 923 Issue: 2 Pages: 165-165
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac2d95
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] ALMA Observation of the Protoplanetary Disk around WW Cha: Faint Double-peaked Ring and Asymmetric Structure (2021)
  • Author(s): Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Hashimoto Jun、Muto Takayuki、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Takahashi Sanemichi Z.、Hasegawa Yasuhiro、Konishi Mihoko、Nomura Hideko、Liu Hauyu Baobab、Dong Ruobing、Kataoka Akimasa、Momose Munetake、Ono Tomohiro、Sitko Michael、Takami Michihiro、Tomida Kengo
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 909 Issue: 2 Pages: 212-212
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abdfc5
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Radial Migration of Gap-opening Planets in Protoplanetary Disks. II. The Case of a Planet Pair (2020)
  • Author(s): Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Szuszkiewicz Ewa
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 894 Issue: 1 Pages: 59-59
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab862f
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Comments on ‘Type II migration strikes back ? an old paradigm for planet migration in discs’ by Scardoni et?al. (2020)
  • Author(s): Kanagawa Kazuhiro D、Tanaka Hidekazu
  • Journal Title: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Volume: 494 Issue: 3 Pages: 3449-3452
  • DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa1011
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] GW Ori: Interactions between a Triple-star System and Its Circumtriple Disk in Action (2020)
  • Author(s): Bi Jiaqing、van der Marel Nienke、Dong Ruobing、Muto Takayuki、Martin Rebecca G.、Smallwood Jeremy L.、Hashimoto Jun et al.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 895 Issue: 1 Pages: L18-L18
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab8eb4
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Architecture of Three-planet Systems Predicted from the Observed Protoplanetary Disk of HL Tau (2020)
  • Author(s): Wang Shijie、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Hayashi Toshinori、Suto Yasushi
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 891 Issue: 2 Pages: 166-166
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab781b
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Model of a Gap Formed by a Planet with Fast Inward Migration (2020)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa, Hideko Nomura, Takashi Tsukagoshi, Takayuki Muto, Ryohei Kawabe
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 892 Issue: 2 Pages: 83-83
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab781e
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
• [Journal Article] The Detection of Dust Gap-ring Structure in the Outer Region of the CR Cha Protoplanetary Disk (2020)
  • Author(s): Kim Seongjoong、Takahashi Sanemichi、Nomura Hideko、Tsukagoshi Takashi、Lee Seokho、Muto Takayuki、Dong Ruobing、Hasegawa Yasuhiro、Hashimoto Jun、Kanagawa Kazuhiro、Kataoka Akimasa、Konishi Mihoko、Liu Hauyu Baobab、Momose Munetake、Sitko Michael、Tomida Kengo
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 888 Issue: 2 Pages: 72-72
  • DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab5d2b
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Journal Article] Termination of Inward Migration for a Gap-opening Planet through Dust Feedback (2019)
  • Author(s): Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Letters Volume: 879 Issue: 2 Pages: L19-L19
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab2a0f
  • Peer Reviewed
• [Journal Article] Discovery of An au-scale Excess in Millimeter Emission from the Protoplanetary Disk around TW Hya (2019)
  • Author(s): Tsukagoshi Takashi、Muto Takayuki、Nomura Hideko、Kawabe Ryohei、Kanagawa Kazuhiro D.、Okuzumi Satoshi、Ida Shigeru、Walsh Catherine、Millar Tom J.、Takahashi Sanemichi Z.、Hashimoto Jun、Uyama Taichi、Tamura Motohide
  • Journal Title: The Astrophysical Journal Volume: 878 Issue: 1 Pages: L8-L8
  • DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab224c
  • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] 巨大惑星近傍の原始惑星系円盤構造の３次元流体 シミュレーション (2022)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] 惑星が作る 原始惑星系円 盤のガス ダ スト構造 (2022)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 形成中の惑星およびその兆候の ALMA 観測に向けた勉強会
  • Invited
• [Presentation] 移動する惑星が作るダストリング構造 (2021)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会
• [Presentation] WW Cha に付随する原始惑星系円盤のALMA観測 (2021)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 天文学会春季年会
• [Presentation] Structure of Protoplanetary disk around WW Chameleon (2020)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro D. Kanagawa, Jun Hashimoto, Takayuki Muto
  • Organizer: JpGU meeting 2020
• [Presentation] Model of a gap formed by a planet with fast inward migration (2020)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa, Hideko Nomura, Takashi Tsukagoshi, Takayuki Muto, Ryohei Kawabe
  • Organizer: JpGU meeting 2020
• [Presentation] 惑星移動がギャップ構造に及ぼす影響 (2020)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘, 野村英子, 塚越崇, 武藤恭之, 川邊良平
  • Organizer: 天文学会秋季年会
• [Presentation] Effects of dust feedback on evolutions of disks and planets (2019)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa
  • Organizer: Great Barriers in planet formation
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Radial evolution of a gap-opening planet within a protoplanetary disk (2019)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa
  • Organizer: EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
• [Presentation] Termination of an inward migration of a gap-opening planet due to the dust feedback (2019)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa
  • Organizer: RESCEU/Planet2 Symposium
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] ダスト摩擦反作用に起因する巨大惑星の内側移動の停止 (2019)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 日本天文学会秋季年会
• [Presentation] ダスト摩擦反作用が巨大惑星移動に与える影響について (2019)
  • Author(s): 金川和弘
  • Organizer: 日本惑星科学会秋季講演会
• [Presentation] Observational signatures of a fast inward migration planet and its impacts on planet formation (2019)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa
  • Organizer: Planet formation workshop 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research
• [Presentation] Observational signatures of a fast inward migration planet and its impacts on planet formation (2019)
  • Author(s): Kazuhiro Kanagawa
  • Organizer: ALMA Workshop 2019: Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks, December 2019
  • Int'l Joint Research