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Sexual dimorphism in ecosystem

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16229
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 45040:Ecology and environment-related
Research InstitutionKobe University (2022-2023)
Kyoto University (2019-2020)

Principal Investigator

Tsuji Kaoru  神戸大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (40645280)

Project Period (FY) 2021-11-01 – 2024-03-31
Project Status Discontinued (Fiscal Year 2023)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,300,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,000,000、Indirect Cost: ¥300,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Keywords雌雄差 / 花 / 微生物 / 送粉 / 結実 / 種子散布 / 花蜜内微生物 / 種子分散 / 酵母 / 細菌 / 植物 / 花蜜 / 植食
Outline of Research at the Start

性別による違い(雌雄差)は動植物に広くみられ、同種の中での、雄同士の戦いや、雄と雌の関わり方などから、なぜ雌雄差が進化したのかが調べられてきた (進化学的視点)。しかし、生物は多様な種の生物と相互に影響を与えあうため、雌雄差の進化を理解するには、他の種との関係を知る必要がある。そこで、雌雄異株植物ハマヒサカキとヒサカキを材料に、雄花と雌花の違いが、花蜜に住む微生物や、花に訪れる昆虫たちにどのような波及効果をもたらすのかを解明する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study showed that nectar microbes can indirectly affect fruit consumption by birds, which can be essential for seed dispersal and germination. Wild flowers of Eurya japonica trees were experimentally inoculated with the nectar-inhabiting yeast and bacteria, both of which had been previously isolated frequently from E. japonica flowers. In this experiment, I examined whether these microbes changed female reproductive success of the understory tree. Experimental inoculation of flowers with yeast decreased fruit and seed set compared to those inoculated with bacteria. Furthermore, fruits with higher seed set tended to be larger, and larger fruits were more likely to be consumed by seed-dispersing birds. These results suggest that nectar-inhabiting microorganisms have the potential to affect plant reproduction by influencing not only plant-pollinator interactions, but also by indirectly modifying plant-frugivore interactions via changes in plant-pollinator interactions.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

性別における違い(雌雄差)は動植物に広くみられ、同種の中での相互作用でどのように雌雄差が進化したのかが調べられてきた (進化的視点)。しかし、生物は多様な種の生物と相互に影響を与えあうため、他の種との関係を知ることなく、雌雄差の進化は理解できないはずである。これまでヒサカキ属植物を用いて、「雌雄差が他の生物に与える効果」という視点(生態的視点)から研究を進め、雌雄差は、他の種の生活史や群集に大きな影響を与えることを示してきた。今回新たに、花蜜に棲む微生物が、種子散布共生系にまで影響することを示すなど、雌雄差が他種に与える影響は、間接的に複数の生物間相互作用に波及することを示すことができた。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2023 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2022 Annual Research Report
  • 2020 Annual Research Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (18 results)

All 2023 2021 2020 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (6 results) Journal Article (3 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results,  Peer Reviewed: 3 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results) Remarks (4 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] スタンフォード大学(米国)

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Stanford/Rice University/University of California Davis(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] KU Leuven(ベルギー)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Complutense University of Madrid/CSIC(スペイン)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] スタンフォード大学/カリフォルニアデイビス(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Facultad de Veterinaria(スペイン)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Nectar microbes may indirectly change fruit consumption by seed-dispersing birds2023

    • Author(s)
      Tsuji Kaoru
    • Journal Title

      Basic and Applied Ecology

      Volume: 70 Pages: 60-69

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.baae.2023.04.004

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Dimorphic flowers modify the visitation order of pollinators from male to female flowers2020

    • Author(s)
      K Tsuji, K Kobayashi, E Hasegawa, J Yoshimura
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 10 Issue: 1 Pages: 9965-9965

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-020-66525-5

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Journal Article] Sexual dimorphism and species diversity: from clades to sites.2020

    • Author(s)
      Kaoru Tsuji & Fukami Tadashi
    • Journal Title

      Trends in Ecology and Evolution.

      Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Pages: 105-114

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.001

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 群集のなかの雌雄差2021

    • Author(s)
      辻かおる
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 花の微生物と送粉共生:農地での応用の可能性2021

    • Author(s)
      辻かおる
    • Organizer
      日本生態学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 花の雌雄差と花を利用する昆虫や微生物群集の関係2020

    • Author(s)
      辻かおる
    • Organizer
      個体群生態学会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Sexual dimorphism and species diversity: from clades to sites.2020

    • Author(s)
      Kaoru Tsuji & Fukami Tadashi
    • Organizer
      Stand Alone meeting of the American Naturalist
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] 植物の性別による違いが、昆虫に与える影響2020

    • Author(s)
      辻かおる
    • Organizer
      日本応用動物昆虫学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://www.edu.kobe-u.ac.jp/fsci-biol/faculty/tsuji.html

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://ktsuji.jimdofree.com/

    • Related Report
      2022 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] ホームページ

    • URL

      https://ktsuji.jimdofree.com/home/

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks]

    • URL

      https://ktsuji.jimdofree.com/

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2025-01-30  

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