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神経細胞集団による情報処理と行動選択の計算論的研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 20020034
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Review Section Biological Sciences
Research InstitutionThe Institute of Physical and Chemical Research

Principal Investigator

中原 裕之  The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, 理論統合脳科学研究チーム, チームリーダー (10312282)

Project Period (FY) 2008 – 2009
Project Status Completed (Fiscal Year 2009)
Budget Amount *help
¥5,000,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,000,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥2,500,000 (Direct Cost: ¥2,500,000)
Keywords神経科学 / 数理工学 / 生体生命情報学 / 統計数学 / 機械学習 / 情報工学 / 人工知能
Research Abstract

本研究では、数理モデル構築による「価値意思決定]の脳機能の研究と、細胞集団活動の数理的理解(情報処理の解明)の研究を並行して行った。以下、本年度の二つの主要結果を報告する。
(1) 価値意思決定における脳内時間を反映する強化学習モデル
近年、強化学習を理論的基盤として「価値に基づく意思決定」(価値意思決定)の脳機能の理解が急速に進んだ。今後の進展には、より優れた理論の構築が必要と考え、我々は、実験の観測が使う時間(通常時間)と区別して、脳内の時間過程(内部時間)に基づく強化学習理論を構築した。これにより、脳の内部時間を直接モデル化の対象にする新しい強化学習理論を提案できた。例えば、観測者・実行者の各々の立場により、「ドーパミン神経細胞の報酬予測誤差信号が異なる信号となる」、また「時間割引課題などで異なる合理性が存在する」ことを示した。
(2) 多電極同時記録のデータ解析:高次相互作用を繰込んだ階層モデル
多電極の同時発火活動について、近年、相次いで、網膜神経細胞活動や、大脳皮質神経細胞活動または局所電位活動(negative LFP peak activity ; nLFP)で、2次相関までで同時発火の相互作用の記述には十分という解析結果が報告された。我々の研究は、これらに対して2つのもっと基本的な疑問――「相互作用の適切な“単位"とは?」「対象の神経回路に応じて、より簡便なモデルがあるのでは?」――から出発した。大脳皮質のnLFPデータの解析から、階層的な“単位"を用いる2次相関モデルが、より正確かつ簡便にnLFPの相互作用を記述でき、ロングレンジの相関を捉えることを発見した。このモデルは、実は高次相関を含むモデルであり、通常の2次相関モデルよりは、より小さくかつ簡便なモデルである。より広い文脈では、この研究は各神経回路に対応させてモデル構成を行う新手法を提案している。

Report

(2 results)
  • 2009 Annual Research Report
  • 2008 Annual Research Report
  • Research Products

    (21 results)

All 2010 2009 2008 Other

All Journal Article (4 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 3 results) Presentation (15 results) Book (1 results) Remarks (1 results)

  • [Journal Article] A Resource for Transcriptomic Analysis in the Mouse Brain2008

    • Author(s)
      Plessy, C.
    • Journal Title

      PLoS ONE 3(8)

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Stimulus-induved pairwise interaction can be revealed by information geometric approach2008

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H
    • Journal Title

      Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics

      Pages: 71-75

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Combining Modalities with Different Latencies for Optimal Motor Control2008

    • Author(s)
      Fredrik, B.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 20(11)

      Pages: 1966-1979

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] 大脳基底核の計算モデル : 報酬の予測と獲得のための強化学習2008

    • Author(s)
      中原 裕之
    • Journal Title

      分子精神医学 8(4)

      Pages: 307-313

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Computational Issues for ValueBased Decision Making in Nonsocial and Social Contexts2010

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      Reward and Decision Making Batsheva Conference
    • Place of Presentation
      Jerusalem
    • Year and Date
      2010-02-18
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Internal time temporal difference model of neural valuation2010

    • Author(s)
      Kaveri, S, R., Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      COSYNE 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Salt Lake City, USA
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Does one simulate the other's value-based decision making by using the neural systems for his own?2010

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki, S., Harasawa, N., Ueno, K., Gardner, J., Ichinohe, N., Haruno, M., Cheng, K., Nakahara, H., Kaveri S.R.
    • Organizer
      COSYNE 2010
    • Place of Presentation
      Salt Lake City, USA
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Cluster organization of instantaneous actiity in cortical cultures2009

    • Author(s)
      Santos, G, S., Dharmaraj E.G., Plenz D., Nakahara H.
    • Organizer
      Society for Neuroscience 2009
    • Place of Presentation
      Chicago, USA
    • Year and Date
      2009-10-19
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Does one really simulate the other's value-based decision making in one's value-base decision making?2009

    • Author(s)
      Suzuki, S., Harasawa, N., Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      Society for Neuroscience 2009
    • Place of Presentation
      Chicago, USA
    • Year and Date
      2009-10-18
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Modeling instantaneous network correlations over multiple spatialscales2009

    • Author(s)
      Santos, G, S., Dharmaraj E.G., Plenz D., Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      The 32nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society(Neuroscience 2009)
    • Place of Presentation
      Nagoya
    • Year and Date
      2009-09-16
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Value-based decision making--temporal discounting and context effect : neural mechanisms and computations2009

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      Waseda Morning Seminar(Institute for Research in Contemporary Political and Economic Affairs, Waseda University)
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo
    • Year and Date
      2009-05-18
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] 脳の数理 : 情動・学習・意思決定2008

    • Author(s)
      中原 裕之
    • Organizer
      ヒューマンフォーラム 2008
    • Place of Presentation
      本田技術研究所. 和光, 日本.
    • Year and Date
      2008-09-02
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Analyzing Neural dynamics by considering higher-order interaction and, also, the effect of time on reward prediction.2008

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      EPSRC Workshop on Computational Neuroscience
    • Place of Presentation
      University of Warwick Birmingham, UK.
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Social modulation of the prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, and caudate activity for reward-oriented behavior. Program2008

    • Author(s)
      Santos, G, S
    • Organizer
      Society for Neuroscience, 2008.
    • Place of Presentation
      Washington, DC
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Uncertainty and discounting of rewards for dopamine activity by dissociating internal and physical times.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kaveri, S
    • Organizer
      Society for Neuroscience, 2008
    • Place of Presentation
      Washington, DC
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Effects of internal time and context representation on dopamine activity and value-based decision making.2008

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      Open Problems in Neuroscience of Decision Making.
    • Place of Presentation
      OIST Seaside House, Okinawa, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Computational modeling of Basal Ganglia.2008

    • Author(s)
      Nakahara, H.
    • Organizer
      The 3rd APCTP-KAIST Summer School for Brain Dynamics.
    • Place of Presentation
      KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea.
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Social Reward-Oriented Behavior in the PFC, CN, and Parietal Cortex.2008

    • Author(s)
      Santos, G, S
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2008
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Presentation] Timing in Temporal Difference Models of Dopamine.2008

    • Author(s)
      Kaveri, S, R
    • Organizer
      Neuroscience 2008
    • Place of Presentation
      Tokyo, Japan.
    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report
  • [Book] シリーズ脳科学 第1巻 脳の計算論2009

    • Author(s)
      中原裕之
    • Publisher
      東大出版会
    • Related Report
      2009 Annual Research Report
  • [Remarks] (研究室のホームページ)

    • URL

      http://www.itn.brain.riken.jp

    • Related Report
      2008 Annual Research Report

URL: 

Published: 2008-04-01   Modified: 2018-03-28  

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