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Dark matter in nitrification illuminated by cultivation technique and genome analysis: Complete ammonia-oxidizing bacteria

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16218
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 45030:Biodiversity and systematics-related
Research InstitutionChuo University (2020-2021)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (2019)

Principal Investigator

Fujitani Hirotsugu  中央大学, 理工学部, 助教 (50708617)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywords硝化 / comammox / 土壌 / 培養 / ゲノム / 酸性 / アンモニア / 亜硝酸 / 浄水
Outline of Research at the Start

環境中の99%以上の微生物は分離培養されていない。地球の窒素循環を駆動させる硝化菌も,未培養微生物として認識されている。従来,硝化はアンモニア酸化と亜硝酸酸化から成り,それぞれ異なる微生物が独立して反応を担っていると認識されてきた。しかしながら,近年アンモニア酸化と亜硝酸酸化を一つの微生物が担う,完全アンモニア酸化(Comammox)細菌の存在が明らかとなった。そこで本研究では,培養技術とゲノム解析によって,Comammox細菌の性状を明らかにし,環境中における生存戦略や進化系譜を紐解くことを目的とする。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we aimed to cultivate complete ammonia oxidation (comammox) Nitrospira, which oxidize ammonia to nitrate in a single cell and characterize their physiological and genomic features. The genus Nitrospira, which occupied 1% in an acidic soil, was enriched up to 92% during incubation. The enriched Nitrospira was able to survive an acidic condition of pH 4 and its genome encoded all the genes for comammox. Furthermore, the genome content was distinct from the previously reported four comammox species. Thus, we successfully cultivated a novel comammox Nitrospira in a viewpoint of physiology and genomics.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

培養の播種源に用いた茶園土壌は,多量の窒素肥料が投入され,活発に硝化が起こる酸性土壌である。硝化を人為的に制御することは,窒素負荷を低減し,温室効果ガスである亜酸化窒素の削減にも貢献する。しかしながら,こうした環境への負荷を及ぼす要因となる,微生物の学術的知見は乏しい。本研究で得られた comammox細菌の知見は,窒素循環に関連する環境負荷を削減するための方策や人為的に硝化を制御するための技術開発の一助となる。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (12 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 3 results) Presentation (7 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Invited: 2 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] デンマーク工科大学(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] デンマーク工科大学(デンマーク)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] 未培養硝化菌の分離戦略と特徴づけ2021

    • Author(s)
      藤谷拓嗣
    • Journal Title

      環境バイオテクノロジー学会誌

      Volume: 21 Pages: 53-58

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Enrichment of Comammox and Nitrite-Oxidizing Nitrospira From Acidic Soils2020

    • Author(s)
      Takahashi Yu、Fujitani Hirotsugu、Hirono Yuhei、Tago Kanako、Wang Yong、Hayatsu Masahito、Tsuneda Satoshi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Microbiology

      Volume: 11 Pages: 1737-1737

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmicb.2020.01737

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Genomic and Physiological Characteristics of a Novel Nitrite-Oxidizing Nitrospira Strain Isolated From a Drinking Water Treatment Plant2020

    • Author(s)
      Fujitani Hirotsugu、Momiuchi Kengo、Ishii Kento、Nomachi Manami、Kikuchi Shuta、Ushiki Norisuke、Sekiguchi Yuji、Tsuneda Satoshi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Microbiology

      Volume: 11 Pages: 545190-545190

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmicb.2020.545190

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] 地球の窒素循環を駆動する未培養微生物の実態に迫る2021

    • Author(s)
      藤谷拓嗣
    • Organizer
      第15回細菌学若手コロッセウム
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 弱酸性硝化リアクターで集積培養された新規なcomammox Nitrospiraのコンプリートゲノムの構築2021

    • Author(s)
      髙橋 悠,藤谷 拓嗣,谷口 愛樹,林 哲也,多胡 香奈子,早津 雅仁,常田 聡
    • Organizer
      日本微生物生態学会第34回大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 茶園の酸性土壌に生息する硝化菌Nitrospiraの集積培養2021

    • Author(s)
      髙橋 悠,藤谷 拓嗣,廣野 祐平,多胡 香奈子,早津 雅仁,常田 聡
    • Organizer
      環境バイオテクノロジー学会2021年度大会
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 培養技術とゲノム解析で紐解く硝化菌の生理生態2019

    • Author(s)
      藤谷拓嗣
    • Organizer
      日本水環境学会シンポジウム
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Invited
  • [Presentation] 未培養硝化菌を対象とした新規分離培養技術の開発2019

    • Author(s)
      藤谷拓嗣,常田 聡
    • Organizer
      環境バイオテクノロジー学会2019年度大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Enrichment of comammox and canonical Nitrospira from acidic soil: Insights into niche differentiation and adaptation to low pH2019

    • Author(s)
      Yu Takahashi, Hirotsugu Fujitani, Yuhei Hirono, Kanako Tago, Yong Wang, Masahito Hayatsu, Satoshi Tsuneda
    • Organizer
      6th International Conference on Nitrification and Related Processes
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Enrichment of Complete Ammonia Oxidizer and Nitrite Oxidizer of genus Nitrospira from Acidic Soil2019

    • Author(s)
      Yu Takahashi, Hirotsugu Fujitani, Kanako Tago, Yong Wang, Yuhei Hirono, Masahito Hayatsu, Satoshi Tsuneda
    • Organizer
      Asian Symposium on Microbial Ecology
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-12-25  

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