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Ecological role of primitive nitrogen-fixing bacteria in hydrothermal chemosynthetic ecosystems

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16234
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 45040:Ecology and environment-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Nishihara Arisa  国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所, 生命工学領域, 学振特別研究員 (80837774)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,690,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥390,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Keywords微生物生態系 / 物質循環 / 窒素固定 / 微生物培養 / 進化 / 発酵細菌 / 化学合成
Outline of Research at the Start

生態系が単純である熱水化学合成微生物群集において、窒素固定細菌の働きと群集への貢献度を明らかにし、そこに存在する原始的な窒素固定細菌の生理学的性質を明らかにすることを目的とする。窒素固定生物は35 億年前には出現していたとされるが、地球史上で初期に窒素固定を行なっていた微生物の研究はほとんどない。本研究で、単純な熱水生態系を使うことによって、窒素固定微生物の研究がほとんどなかった化学合成生態系における窒素固定細菌の生態的役割について解明する。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we isolated a novel fermentative bacterium belonging to the phylum Firmicutes from the hydrothermal chemosynthetic microbial community that is able to fix nitrogen at temperatures above 70 degrees Celsius. Genome analysis of the isolates revealed that the isolate possess a distinctive set of nitrogen-fixing genes, which is different from that of conventional nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of the nitrogen-fixing genes revealed that the genes of the isolate are phylogenetically close to those of hyperthermophilic Archaea. The phylogenetic tree of nitrogen-fixing genes indicates that the isolate has acquired nitrogen-fixing ability together with hyperthermophilic archaea, and is an early nitrogen-fixing organism.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

窒素固定細菌は原始地球が高温であった約35億年前に、化学合成生態系で出現したとされるにも関わらず、これまで高温ではあまり研究されてこなかった。高温の化学合成生態系における窒素固定の研究は、生態系における窒素固定細菌の生態的役割だけでなく、窒素固定の進化的観点においても重要な研究課題である。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All 2021 2019

All Journal Article (2 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Presentation (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 1 results)

  • [Journal Article] Caldicellulosiruptor diazotrophicus sp. nov., a thermophilic, nitrogen-fixing fermentative bacterium isolated from a terrestrial hot spring in Japan2021

    • Author(s)
      Yuxin Chen, Arisa Nishihara, Takao Iino, Moriya Ohkuma, Shin Haruta
    • Journal Title

      International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

      Volume: 71(9) Issue: 9 Pages: 00-00

    • DOI

      10.1099/ijsem.0.005014

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Nitrogen-fixing ability and nitrogen fixation related genes of thermophilic fermentative bacteria in the genus Caldicellulosiruptor2021

    • Author(s)
      YUXIN CHEN, ARISA NISHIHARA, and SHIN HARUTA
    • Journal Title

      Microbes and Environments

      Volume: -

    • NAID

      130008050709

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access
  • [Presentation] Ecology and Physiology of Thermophilic Nitrogen-Fixing Aquificae in Terrestrial Hot Springs.2019

    • Author(s)
      Nishihara, A., S.E. McGlynn, V. Thiel, M. Tank, Nobu. MK, H. Tamaki, S. Haruta
    • Organizer
      21th International Congress on Nitrogen Fixation.
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Evidence of active nitrogen-fixation in hyperthermophilic bacteria from terrestrial hot springs.2019

    • Author(s)
      Nishihara, A., S.E. McGlynn, V. Thiel, M. Tank, Nobu. MK, H. Tamaki, S. Haruta
    • Organizer
      第33回 日本微生物生態学会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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