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Evolution of hand and finger motions - between locomotion and manipulation

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K22454
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 45:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

HIRASAKI Eishi  京都大学, 霊長類研究所, 准教授 (70252567)

Project Period (FY) 2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2020)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,110,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,700,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,410,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥2,470,000 (Direct Cost: ¥1,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥570,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,640,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,800,000、Indirect Cost: ¥840,000)
Keywords手機能の進化 / 無標点運動解析 / バイオメカニクス / 圧分布解析 / 霊長類 / 手機能
Outline of Research at the Start

ヒトの繁栄を支える「手」の機能の進化については、驚くほどわかっていない。その理由のひとつは、歩行器官としての手の働きに関する情報の欠如である。手はその進化の大部分において物を操作するよりも、足とともに歩行を担う器官として働いてきた。したがって、手の機能の進化を理解するには、歩行と物の操作という2つの異なる役目を果たすために手が取ってきた戦略を探ることが不可欠である。本研究では、ヒトとヒト以外の霊長類が多様な課題を遂行する際の手指の動きについて、無標点3D運動分析法を用いた生機構学的解析を行う。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To understand the evolution of hand function, it is essential to explore the strategies that the hand has adopted to perform the two different roles of locomotion and manipulation. In this study, I attempted to analyze the biomechanics of hand movements during the performance of various tasks in primates, including humans, using markerless 3D motion analysis and pressure distribution analysis. Manipulation experiments suggest that the functional axis of the hand is medially shifted in humans compared to monkeys. From locomotion experiments, we found that the role of the thumb becomes more important in quadrupedal walking on a horizontal pole, which simulated arboreal locomotion, as compared with terrestrial walking. Although there is a delay due to COVID-19, I will continue to analyze the experimental data by feeding them into a control system model of hand movement which my collaborator and I have developed.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本申請は、手指の動きについて、その進化的背景、すなわちロコモーション器官としての手を視野に入れ、ヒトを含む霊長類でバイオメカニクス解析を行うことで手の機能進化の探索を試みた最初の研究である。本研究の実験結果の分析が進めば、手の進化に関する新たな知見をもたらすのみならず、手指に関する人間工学や把握が重要な要素となるロボット工学、さらには手機能の病的低下や老化による低下に関する臨床医学領域に対して、重要な情報を提供できる可能性がある。

Report

(3 results)
  • 2020 Annual Research Report   Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (2 results) Journal Article (1 results) Presentation (5 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 3 results,  Invited: 1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] The University of Manchester(英国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Manchester(英国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Analysis of the palmar pressure distribution during locomotion in Japanese macaques.2020

    • Author(s)
      Hirasaki E, Sellers WI
    • Journal Title

      Anthropological Science

      Volume: 129

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] ニホンザルのロコモーション時における拇指の重要性-手指手掌圧分布の分析から2020

    • Author(s)
      平崎鋭矢
    • Organizer
      第36回日本霊長類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Variation in the arrangement of the foot interosseous muscles in great apes.2020

    • Author(s)
      Hirasaki E, Oishi M
    • Organizer
      The 89th annnual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research / Invited
  • [Presentation] A bio-robotic solution to achieve targeted hand and foot placement in primate musculoskeletal simulation experiments.2020

    • Author(s)
      Sellers WI, Hirasaki E
    • Organizer
      European Society for the Study of Human Evolution 2020
    • Related Report
      2020 Annual Research Report
    • Int'l Joint Research
  • [Presentation] ニホンザルのロコモーション時における手掌圧分布の分析2019

    • Author(s)
      平崎鋭矢、William Sellers
    • Organizer
      第73回日本人類学会大会
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Presentation] Functional classification of dynamic hand shape in primates2019

    • Author(s)
      Sellers WI, Hirasaki E
    • Organizer
      International Congress of Vertebrate Morpholopgy 2019
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Int'l Joint Research

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Published: 2019-07-04   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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