| Budget Amount *help |
¥19,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥15,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥4,530,000)
Fiscal Year 2010: ¥5,720,000 (Direct Cost: ¥4,400,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,320,000)
Fiscal Year 2009: ¥6,630,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,100,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,530,000)
Fiscal Year 2008: ¥7,280,000 (Direct Cost: ¥5,600,000、Indirect Cost: ¥1,680,000)
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| Research Abstract |
Our aims in this study were identification of host factors for efficient replication of measles virus and influenza virus in epithelial cells. Previous studies have revealed that measles virus selectively infects cells of the immune system. However, we recently showed that epithelial cells that form tight junctions (polarized epithelial cells) were also susceptible to measles virus. The transcription repressor Snail causes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). When Snail was expressed, polarized epithelial cells lost the ability to support measles virus infection. Microarray analysis identified about 30 genes, whose expression levels were down-regulated by Snal-induced EMT. For influenza virus, cleavage of its HA protein was critical for replication. Recent studies showed that the transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 cleaves the HA protein. We showed that TMPRSS2 was expressed in polarized epithelial cells and supports influenza virus replication, and that its expression was down-regulated by Snail-induced EMT.
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