A Comprehensive Theoretical Survey on Functionalities and Properties of Adult Neurogenesis under the Influence of Slow Oscillations
| Project/Area Number |
19K16885
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 51010:Basic brain sciences-related
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| Research Institution | Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University |
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Principal Investigator |
Fung ChiChung 沖縄科学技術大学院大学, 神経情報・脳計算ユニット, 客員研究員 (80757203)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Project Status |
Granted (Fiscal Year 2022)
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| Budget Amount *help |
¥4,290,000 (Direct Cost: ¥3,300,000、Indirect Cost: ¥990,000)
Fiscal Year 2022: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2021: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥650,000 (Direct Cost: ¥500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥150,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥2,340,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥540,000)
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| Keywords | Adult Neurogenesis / Synaptic Comeptition / Pattern Separation / Computational Model / Hebbian-like Plasticity / Memory Formation / Machine Learning / Synaptic Plasticity / Dentate Gyrus / Unsupervised Learning / Detate Gyrus / Hippocampus / Slow Oscillation |
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| Outline of Research at the Start |
Adult neurogenesis is a phenomenon that new neurons are generated in the dentate gyrus during adulthoods. Its impairment will suppress the formation of memory. However, how the maturation of those new cells can contribute to long-term memory formation is mostly unknown. In this study, the following issues will be addressed: (1) how the maturation schedule of new-born cells can alter the information processing performance; (2) the optimal learning strategy for information processing; and (3) how other brain regions (e.g., CA3) can make use of the optimal representation for different tasks.
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| Outline of Annual Research Achievements |
Adult neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons in the adult brain. It occurs in two regions of the brain: the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the hippocampus. The SVZ is located in the walls of the lateral ventricles and generates new neurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb. The hippocampus is involved in learning and memory and generates new neurons that integrate into existing neural circuits. Adult neurogenesis is regulated by various factors such as stress, exercise, and environmental enrichment. It has been suggested that adult neurogenesis may play a role in learning and memory, mood regulation, and recovery from brain injury. However, its exact function is still not fully understood and remains an active area of research.
To investigate the functional meaning of the phenomenon, we have constructed a computational model to explain why synaptic competition is important to the Dentate Gyrus (DG) for pattern separation. Synaptic competition is a process that adult-born neurons integrate into the existing neuronal cluster. This piece of work can help us to understand the importance of adult neurogenesis. Also, our work addressed the mystery that suppressing adult neurogenesis impairs the ability to distinguish similar memories only, while the ability to differentiate distinct memories remains unaffected. Our work has also shown that the computational model can be applied as a machine learning algorithm.
This work is accepted by PNAS Nexus for publication in May 2023.
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| Current Status of Research Progress |
Current Status of Research Progress
2: Research has progressed on the whole more than it was originally planned.
Reason
Although the review process has postponed the publication, the paper was accepted by a widely respected journal.
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| Strategy for Future Research Activity |
We will search for more applications of the algorithm.
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Report
(4 results)
Research Products
(4 results)
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[Journal Article] Orchestrated ensemble activities constitute a hippocampal memory engram2019
Author(s)
Khaled Ghandour, Noriaki Ohkawa, Chi Chung Alan Fung, Hirotaka Asai, Yoshito Saitoh, Takashi Takekawa, Reiko Okubo-Suzuki, Shingo Soya, Hirofumi Nishizono, Mina Matsuo, Makoto Osanai, Masaaki Sato, Masamichi Ohkura, Junichi Nakai, Yasunori Hayashi, Takeshi Sakurai, Takashi Kitamura, Tomoki Fukai & Kaoru Inokuchi
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Journal Title
Nature Communications
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 2637-2637
DOI
Related Report
Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
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