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Using compound-specific radiocarbon clock as a tracer of soil carbon in plant archives

Research Project

Project/Area Number 19K22463
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 45:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Research InstitutionJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Principal Investigator

Ishikawa Naoto  国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 海洋機能利用部門(生物地球化学センター), 副主任研究員 (80609389)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 菅 寿美  国立研究開発法人海洋研究開発機構, 海洋機能利用部門(生物地球化学プログラム), 准研究副主任 (80392942)
Project Period (FY) 2019-06-28 – 2023-03-31
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2022)
Budget Amount *help
¥6,370,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,900,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,470,000)
Fiscal Year 2020: ¥3,120,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥720,000)
Fiscal Year 2019: ¥3,250,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000、Indirect Cost: ¥750,000)
Keywordsクロロフィル / 再利用 / 爆弾炭素 / 植物標本 / タイムマシン
Outline of Research at the Start

陸上植物は大気CO2だけでなく、土壌から取り込んだ炭素を材料に、複雑な有機物を合成している可能性が示されている。そこで本研究は、代表的な光合成色素であるクロロフィル a の生合成材料として、土壌炭素がどれくらい重要かを明らかにすることを目的とする。将来的には、植物が合成する他の化合物も含めて、土壌炭素が合計でどれくらい「リサイクル」されているか、という革新的な見積もりへとつながっていくことが期待される。

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study aims to quantify relative contributions of atmospheric CO2 and soil organic matter to the chlorophyll a molecule in terrestrial plants by analyzing radiocarbon concentrations (Δ14C) in leaf and its chlorophyll a recovered from historical archive specimens collected in AD 1952, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1973, 1982, 1995, and 2007 in Switzerland. Preliminary results suggest that the Δ14C values of leaves follow the rise and fall in those of atmospheric CO2 via a series of the nuclear bomb tests that was banned in AD 1963. The chlorophyll a has been already isolated from the above eight leaf samples and recovered as the form of pheophytin a, which will be sent to Δ14C analysis in the near future.

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

植物にクロロフィル a はわずか(μg / g オーダー)しか含まれておらず、それらのΔ14C分析を行うのは極めて困難である。したがって、高度な実験技術を駆使した信頼性の高い世界初のデータを取得すること自体、現時点では挑戦的かつ先駆的である。葉の博物標本と分子レベルのΔ14C分析を組み合わせ、大気CO2以外の炭素起源を特定する、という斬新なアイディアは応募者ら独自のものであり、本研究の萌芽的な成果は、将来のブレイクスルーの下地になることが期待される。

Report

(4 results)
  • 2022 Final Research Report ( PDF )
  • 2021 Research-status Report
  • 2020 Research-status Report
  • 2019 Research-status Report
  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All 2021 2020 2019 Other

All Int'l Joint Research (3 results) Journal Article (4 results) (of which Int'l Joint Research: 4 results,  Peer Reviewed: 4 results,  Open Access: 1 results) Book (1 results)

  • [Int'l Joint Research] University of Minnesota, St. Paul/University of California, Berkeley(米国)

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] Yale University/University of Washington(米国)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Int'l Joint Research] ETH Zurich(スイス)

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
  • [Journal Article] Influences of ocean currents on the diets of demersal fish communities in the western North Pacific revealed by their muscle carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions2021

    • Author(s)
      Naoto F Ishikawa, Nanako O Ogawa, Yoshito Chikaraishi, Moto-omi Yamaguchi, Katsunori Fujikura, Yosuke Miyairi, Yusuke Yokoyama, Toshi Nagata, Naohiko Ohkouchi
    • Journal Title

      Frontiers in Marine Science

      Volume: 8 Pages: 465-465

    • DOI

      10.3389/fmars.2021.641282

    • Related Report
      2021 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Open Access / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Combined use of radiocarbon and stable carbon isotopes for the source mixing model in a stream food web2020

    • Author(s)
      Ishikawa Naoto F.、Finlay Jacques C.、Uno Hiromi、Ogawa Nanako O.、Ohkouchi Naohiko、Tayasu Ichiro、Power Mary E.
    • Journal Title

      Limnology and Oceanography

      Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Pages: 2688-2696

    • DOI

      10.1002/lno.11541

    • Related Report
      2020 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Radiocarbon age of different photoreactive fractions of freshwater dissolved organic matter2019

    • Author(s)
      Ishikawa Naoto F.、Butman David、Raymond Peter A.
    • Journal Title

      Organic Geochemistry

      Volume: 135 Pages: 11-15

    • DOI

      10.1016/j.orggeochem.2019.06.006

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Journal Article] Compound-Specific Radiocarbon Analysis by Elemental Analyzer?Accelerator Mass Spectrometry: Precision and Limitations2019

    • Author(s)
      Haghipour N.、Ausin B.、Usman M. O.、Ishikawa N.、Wacker L.、Welte C.、Ueda K.、Eglinton T. I.
    • Journal Title

      Analytical Chemistry

      Volume: 91 Issue: 3 Pages: 2042-2049

    • DOI

      10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04491

    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report
    • Peer Reviewed / Int'l Joint Research
  • [Book] 同位体環境学がえがく世界:2020 年版2020

    • Author(s)
      陀安一郎、申基澈、藤吉麗編
    • Total Pages
      104
    • Publisher
      総合地球環境学研究所
    • ISBN
      9784906888764
    • Related Report
      2019 Research-status Report

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Published: 2019-07-04   Modified: 2024-01-30  

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