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In vivo real-time observation of plastic changes in information flow through a pair of feeding command neurons during Pavlovian conditioning

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K16275
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 46010:Neuroscience-general-related
Research InstitutionNational Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Principal Investigator

Sakurai Akira  国立研究開発法人情報通信研究機構, 未来ICT研究所神戸フロンティア研究センター, 主任研究員 (50749041)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2021)
Budget Amount *help
¥4,160,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,200,000、Indirect Cost: ¥960,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥910,000 (Direct Cost: ¥700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥210,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥1,170,000 (Direct Cost: ¥900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥270,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,080,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥480,000)
Keywordsシナプス可塑性 / パブロフ条件反射 / 連合学習 / 記憶 / カルシウムイメージング / オプトジェネティクス / 摂食コマンドニューロン / ショウジョウバエ / 光遺伝学 / コマンドニューロン
Outline of Research at the Start

シナプスの可塑的変化によって記憶はつくられると考えられているが、両者の因果関係の解明については、「現在、我々の前に立ちはだかっている最大の問題は、ミクロな研究と、マクロな脳機能の研究との間に横たわっている深い溝を、繋げていく方法が必ずしも明確でないことである(塚原仲晃、脳の可塑性と記憶)」と指摘されている。そこで本研究では、神経活動の人為的操作や二光子顕微鏡を用いて、同定された中枢単一ニューロンと行動の同時リアルタイム観察によって、連合学習による行動変化を担うシナプスを同定し、シナプスのミクロな変化がマクロな脳機能の変化としての記憶へとつながる過程を明らかにすることを目指す。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To correlate synaptic plasticity to memory, we established a novel Pavlovian conditioning protocol in which a tactile signal (conditioned stimulus: CS) is associated with feeding behavior induced by sucrose stimulation (unconditioned stimulus: US). In this study, we demonstrated the conditioning results in altered information processing by a pair of feeding command neurons (FNs) that respond to a sweet gustatory stimulus that is indispensable for forming a conditioned response. Calcium imaging of the FN revealed that it acquires responsiveness to CS during conditioning, with inactivation of the feeding neuron during conditioning suppressing plasticity. Moreover, we found the input from the CS is specifically intensified for the feeding behavior during conditioning compared to the sucrose signal. These results suggest conditioning alters signals flowing from the CS into the feeding circuit, with the FN functioning as a key integrative hub for Hebbian plasticity.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

音とエサの情報を連合する実験に代表されるパブロフ条件反射は、一般に良く知られており記憶研究のモデルとして広く用いられている。本研究では、ショウジョウバエの脳と行動の同時リアルタイム観察により、その脳内機構を明らかにした。この機構の鍵となる摂食行動を司令するニューロンは哺乳類にも存在するため、進化的に保存された一般性の高い機構である可能性も考えられる。また、シナプス後ニューロンの活動が条件反射成立に必要であることから、記憶の一般仮説とされるHebb則で想定されるシナプス前後の相互作用の実態解明に今後資することが期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2021 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (1 results) Journal Article (2 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 2 results,  Peer Reviewed: 2 results,  Open Access: 2 results) Presentation (8 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results) Remarks (2 results) Patent(Industrial Property Rights) (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] Massachusetts Institute of Technology(米国)

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Journal Article] Alteration in information flow through a pair of feeding command neurons underlies a form of Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2021

    • Author(s)
      Sakurai Akira、Littleton J. Troy、Kojima Hiroaki、Yoshihara Motojiro
    • Journal Title

      Current Biology

      Volume: 31 Issue: 18 Pages: 4163-4171

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.021

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Synaptotagmin 7 switches short-term synaptic plasticity from depression to facilitation by suppressing synaptic transmission2021

    • Author(s)
      Fujii Takaaki、Sakurai Akira、Littleton J. Troy、Yoshihara Motojiro
    • Journal Title

      Scientific Reports

      Volume: 11 Issue: 1 Pages: 4059-4059

    • DOI

      10.1038/s41598-021-83397-5

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Change in information processing by a pair of feeding command neurons underlies Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2021

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai, J. Troy Littleton, Hiroaki Kojima, Motojiro Yoshihara
    • Organizer
      第44回日本神経科学大会 CJK第1回国際会議
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Synaptotagmin 7 switches short-term synaptic plasticity from depression to facilitation by suppressing synaptic transmission2021

    • Author(s)
      Takaaki Fujii, Akira Sakurai, J. Troy Littleton, Motojiro Yoshihara
    • Organizer
      14th Japanese Drosophila Research Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Information processing by a pair of feeding command neurons is altered during Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain2021

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai, J. Troy Littleton, Hiroaki Kojima, Motojiro Yoshihara
    • Organizer
      14th Japanese Drosophila Research Conference
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Subcellular engram, a synaptic memory trace locally formed in the feeding command neuron during Pavlovian conditioning.2021

    • Author(s)
      Motojiro Yoshihara, Akira Sakurai
    • Organizer
      Neurobiology of Drosophila (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory meeting)
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] Synaptotagmin 7 switches short-term synaptic plasticity from depression to facilitationby suppressing synaptic transmission.2020

    • Author(s)
      Takaaki Fujii, Akira Sakurai, Troy J. Littleton, Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      新学術領域研究「スクラップ&ビルドによる脳機能の動的制御」第5回領域会議
    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Feeding command neuron is a modification site in the Drosophila feeding neural circuit, which represents behavioral change through Pavlovian conditioning.2019

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai, Hiroaki Kojima, Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      第42回日本神経科学大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] A neural correlate of Pavlovian conditioning in the Drosophila brain.2019

    • Author(s)
      Akira Sakurai, Troy J. Littleton, Hiroaki Kojima, Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      Neurobiology of Drosophila Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Synaptotagmin 7 suppresses synaptic transmission and is not the high affinity Ca2+ sensor for facilitation or asynchronous release at Drosophila embryonic NMJs.2019

    • Author(s)
      Takaaki Fujii, Akira Sakurai, Akemi Kishi, J. Troy Littleton, Motojiro Yoshihara.
    • Organizer
      Neurobiology of Drosophila Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Meeting
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Remarks] パブロフ条件反射の正体を発見

    • URL

      https://www.nict.go.jp/press/2021/08/05-1.html

    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] 脳の短期記憶のスイッチメカニズムを発見

    • URL

      https://www.nict.go.jp/press/2021/03/01-2.html

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Patent(Industrial Property Rights)] 条件付けに用いる刺激の付与方法、試験の方法、方法を実施する装置、及び、脳灌流液2021

    • Inventor(s)
      櫻井晃、吉原基二郎
    • Industrial Property Rights Holder
      国立研究開発法人情報通信研究機構
    • Industrial Property Rights Type
      特許
    • Industrial Property Number
      2021-171185
    • Filing Date
      2021
    • Related Report
      2021 Annual Research Report

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Published: 2019-04-18   Modified: 2023-01-30  

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