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Investigation of the molecular mechanism involving the transdifferentiation of human embryonic stem cells into extraembryonic lineage

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16135
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 44020:Developmental biology-related
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

KOBAYASHI Norio  東北大学, 医学系研究科, 助教 (10803885)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,430,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥330,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,560,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥360,000)
Keywords栄養膜幹細胞(TS細胞) / 胚体外細胞系譜 / 胚体外細胞系 / 分化転換 / 細胞運命決定 / ヒト胎盤発生 / 栄養膜幹細胞 / 胚性幹細胞 / エピゲノム / ゲノムインプリンティング / 転写因子
Outline of Research at the Start

胚盤胞の形成により、内部細胞塊(ICM)と栄養外胚葉(TE)に細胞系譜は分離し、胚体細胞と胚体外細胞に細胞運命が決定される。マウスの場合、ICMとTEの細胞運命決定には、OCT3/4とCDX2が必須である事が知られているが、ヒトでは明らかになっていない。本研究では、ヒトES細胞からTS細胞に分化転換するモデル(ES-TS細胞)を作成し、分化転換に伴う転写因子ネットワークとエピゲノム変化について解析する。さらに、遺伝子発現誘導(Tet-on)システムを用いて、胎盤発生に必須の転写因子をES細胞に強制発現させ、TS細胞への分化転換を確認し、ヒト胚体外細胞系譜への運命決定機構を明らかにする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Little is known about the epigenetic mechanisms of the first cell fate commitment in humans. We show that naive human embryonic stem (ES) cells can transdifferentiate into trophoblast stem (TS) cells, but primed ES cells cannot. Our transcriptome and methylome analyses reveal that a primate-specific miRNA cluster on chromosome 19 (C19MC) is active in naive ES cells but epigenetically silenced in primed ones. Moreover, genome and epigenome editing using CRISPR/Cas systems reveal that C19MC is essential for the maintenance of TS cells and activation of C19MC allows the derivation of TS cells from primed ES cells. Thus, we reveal that C19MC activation confers differentiation potential into trophoblast lineages on human ES cells. Since C19MC is exclusively expressed in the placenta after implantation, we propose that silencing of C19MC in the epiblast lineage may function as an epigenetic barrier preventing ectopic differentiation of trophoblast cells.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

霊長類特異的なインプリント遺伝子C19MCはTS細胞では高発現しているが、ES細胞および分化転換細胞では発現しておらず、ES細胞からTS細胞への分化転換を阻害するエピジェネティック障壁として機能していた。よって、ヒト受精卵における胚体と胚体外細胞の運命決定にC19MCのインプリント制御が関与している可能性が考えられる。また、C19MCの遺伝子座は霊長類に高度に保存されており齧歯類では保存されていない。今後、ヒト特異的な発生機構の解明が、不妊や流産の原因の解明や安全な生殖補助医療の提供などに役立つと期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 4 results) Presentation (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 3 results) Book (3 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] CNRS(フランス)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Unique features and emerging in vitro models of human placental development.2020

    • Author(s)
      Shun Shibata, Eri H Kobayashi, Norio Kobayashi, Akira Oike, Hiroaki Okae, Takahiro Arima.
    • Journal Title

      Reprod Med Biol .

      Volume: 12 Issue: 4 Pages: 301-313

    • DOI

      10.1002/rmb2.12347

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Association of four imprinting disorders and ART2019

    • Author(s)
      Hattori H, Hiura H, Kitamura A, Miyauchi N, Kobayashi N, Takahashi S, Okae H, Kyono K, Kagami M, Ogata T, Arima T.
    • Journal Title

      Clin Epigenetics

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 21-21

    • DOI

      10.1186/s13148-019-0623-3

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Loss of p57KIP2expression confers resistance to contact inhibition in human androgenetic trophoblast stem cells2019

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi Sota、Okae Hiroaki、Kobayashi Norio、Kitamura Akane、Kumada Kanako、Yaegashi Nobuo、Arima Takahiro
    • Journal Title

      Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

      Volume: 116 Issue: 52 Pages: 26606-26613

    • DOI

      10.1073/pnas.1916019116

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] The risk of secondary sex ratio imbalance and increased monozygotic twinning after blastocyst transfer: data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study2019

    • Author(s)
      Hattori Hiromitsu、Kitamura Akane、Takahashi Fumiaki、Kobayashi Norio、Sato Akiko、Miyauchi Naoko、Nishigori Hidekazu、Mizuno Satoshi、Sakurai Kasumi、Ishikuro Mami、Obara Taku、Tatsuta Nozomi、Nishijima Ichiko、Fujiwara Ikuma、Kuriyama Shinichi、Metoki Hirohito、Yaegashi Nobuo、Nakai Kunihiko、Arima Takahiro
    • Journal Title

      Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

      Volume: 17 Issue: 1 Pages: 27-27

    • DOI

      10.1186/s12958-019-0471-1

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] ヒト胎盤幹細胞のエピジェネティクス2020

    • Author(s)
      有馬隆博、岡江寛明、小林記緒
    • Organizer
      第93回日本内分泌学会学術総会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 分化全能性の消失に関わるインプリント遺伝子の同定2020

    • Author(s)
      岡江寛明、小林記緒、有馬隆博
    • Organizer
      日本繁殖生物学会第113回大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] Epigenetic restriction of human pluripotency by silencing of the chromosome 19 miRNA cluster2020

    • Author(s)
      岡江寛明、小林記緒、有馬隆博
    • Organizer
      第43回日本分子生物学会年会
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] ヒト胚性幹細胞の栄養膜幹細胞への分化転換2019

    • Author(s)
      小林記緒
    • Organizer
      第42回日本分子生物学会年会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] ヒトTS細胞を用いた胎盤疾患モデルの構築2021

    • Author(s)
      大池 輝, 小林 枝里, 小林 記緒, 柴田 峻, 岡江 寛明, 北村 茜, 宮内 尚子, 有馬 隆博
    • Total Pages
      5
    • Publisher
      北隆館/ニューサイエンス社
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] ART治療における遺伝的安全性とリスク2019

    • Author(s)
      宮内尚子、服部裕充、小林記緒、樋浦仁、有馬隆博
    • Total Pages
      4
    • Publisher
      ニューサイエンス社
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Book] 加齢によるエピジェネティクス変異2019

    • Author(s)
      服部裕充、小林記緒、岡江寛明、有馬隆博
    • Total Pages
      6
    • Publisher
      医学書院
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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